Question 1

What is the most common causative agent of pyoderma?

Accepted Answer

A)  Staphylococcus aureus 
B)  Neisseria gonorrhea 
C)  Clostridium perfringens 
D)  Haemophilus influenzae 
A)  Staphylococcus aureus 
B)  Neisseria gonorrhea 
C)  Clostridium perfringens 
D)  Haemophilus influenzae

Question 2

The purpose of a simple stain is to:

Accepted Answer

A)  Color specific components of specific elements. 
B)  Color the forms and shapes present. 
C)  Specifically identify an organism. 
D)  Identify the types of DNA and RNA present in the nucleus of a cell. 
A)  Color specific components of specific elements. 
B)  Color the forms and shapes present. 
C)  Specifically identify an organism. 
D)  Identify the types of DNA and RNA present in the nucleus of a cell.

Question 3

Why should laboratory professionals look for contamination of a specimen by normal microbial florae?

Accepted Answer

A)  Contaminated specimens will have much amorphous debris that also goes with them. 
B)  Normal florae always preclude the possibility of a pathogen infecting the area where they reside. 
C)  The normal florae will be found in clumps, and any pathogenic bacteria will be found with the normal florae. 
D)  Contamination of specimens with normal florae that are not collected from sterile sites diminishes the value of the culture studies. 
A)  Contaminated specimens will have much amorphous debris that also goes with them. 
B)  Normal florae always preclude the possibility of a pathogen infecting the area where they reside. 
C)  The normal florae will be found in clumps, and any pathogenic bacteria will be found with the normal florae. 
D)  Contamination of specimens with normal florae that are not collected from sterile sites diminishes the value of the culture studies.

Question 4

When a laboratory professional examines a specimen smear,he or she should be looking for all of the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  Squamous epithelial cells 
B)  Mucus 
C)  Bacteria without the cells of inflammation 
D)  Debris 
A)  Squamous epithelial cells 
B)  Mucus 
C)  Bacteria without the cells of inflammation 
D)  Debris

Question 5

In the microbiology laboratory,this instrument is routinely used to examine smears for structures that are too small to be seen with the unaided eye.

Accepted Answer

A)  Cytocentrifuge 
B)  Thermal cycler 
C)  Compound microscope 
D)  Electron microscope 
A)  Cytocentrifuge 
B)  Thermal cycler 
C)  Compound microscope 
D)  Electron microscope

Question 6

All the following cells reflect chronic inflammation EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  Lymphocytes 
B)  Neutrophils 
C)  Monocytes 
D)  Macrophages 
A)  Lymphocytes 
B)  Neutrophils 
C)  Monocytes 
D)  Macrophages

Question 7

The direct microscopic examination of infected materials,along with specimen site and historical information,may suggest modifications in routine culture techniques to allow the isolation of a suspected pathogen.Common modifications include all of the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  Ordering other culture tests 
B)  Adding special media 
C)  Changing incubation temperature or atmosphere 
D)  Changing the amount of humidity in the incubator 
A)  Ordering other culture tests 
B)  Adding special media 
C)  Changing incubation temperature or atmosphere 
D)  Changing the amount of humidity in the incubator

Question 8

Pathogens that will grow in culture,but not in routine bacterial culture,can be recognized on the smear and include all the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  Legionella spp. 
B)  Mycobacterium spp. 
C)  Bartonella spp. 
D)  Klebsiella spp. 
A)  Legionella spp. 
B)  Mycobacterium spp. 
C)  Bartonella spp. 
D)  Klebsiella spp.

Question 9

You are working in a microbiology laboratory and receive a sputum for culture.You perform a Gram stain on the sputum and get the following results: 3+ gram-positive cocci,greater than 25 epithelial cells/10× field,less than 10 neutrophils/10× field,and heavy mucus.What do these results indicate?

Accepted Answer

A)  An acceptable specimen that should be worked up with definitive identification for all bacteria present 
B)  An unacceptable specimen and workup that should be limited to basic identification of bacteria 
C)  An unacceptable specimen that should be worked up with definitive identification for all bacteria present 
D)  An acceptable specimen and workup that should be limited to the basic identification of bacteria 
A)  An acceptable specimen that should be worked up with definitive identification for all bacteria present 
B)  An unacceptable specimen and workup that should be limited to basic identification of bacteria 
C)  An unacceptable specimen that should be worked up with definitive identification for all bacteria present 
D)  An acceptable specimen and workup that should be limited to the basic identification of bacteria

Question 10

Barlett's method for scoring sputum and the Murray-Washington method for contamination assessment associate what with unacceptable sputum specimens?

Accepted Answer

A)  10 to 25 neutrophils/10× field 
B)  Greater than 25 neutrophils/10× field 
C)  10 to 20 squamous epithelial cells/10× field 
D)  Less than 10 squamous epithelial cells/10× field 
A)  10 to 25 neutrophils/10× field 
B)  Greater than 25 neutrophils/10× field 
C)  10 to 20 squamous epithelial cells/10× field 
D)  Less than 10 squamous epithelial cells/10× field

Question 11

When examining specimen smears for pathogenic bacteria,this is important to note.

Accepted Answer

A)  Wright's stain reaction 
B)  Intracellular and extracellular forms 
C)  Details of the microbe's nuclear structure 
D)  The amount of fecal material on the slide 
A)  Wright's stain reaction 
B)  Intracellular and extracellular forms 
C)  Details of the microbe's nuclear structure 
D)  The amount of fecal material on the slide

Question 12

What is the most common causative agent of urethritis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Staphylococcus aureus 
B)  Neisseria gonorrhea 
C)  Clostridium perfringens 
D)  Haemophilus influenzae 
A)  Staphylococcus aureus 
B)  Neisseria gonorrhea 
C)  Clostridium perfringens 
D)  Haemophilus influenzae

Question 13

By looking at a bacterial smear,how can you tell if the infection is polymicrobial?

Accepted Answer

A)  Mucus, red blood cells, neutrophils, and necrosis are on the smear. 
B)  Lymphocytes, monocytes, and macrophages are on the smear. 
C)  More than one morphologic type of bacteria is present on the smear. 
D)  Both gram-negative rods and gram-positive cocci are present on the smear. 
A)  Mucus, red blood cells, neutrophils, and necrosis are on the smear. 
B)  Lymphocytes, monocytes, and macrophages are on the smear. 
C)  More than one morphologic type of bacteria is present on the smear. 
D)  Both gram-negative rods and gram-positive cocci are present on the smear.

Question 14

Some pathogens will not grow in culture and are usually unsuspected.This pathogen can be seen in the sputum and bronchoalveolar fluid of patients with a hyperinfestation syndrome.The name of this pathogen is:

Accepted Answer

A)  Strongyloides stercoralis 
B)  Giardia lamblia 
C)  Staphylococcus aureus 
D)  Klebsiella pneumoniae 
A)  Strongyloides stercoralis 
B)  Giardia lamblia 
C)  Staphylococcus aureus 
D)  Klebsiella pneumoniae

Exam 7: Microscopic Examination of Infected Materials

What is the most common causative agent of pyoderma?

The purpose of a simple stain is to:

Why should laboratory professionals look for contamination of a specimen by normal microbial florae?

When a laboratory professional examines a specimen smear,he or she should be looking for all of the following EXCEPT:

In the microbiology laboratory,this instrument is routinely used to examine smears for structures that are too small to be seen with the unaided eye.

All the following cells reflect chronic inflammation EXCEPT:

The direct microscopic examination of infected materials,along with specimen site and historical information,may suggest modifications in routine culture techniques to allow the isolation of a suspected pathogen.Common modifications include all of the following EXCEPT:

Pathogens that will grow in culture,but not in routine bacterial culture,can be recognized on the smear and include all the following EXCEPT:

You are working in a microbiology laboratory and receive a sputum for culture.You perform a Gram stain on the sputum and get the following results: 3+ gram-positive cocci,greater than 25 epithelial cells/10× field,less than 10 neutrophils/10× field,and heavy mucus.What do these results indicate?

Barlett's method for scoring sputum and the Murray-Washington method for contamination assessment associate what with unacceptable sputum specimens?

When examining specimen smears for pathogenic bacteria,this is important to note.

What is the most common causative agent of urethritis?

By looking at a bacterial smear,how can you tell if the infection is polymicrobial?

Some pathogens will not grow in culture and are usually unsuspected.This pathogen can be seen in the sputum and bronchoalveolar fluid of patients with a hyperinfestation syndrome.The name of this pathogen is:

Bacterial Cell Structure, physiology, Metabolism, and Genetics

Host-Parasite Interaction

Laboratory Role in Infection Control

Control of Microorganisms

Performance Improvement in the Microbiology Laboratory

Specimen Collection and Processing

Use of Colonial Morphology for the Presumptive Identification of Microorganisms

Biochemical Identification of Gram-Negative Bacteria

Immunodiagnosis of Infectious Diseases

Applications of Molecular Diagnostics

Antibiotic Mechanisms of Action and Resistance

Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing

Staphylococci

Streptococcus, enterococcus, and Other Catalase-Negative Gram-Positive Cocci

Aerobic Gram-Positive Bacilli

Neisseria Species and Moraxella Catarrhalis

Haemophilus and Other Fastidious Gram-Negative Bacilli

Enterobacteriaceae

Vibrio,aeromonas,plesiomonas and Campylobacter Species

Nonfermenting and Miscellaneous Gram-Negative Bacilli

Anaerobes of Clinical Importance

Spirochetes

Chlamydia and Rickettsia

Mycoplasma and Ureaplasma

Mycobacterium Tuberculosis and Other Nontuberculosis Mycobacteria

Medically Significant Fungi

Diagnostic Parasitology

Clinical Virology

Agents of Bioterror

Biofilms: Architects of Disease

Upper and Lower Respiratory Tract Infections

Skin and Soft Tissue Infections

Gastrointestinal Infections and Food Poisoning

Infections of the Central Nervous System

Bacteremia and Sepsis

Urinary Tract Infections

Genital Infections and Sexually Transmitted Diseases

Infections in Special Populations

Zoonotic Diseases

Ocular Infections

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