Question 1

Patients taking corticosteroids may have mucosal surfaces that are more _____ than other patients.

Accepted Answer

A) calloused 
B) friable 
C) keratinized 
D) stippled 
A) calloused 
B) friable 
C) keratinized 
D) stippled B

Question 2

The adverse effects of glucocorticoids are primarily an extension of their therapeutic actions.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 3

A 5-mg oral dose of hydrocortisone (Cortisol)would be equivalent to what dose of triamcinolone?

Accepted Answer

A) 1 mg 
B) 2 mg 
C) 5 mg 
D) 10 mg 
E) 20 mg 
A) 1 mg 
B) 2 mg 
C) 5 mg 
D) 10 mg 
E) 20 mg A

Question 4

Without stress,the normal adult secretes approximately _____ of hydrocortisone daily.

Accepted Answer

A) 20 mg 
B) 40 mg 
C) 5 mg 
D) 40 Mg 
E) 10 mg 
A) 20 mg 
B) 40 mg 
C) 5 mg 
D) 40 Mg 
E) 10 mg

Question 5

The most extensive use of the corticosteroids in both medicine and dentistry is in

Accepted Answer

A) replacement therapy for corticosteroid deficiency. 
B) cancer chemotherapy. 
C) to prevent organ transplant rejection. 
D) osteoporosis. 
E) inflammatory and allergic conditions. 
A) replacement therapy for corticosteroid deficiency. 
B) cancer chemotherapy. 
C) to prevent organ transplant rejection. 
D) osteoporosis. 
E) inflammatory and allergic conditions.

Question 6

Corticosteroids increase resistance to infection.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Which of the following conditions may be exacerbated by corticosteroid use? (Select all that apply. )

Accepted Answer

A) Hypertension 
B) Hypotension 
C) Congestive heart failure 
D) Glaucoma 
E) Osteoporosis 
A) Hypertension 
B) Hypotension 
C) Congestive heart failure 
D) Glaucoma 
E) Osteoporosis

Question 8

Levels of endogenous corticosteroids can increase tenfold in response to an especially stressful stimulus.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Which of the following statements is true concerning adrenal crisis?

Accepted Answer

A) Once adrenal suppression occurs,the adrenal gland will never respond normally again. 
B) The adrenal crisis occurs because of a relative lack of corticosteroids during stress. 
C) Administering adrenal steroids may be necessary after a stressful dental procedure to prevent adrenal crisis. 
D) Problems generally occur with either low or very high doses,not in the midrange. 
A) Once adrenal suppression occurs,the adrenal gland will never respond normally again. 
B) The adrenal crisis occurs because of a relative lack of corticosteroids during stress. 
C) Administering adrenal steroids may be necessary after a stressful dental procedure to prevent adrenal crisis. 
D) Problems generally occur with either low or very high doses,not in the midrange.

Question 10

Which is released by the adrenal cortex in response to the release of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)?

Accepted Answer

A) Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) 
B) Hydrocortisone 
C) Adrenocorticotropic hormone ACTH 
D) Norepinephrine 
E) Acetylcholine 
A) Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) 
B) Hydrocortisone 
C) Adrenocorticotropic hormone ACTH 
D) Norepinephrine 
E) Acetylcholine

Question 11

The mineralocorticoid effects of corticosteroids include all of the following except which one?

Accepted Answer

A) Increased sodium retention 
B) Decreased potassium retention 
C) Decreased bone density 
D) Edema 
E) Hypertension 
A) Increased sodium retention 
B) Decreased potassium retention 
C) Decreased bone density 
D) Edema 
E) Hypertension

Question 12

A deficiency of adrenocorticosteroids is ________,and an excess is __________.

Accepted Answer

A) Addison disease;Cushing disease 
B) Addison disease;Cushing syndrome 
C) Addison syndrome;Cushing syndrome 
D) Addison syndrome;Cushing disease 
A) Addison disease;Cushing disease 
B) Addison disease;Cushing syndrome 
C) Addison syndrome;Cushing syndrome 
D) Addison syndrome;Cushing disease

Question 13

Inhibition of phospholipase A by steroids leads to decreased production of (Select all that apply. )

Accepted Answer

A) neutrophils. 
B) prostaglandins. 
C) arachidonic acid. 
D) leukotrienes. 
A) neutrophils. 
B) prostaglandins. 
C) arachidonic acid. 
D) leukotrienes.

Question 14

All of the following are signs of Cushing syndrome except for which one?

Accepted Answer

A) Moon face 
B) Hypoglycemia 
C) Muscle wasting 
D) Fat deposit on back of neck 
A) Moon face 
B) Hypoglycemia 
C) Muscle wasting 
D) Fat deposit on back of neck

Question 15

Which of the following choices is a disease or condition produced by an excess of adrenocorticosteroids?

Accepted Answer

A) Addison disease 
B) Cushing syndrome 
C) Graves' disease 
D) Parkinson disease 
A) Addison disease 
B) Cushing syndrome 
C) Graves' disease 
D) Parkinson disease

Question 16

Which of the following types of patients is least likely to require steroid supplementation for most routine dental procedures?

Accepted Answer

A) A patient with primary adrenal insufficiency 
B) A patient with secondary adrenal insufficiency 
C) A patient with Addison disease 
D) A patient with rheumatoid arthritis 
A) A patient with primary adrenal insufficiency 
B) A patient with secondary adrenal insufficiency 
C) A patient with Addison disease 
D) A patient with rheumatoid arthritis

Question 17

Patients who are on which of the following corticosteroid regimens should be prescribed supplemental corticosteroids before a stressful dental procedure?

Accepted Answer

A) Currently taking less than 20 mg of hydrocortisone every day 
B) Currently taking more than 40 mg of hydrocortisone every day 
C) Currently taking between 20 and 40 mg of hydrocortisone every day 
D) All of the above 
E) None of the above 
A) Currently taking less than 20 mg of hydrocortisone every day 
B) Currently taking more than 40 mg of hydrocortisone every day 
C) Currently taking between 20 and 40 mg of hydrocortisone every day 
D) All of the above 
E) None of the above

Question 18

Negative feedback involves the action of adrenocorticosteroids on the

Accepted Answer

A) adrenal cortex. 
B) pituitary gland. 
C) hypothalamus. 
D) Both A and C are correct. 
E) Both B and C are correct. 
A) adrenal cortex. 
B) pituitary gland. 
C) hypothalamus. 
D) Both A and C are correct. 
E) Both B and C are correct.

Question 19

Of the following agents listed,which is the most potent in glucocorticoid activity?

Accepted Answer

A) Hydrocortisone (Cortaid,Anusol,Hytone,Dermacort,Penecort,Cetacort) 
B) Fluocinolone acetonide (Synalar) 
C) Betamethasone valerate (Valisone) 
D) Triamcinolone acetonide (Aristocort) 
E) Clobetasol propionate (Temovate) 
A) Hydrocortisone (Cortaid,Anusol,Hytone,Dermacort,Penecort,Cetacort) 
B) Fluocinolone acetonide (Synalar) 
C) Betamethasone valerate (Valisone) 
D) Triamcinolone acetonide (Aristocort) 
E) Clobetasol propionate (Temovate)

Question 20

When does the maximal secretion of hydrocortisone (cortisol)occur in the body?

Accepted Answer

A) Between 12 PM and 2 PM 
B) Between 9 AM and 12 AM 
C) Between 4 AM and 8 AM 
D) Between 7 AM and 10 AM 
A) Between 12 PM and 2 PM 
B) Between 9 AM and 12 AM 
C) Between 4 AM and 8 AM 
D) Between 7 AM and 10 AM

Exam 16: Adrenocorticosteroids

Patients taking corticosteroids may have mucosal surfaces that are more _____ than other patients.

The adverse effects of glucocorticoids are primarily an extension of their therapeutic actions.

A 5-mg oral dose of hydrocortisone (Cortisol)would be equivalent to what dose of triamcinolone?

Without stress,the normal adult secretes approximately _____ of hydrocortisone daily.

The most extensive use of the corticosteroids in both medicine and dentistry is in

Corticosteroids increase resistance to infection.

Which of the following conditions may be exacerbated by corticosteroid use? (Select all that apply. )

Levels of endogenous corticosteroids can increase tenfold in response to an especially stressful stimulus.

Which of the following statements is true concerning adrenal crisis?

Which is released by the adrenal cortex in response to the release of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)?

The mineralocorticoid effects of corticosteroids include all of the following except which one?

A deficiency of adrenocorticosteroids is ________,and an excess is __________.

Inhibition of phospholipase A by steroids leads to decreased production of (Select all that apply. )

All of the following are signs of Cushing syndrome except for which one?

Which of the following choices is a disease or condition produced by an excess of adrenocorticosteroids?

Which of the following types of patients is least likely to require steroid supplementation for most routine dental procedures?

Patients who are on which of the following corticosteroid regimens should be prescribed supplemental corticosteroids before a stressful dental procedure?

Negative feedback involves the action of adrenocorticosteroids on the

Of the following agents listed,which is the most potent in glucocorticoid activity?

When does the maximal secretion of hydrocortisone (cortisol)occur in the body?

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