Question 1

What is the name of the Bacillus species that causes anthrax in cattle?

Accepted Answer

A)  B. anthracis 
B)  B. cereus 
C)  B. asteroids 
D)  B. subtilis 
A)  B. anthracis 
B)  B. cereus 
C)  B. asteroids 
D)  B. subtilis

Question 2

What organism is responsible for spontaneous abortion and stillborn neonates and can cause meningitis with a fatality rate approaching 50% in newborns?

Accepted Answer

A)  Corynebacterium diphtheriae 
B)  Rhodococcus equi 
C)  Rothia dentocariosa 
D)  Listeria monocytogenes 
A)  Corynebacterium diphtheriae 
B)  Rhodococcus equi 
C)  Rothia dentocariosa 
D)  Listeria monocytogenes

Question 3

The three proteins that make up the anthrax toxin include all the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  Protective antigen 
B)  Edema factor 
C)  Cellular factor 
D)  Lethal factor 
A)  Protective antigen 
B)  Edema factor 
C)  Cellular factor 
D)  Lethal factor

Question 4

All of the following are commonly encountered Nocardia spp.EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  Nocardia asteroides 
B)  N. brasiliensis 
C)  N. transvalensis 
D)  N. nova 
A)  Nocardia asteroides 
B)  N. brasiliensis 
C)  N. transvalensis 
D)  N. nova

Question 5

Why is it that although Nocardia spp.grow well on most common nonselective laboratory media,many are missed when the cultures are read?

Accepted Answer

A)  These organisms require 3 to 6 days to grow. 
B)  These organisms require factors X and V to grow. 
C)  These organisms require 3 to 6 weeks to grow. 
D)  These organisms are anaerobic. 
A)  These organisms require 3 to 6 days to grow. 
B)  These organisms require factors X and V to grow. 
C)  These organisms require 3 to 6 weeks to grow. 
D)  These organisms are anaerobic.

Question 6

Which of the following is true about Nocardia spp.?

Accepted Answer

A)  These organisms grow well on standard nonselective media. 
B)  Growth may take a week or more. 
C)  Infections occur in immunocompromised patients. 
D)  All of the above. 
A)  These organisms grow well on standard nonselective media. 
B)  Growth may take a week or more. 
C)  Infections occur in immunocompromised patients. 
D)  All of the above.

Question 7

How is anthrax spread in animals?

Accepted Answer

A)  Respiratory-droplet where the bacteria is directly transferred 
B)  Intimate contact where the bacteria is directly transferred 
C)  Drinking contaminated water where the bacteria is directly transferred 
D)  Eating plants contaminated with the spores 
A)  Respiratory-droplet where the bacteria is directly transferred 
B)  Intimate contact where the bacteria is directly transferred 
C)  Drinking contaminated water where the bacteria is directly transferred 
D)  Eating plants contaminated with the spores

Question 8

The symptoms of inhalation anthrax include all of the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  Productive cough 
B)  Dyspnea 
C)  Cyanosis 
D)  Disorientation 
A)  Productive cough 
B)  Dyspnea 
C)  Cyanosis 
D)  Disorientation

Question 9

One of the foremen at a pig farm notices purple sores on one of his workers.The worker has not been feeling well for the past two weeks,so the foreman sends him to the doctor.The doctor takes scrapings from the sores and sends them to the laboratory for a culture and sensitivity.The Gram stain shows 3+ thin,gram-positive rods that have filaments.The culture plates were examined the next day and revealed nonhemolytic,pinpoint,transparent colonies.What is the most likely pathogen?

Accepted Answer

A)  Streptococcus pneumoniae 
B)  Streptococcus pyogenes 
C)  Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae 
D)  Rhodococcus 
A)  Streptococcus pneumoniae 
B)  Streptococcus pyogenes 
C)  Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae 
D)  Rhodococcus

Question 10

All the following are general characteristics of the genus Bacillus EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  Aerobic 
B)  Gram positive 
C)  Form endospores 
D)  Cocci 
A)  Aerobic 
B)  Gram positive 
C)  Form endospores 
D)  Cocci

Question 11

What is the colony morphology of A.haemolyticum on sheep blood agar (SBA)?

Accepted Answer

A)  A narrow zone of b-hemolysis and a black opaque dot is seen when the colony is scraped away. 
B)  Gamma hemolysis, with pitting around the edges of the colony. 
C)  Alpha hemolysis, with a central black opaque dot in the colony. 
D)  A wide zone of beta hemolysis and a large, yellow, mucoid colony. 
A)  A narrow zone of b-hemolysis and a black opaque dot is seen when the colony is scraped away. 
B)  Gamma hemolysis, with pitting around the edges of the colony. 
C)  Alpha hemolysis, with a central black opaque dot in the colony. 
D)  A wide zone of beta hemolysis and a large, yellow, mucoid colony.

Question 12

What antibiotic,in 2000,was approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA)for post exposure inhalation anthrax?

Accepted Answer

A)  Penicillin 
B)  Erythromycin 
C)  Cephalosporin 
D)  Ciprofloxacin 
A)  Penicillin 
B)  Erythromycin 
C)  Cephalosporin 
D)  Ciprofloxacin

Question 13

What other gram-positive rod is similar to Bacillus anthracis?

Accepted Answer

A)  B. subtilis 
B)  B. cereus 
C)  L. monocytogenes 
D)  E. rhusiopathiae 
A)  B. subtilis 
B)  B. cereus 
C)  L. monocytogenes 
D)  E. rhusiopathiae

Question 14

What organism shows diphtheroid gram-positive rods with traces of branching on a Gram stain?

Accepted Answer

A)  Rothia dentocariosa 
B)  Rhodococcus equi 
C)  Listeria monocytogenes 
D)  Corynebacterium diphtheriae 
A)  Rothia dentocariosa 
B)  Rhodococcus equi 
C)  Listeria monocytogenes 
D)  Corynebacterium diphtheriae

Question 15

What media does Corynebacterium diphtheriae grow on?

Accepted Answer

A)  Sheep blood agar (SB
A)  
B)  Loeffler 
C)  Cystine-tellurite blood 
D)  All of the above 
A)  Sheep blood agar (SB
A)  
B)  Loeffler 
C)  Cystine-tellurite blood 
D)  All of the above

Question 16

The symptoms of gastrointestinal anthrax include all the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  Abdominal pain 
B)  Rice water stools 
C)  Bloody diarrhea 
D)  Vomiting 
A)  Abdominal pain 
B)  Rice water stools 
C)  Bloody diarrhea 
D)  Vomiting

Question 17

After 24 hours,a sheep blood agar (SBA)from a vaginal culture is read.The SBA has a-hemolytic,pinpoint,rough colonies all over the plate.A catalase test is performed,and it is negative.What organisms do these characteristics fit?

Accepted Answer

A)  Lactobacillus and viridans streptococci 
B)  Diphtheroids and rhodococci 
C)  Staphylococcus and Listeria 
D)  Corynebacterium and Arcanobacterium 
A)  Lactobacillus and viridans streptococci 
B)  Diphtheroids and rhodococci 
C)  Staphylococcus and Listeria 
D)  Corynebacterium and Arcanobacterium

Question 18

What organism is a member of the human oropharyngeal flora,but has been isolated from people with endocarditis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Listeria monocytogenes 
B)  Rhodococcus equi 
C)  Rothia dentocariosa 
D)  Corynebacterium diphtheriae 
A)  Listeria monocytogenes 
B)  Rhodococcus equi 
C)  Rothia dentocariosa 
D)  Corynebacterium diphtheriae

Question 19

What is the name of the genus whose members are called nocardioforms?

Accepted Answer

A)  Gordonia 
B)  Weimeronia 
C)  Rhodococcus 
D)  Tsukamurella 
A)  Gordonia 
B)  Weimeronia 
C)  Rhodococcus 
D)  Tsukamurella

Question 20

What is the name of the species that,before the onset of bioterrorism and immunocompromised patients,was considered a common laboratory contaminant?

Accepted Answer

A)  Streptococcus 
B)  Bacillus 
C)  Rhodococcus 
D)  Arcanobacterium 
A)  Streptococcus 
B)  Bacillus 
C)  Rhodococcus 
D)  Arcanobacterium

Exam 16: Aerobic Gram-Positive Bacilli

What is the name of the Bacillus species that causes anthrax in cattle?

What organism is responsible for spontaneous abortion and stillborn neonates and can cause meningitis with a fatality rate approaching 50% in newborns?

The three proteins that make up the anthrax toxin include all the following EXCEPT:

All of the following are commonly encountered Nocardia spp.EXCEPT:

Why is it that although Nocardia spp.grow well on most common nonselective laboratory media,many are missed when the cultures are read?

Which of the following is true about Nocardia spp.?

How is anthrax spread in animals?

The symptoms of inhalation anthrax include all of the following EXCEPT:

All the following are general characteristics of the genus Bacillus EXCEPT:

What is the colony morphology of A.haemolyticum on sheep blood agar (SBA)?

What antibiotic,in 2000,was approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA)for post exposure inhalation anthrax?

What other gram-positive rod is similar to Bacillus anthracis?

What organism shows diphtheroid gram-positive rods with traces of branching on a Gram stain?

What media does Corynebacterium diphtheriae grow on?

The symptoms of gastrointestinal anthrax include all the following EXCEPT:

After 24 hours,a sheep blood agar (SBA)from a vaginal culture is read.The SBA has a-hemolytic,pinpoint,rough colonies all over the plate.A catalase test is performed,and it is negative.What organisms do these characteristics fit?

What organism is a member of the human oropharyngeal flora,but has been isolated from people with endocarditis?

What is the name of the genus whose members are called nocardioforms?

What is the name of the species that,before the onset of bioterrorism and immunocompromised patients,was considered a common laboratory contaminant?

Bacterial Cell Structure, physiology, Metabolism, and Genetics

Host-Parasite Interaction

Laboratory Role in Infection Control

Control of Microorganisms

Performance Improvement in the Microbiology Laboratory

Specimen Collection and Processing

Microscopic Examination of Infected Materials

Use of Colonial Morphology for the Presumptive Identification of Microorganisms

Biochemical Identification of Gram-Negative Bacteria

Immunodiagnosis of Infectious Diseases

Applications of Molecular Diagnostics

Antibiotic Mechanisms of Action and Resistance

Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing

Staphylococci

Streptococcus, enterococcus, and Other Catalase-Negative Gram-Positive Cocci

Neisseria Species and Moraxella Catarrhalis

Haemophilus and Other Fastidious Gram-Negative Bacilli

Enterobacteriaceae

Vibrio,aeromonas,plesiomonas and Campylobacter Species

Nonfermenting and Miscellaneous Gram-Negative Bacilli

Anaerobes of Clinical Importance

Spirochetes

Chlamydia and Rickettsia

Mycoplasma and Ureaplasma

Mycobacterium Tuberculosis and Other Nontuberculosis Mycobacteria

Medically Significant Fungi

Diagnostic Parasitology

Clinical Virology

Agents of Bioterror

Biofilms: Architects of Disease

Upper and Lower Respiratory Tract Infections

Skin and Soft Tissue Infections

Gastrointestinal Infections and Food Poisoning

Infections of the Central Nervous System

Bacteremia and Sepsis

Urinary Tract Infections

Genital Infections and Sexually Transmitted Diseases

Infections in Special Populations

Zoonotic Diseases

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