Question 1

The most common FDA-approved use of interferons is for the treatment of which of the following? (Select all that apply. )

Accepted Answer

A) Hepatitis B 
B) Hepatitis C 
C) Multiple sclerosis 
D) Emphysema 
E) Sarcoidosis 
A) Hepatitis B 
B) Hepatitis C 
C) Multiple sclerosis 
D) Emphysema 
E) Sarcoidosis A,B

Question 2

Which of the following agents is a nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor used to treat HIV infection?

Accepted Answer

A) Saquinavir 
B) Nevirapine 
C) Zidovudine 
D) Raltegravir 
A) Saquinavir 
B) Nevirapine 
C) Zidovudine 
D) Raltegravir B

Question 3

HIV-2 is only transmitted

Accepted Answer

A) from a woman to her child while the child is in the womb. 
B) via sexual intercourse. 
C) by intravenous substance abuse. 
D) by sharing of bodily fluids. 
A) from a woman to her child while the child is in the womb. 
B) via sexual intercourse. 
C) by intravenous substance abuse. 
D) by sharing of bodily fluids. A

Question 4

Which of the following is not an imidazole?

Accepted Answer

A) Clotrimazole 
B) Ketoconazole 
C) Fluconazole 
D) Nystatin 
A) Clotrimazole 
B) Ketoconazole 
C) Fluconazole 
D) Nystatin

Question 5

Which of the following statements is true concerning clotrimazole?

Accepted Answer

A) It is available in the form of an aqueous suspension for oral use. 
B) It is the only antifungal for oral use that does not contain sugar. 
C) Clotrimazole has been reported to produce elevated liver enzyme levels in approximately 85% of patients. 
D) Systemic clotrimazole should not be administered to a pregnant woman. 
A) It is available in the form of an aqueous suspension for oral use. 
B) It is the only antifungal for oral use that does not contain sugar. 
C) Clotrimazole has been reported to produce elevated liver enzyme levels in approximately 85% of patients. 
D) Systemic clotrimazole should not be administered to a pregnant woman.

Question 6

Each of the following is a consequence of the interaction of interferon with cells except one.Which is the exception?

Accepted Answer

A) Alteration of the state of cellular differentiation 
B) Stimulation of oncogene expression 
C) Induction of gene transcription 
D) Inhibition of cellular growth 
A) Alteration of the state of cellular differentiation 
B) Stimulation of oncogene expression 
C) Induction of gene transcription 
D) Inhibition of cellular growth

Question 7

Nystatin is used for both the treatment and the prevention of _____ in susceptible cases.

Accepted Answer

A) blastomycosis 
B) histoplasmosis 
C) oral candidiasis 
D) tinea 
A) blastomycosis 
B) histoplasmosis 
C) oral candidiasis 
D) tinea

Question 8

Why would a patient ever take a vaginal tablet of nystatin orally?

Accepted Answer

A) The vaginal tablet is dosed once per day,which is less frequently than the oral pastille. 
B) The vaginal tablet does not contain sugar. 
C) The vaginal tablet does not require a prescription. 
D) The vaginal tablet has better flavor than the oral tablet. 
E) Only if they did not read the directions and did not know any better. 
A) The vaginal tablet is dosed once per day,which is less frequently than the oral pastille. 
B) The vaginal tablet does not contain sugar. 
C) The vaginal tablet does not require a prescription. 
D) The vaginal tablet has better flavor than the oral tablet. 
E) Only if they did not read the directions and did not know any better.

Question 9

Docosanol 10% has been shown to decrease healing time by about _____ in patients with recurrent orolabial herpes when started within 12 hours of the appearance of prodromal symptoms.

Accepted Answer

A) One half day 
B) 2 days 
C) 5 days 
D) 7 to 10 days 
A) One half day 
B) 2 days 
C) 5 days 
D) 7 to 10 days

Question 10

A dental hygienist should receive postexposure prophylaxis within __ hours following exposure to the HIV virus?

Accepted Answer

A) 24 
B) 48 
C) 72 
D) 96 
E) Zero hours because the medication must be administered prior to exposure. 
A) 24 
B) 48 
C) 72 
D) 96 
E) Zero hours because the medication must be administered prior to exposure.

Question 11

Most antiviral agents are protein synthesis inhibitors.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

The most frequent adverse reaction(s)associated with ketoconazole is (are)

Accepted Answer

A) diarrhea. 
B) nausea and vomiting. 
C) xerostomia. 
D) premature ventricular contractions. 
A) diarrhea. 
B) nausea and vomiting. 
C) xerostomia. 
D) premature ventricular contractions.

Question 13

Nystatin is available in the form of a(n)_____ for the treatment of oral candidiasis.(Select all that apply. )

Accepted Answer

A) intramuscular injection 
B) 200-mg oral tablet 
C) aqueous suspension 
D) pastille 
A) intramuscular injection 
B) 200-mg oral tablet 
C) aqueous suspension 
D) pastille

Question 14

Which of the following agents has poor oral absorption?

Accepted Answer

A) Nystatin 
B) Itraconazole 
C) Terbinafine 
D) Griseofulvin 
A) Nystatin 
B) Itraconazole 
C) Terbinafine 
D) Griseofulvin

Question 15

A person with hepatitis _____ is most likely to develop chronic hepatitis.

Accepted Answer

A) A 
B) B 
C) C 
D) D 
A) A 
B) B 
C) C 
D) D

Question 16

Which of the following is a synthetic antifungal agent available in the form of a slowly dissolving,sugar-containing lozenge for oral use?

Accepted Answer

A) Clotrimazole 
B) Ketoconazole 
C) Fluconazole 
D) Nystatin 
A) Clotrimazole 
B) Ketoconazole 
C) Fluconazole 
D) Nystatin

Question 17

The main advantage of nystatin pastilles over the aqueous suspension is that

Accepted Answer

A) the pastilles do not contain sugar like the suspension. 
B) 15 minutes are required for the lozenge to dissolve in the mouth. 
C) the pastilles have twice rather than four times dosing a day as in the suspension,improving compliance. 
D) the pastilles are swallowed,whereas the suspension should be spit out. 
A) the pastilles do not contain sugar like the suspension. 
B) 15 minutes are required for the lozenge to dissolve in the mouth. 
C) the pastilles have twice rather than four times dosing a day as in the suspension,improving compliance. 
D) the pastilles are swallowed,whereas the suspension should be spit out.

Question 18

Which of the following is used prophylactically against candidiasis in immunocompromised patients or for the treatment of candidal infections that do not respond to other agents?

Accepted Answer

A) Nystatin 
B) Ketoconazole 
C) Fluconazole 
D) Clotrimazole 
A) Nystatin 
B) Ketoconazole 
C) Fluconazole 
D) Clotrimazole

Question 19

All of the following are antifungal agents that are useful in dentistry except

Accepted Answer

A) miconazole. 
B) docosanol. 
C) clotrimazole. 
D) ketoconazole. 
A) miconazole. 
B) docosanol. 
C) clotrimazole. 
D) ketoconazole.

Question 20

Which antifungal agent for oral candidiasis is available as an aqueous suspension?

Accepted Answer

A) Clotrimazole 
B) Ketoconazole 
C) Fluconazole 
D) Nystatin 
A) Clotrimazole 
B) Ketoconazole 
C) Fluconazole 
D) Nystatin

Exam 8: Antifungal and Antiviral Agents

The most common FDA-approved use of interferons is for the treatment of which of the following? (Select all that apply. )

Which of the following agents is a nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor used to treat HIV infection?

HIV-2 is only transmitted

Which of the following is not an imidazole?

Which of the following statements is true concerning clotrimazole?

Each of the following is a consequence of the interaction of interferon with cells except one.Which is the exception?

Nystatin is used for both the treatment and the prevention of _____ in susceptible cases.

Why would a patient ever take a vaginal tablet of nystatin orally?

Docosanol 10% has been shown to decrease healing time by about _____ in patients with recurrent orolabial herpes when started within 12 hours of the appearance of prodromal symptoms.

A dental hygienist should receive postexposure prophylaxis within __ hours following exposure to the HIV virus?

Most antiviral agents are protein synthesis inhibitors.

The most frequent adverse reaction(s)associated with ketoconazole is (are)

Nystatin is available in the form of a(n)_____ for the treatment of oral candidiasis.(Select all that apply. )

Which of the following agents has poor oral absorption?

A person with hepatitis _____ is most likely to develop chronic hepatitis.

Which of the following is a synthetic antifungal agent available in the form of a slowly dissolving,sugar-containing lozenge for oral use?

The main advantage of nystatin pastilles over the aqueous suspension is that

Which of the following is used prophylactically against candidiasis in immunocompromised patients or for the treatment of candidal infections that do not respond to other agents?

All of the following are antifungal agents that are useful in dentistry except

Which antifungal agent for oral candidiasis is available as an aqueous suspension?

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