Question 1

What condition results when a procedural manipulation of a particular body site that is colonized by normal florae occurs?

Accepted Answer

A)  Continuous bacteremia 
B)  Intermittent bacteremia 
C)  Septic shock 
D)  Transient bacteremia 
A)  Continuous bacteremia 
B)  Intermittent bacteremia 
C)  Septic shock 
D)  Transient bacteremia

Question 2

How long are conventional blood cultures held?

Accepted Answer

A)  4 days 
B)  7 days 
C)  14 days 
D)  21 days 
A)  4 days 
B)  7 days 
C)  14 days 
D)  21 days

Question 3

What is the principle of a continuous monitoring blood culture system?

Accepted Answer

A)  The amount of ¹⁴CO₂ produced is measured as a growth index and compared with a threshold. 
B)  The amount of increased lipopolysaccharide is measured and compared against the null value. 
C)  The pH of the media is continuously measured to check for bacterial metabolic by-products. 
D)  An optical monitor records the number of bacteria and records the growth. 
A)  The amount of ¹⁴CO₂ produced is measured as a growth index and compared with a threshold. 
B)  The amount of increased lipopolysaccharide is measured and compared against the null value. 
C)  The pH of the media is continuously measured to check for bacterial metabolic by-products. 
D)  An optical monitor records the number of bacteria and records the growth.

Question 4

Bacteremias can be classified by all of the following schemes EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  Microbiology 
B)  Acquisition 
C)  Pathogenesis 
D)  Duration 
A)  Microbiology 
B)  Acquisition 
C)  Pathogenesis 
D)  Duration

Question 5

What organism is most commonly associated with bacteremia caused by acute pyelonephritis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Escherichia coli 
B)  Enterobacter aerogenes 
C)  Pseudomonas aeruginosa 
D)  Staphylococcus aureus 
A)  Escherichia coli 
B)  Enterobacter aerogenes 
C)  Pseudomonas aeruginosa 
D)  Staphylococcus aureus

Question 6

Bacteremia with this organism may lead to endocarditis,osteomyelitis,septic arthritis,hepatic abscess,or pyomyositis.

Accepted Answer

A)  Streptococcus pneumoniae 
B)  Escherichia coli 
C)  Staphylococcus aureus 
D)  Pseudomonas aeruginosa 
A)  Streptococcus pneumoniae 
B)  Escherichia coli 
C)  Staphylococcus aureus 
D)  Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Question 7

If a patient with a bacteremia is receiving antibiotics but not responding to treatment,how does the physician find out if another organism is present in the blood,causing the problem?

Accepted Answer

A)  Redraw the blood cultures. 
B)  Redraw the blood cultures using an antibiotic removal device (AR
D) . 
C)  Switch the patient to another antibiotic that will resolve the clinical symptoms. 
D)  Perform hemodialysis to remove the organisms from the patient's blood. 
A)  Redraw the blood cultures. 
B)  Redraw the blood cultures using an antibiotic removal device (AR
D) . 
C)  Switch the patient to another antibiotic that will resolve the clinical symptoms. 
D)  Perform hemodialysis to remove the organisms from the patient's blood.

Question 8

All of the following factors are associated with an unfavorable outcome in bacteremia EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  Pneumonia 
B)  Polymicrobial bacteremia 
C)  Presence of malignancy 
D)  AIDS 
A)  Pneumonia 
B)  Polymicrobial bacteremia 
C)  Presence of malignancy 
D)  AIDS

Question 9

Immunization has decreased which major cause of bacteremia in children?

Accepted Answer

A)  Haemophilus influenzae 
B)  Streptococcus pneumoniae 
C)  Escherichia coli 
D)  Hepatitis A 
A)  Haemophilus influenzae 
B)  Streptococcus pneumoniae 
C)  Escherichia coli 
D)  Hepatitis A

Question 10

What are two potential consequences of bacteremia?

Accepted Answer

A)  Endocarditis and meningitis 
B)  Meningitis and encephalitis 
C)  Encephalitis and hepatitis 
D)  Sepsis and septic shock 
A)  Endocarditis and meningitis 
B)  Meningitis and encephalitis 
C)  Encephalitis and hepatitis 
D)  Sepsis and septic shock

Exam 36: Bacteremia and Sepsis

What condition results when a procedural manipulation of a particular body site that is colonized by normal florae occurs?

How long are conventional blood cultures held?

What is the principle of a continuous monitoring blood culture system?

Bacteremias can be classified by all of the following schemes EXCEPT:

What organism is most commonly associated with bacteremia caused by acute pyelonephritis?

Bacteremia with this organism may lead to endocarditis,osteomyelitis,septic arthritis,hepatic abscess,or pyomyositis.

If a patient with a bacteremia is receiving antibiotics but not responding to treatment,how does the physician find out if another organism is present in the blood,causing the problem?

All of the following factors are associated with an unfavorable outcome in bacteremia EXCEPT:

Immunization has decreased which major cause of bacteremia in children?

What are two potential consequences of bacteremia?

Bacterial Cell Structure, physiology, Metabolism, and Genetics

Host-Parasite Interaction

Laboratory Role in Infection Control

Control of Microorganisms

Performance Improvement in the Microbiology Laboratory

Specimen Collection and Processing

Microscopic Examination of Infected Materials

Use of Colonial Morphology for the Presumptive Identification of Microorganisms

Biochemical Identification of Gram-Negative Bacteria

Immunodiagnosis of Infectious Diseases

Applications of Molecular Diagnostics

Antibiotic Mechanisms of Action and Resistance

Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing

Staphylococci

Streptococcus, enterococcus, and Other Catalase-Negative Gram-Positive Cocci

Aerobic Gram-Positive Bacilli

Neisseria Species and Moraxella Catarrhalis

Haemophilus and Other Fastidious Gram-Negative Bacilli

Enterobacteriaceae

Vibrio,aeromonas,plesiomonas and Campylobacter Species

Nonfermenting and Miscellaneous Gram-Negative Bacilli

Anaerobes of Clinical Importance

Spirochetes

Chlamydia and Rickettsia

Mycoplasma and Ureaplasma

Mycobacterium Tuberculosis and Other Nontuberculosis Mycobacteria

Medically Significant Fungi

Diagnostic Parasitology

Clinical Virology

Agents of Bioterror

Biofilms: Architects of Disease

Upper and Lower Respiratory Tract Infections

Skin and Soft Tissue Infections

Gastrointestinal Infections and Food Poisoning

Infections of the Central Nervous System

Urinary Tract Infections

Genital Infections and Sexually Transmitted Diseases

Infections in Special Populations

Zoonotic Diseases

Ocular Infections

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