Exam 5: Consciousness

In the latent learning study described in the text, the rats that were reinforced only during the latter portion of the experiment would be considered a control group.

Higher order conditioning occurs when:

A scientist conditions a dog to salivate in response to the sound of a tone. The researcher continues to present the tone, but gives the dog no food. Eventually, the dog stops salivating to the tone. The dog is demonstrating:

In the process called shaping, behaviors eventually disappear when they are no longer reinforced.

June's cat runs to the kitchen at the sound of the electric can opener, but not when a blender is used. June's cat is demonstrating stimulus:

One characteristic of interval schedules of reinforcement is that there is little responding immediately following the delivery of reinforcement.

The more television children watch, the more likely they are to show antisocial behavior as young adults.

Adam was stung by a bee. Now he is frightened not only of bees but of all flying insects. This example illustrates:

Poisoned or spoiled food is a powerful CS.

Learning that occurs internally and is expressed behaviorally only when there is sufficient motivation to do so is called _____ learning.

Garrett was stung by a bee. Now he is frightened not only of bees but also of wasps and hornets. However, he is not afraid of flies and mosquitos. This example illustrates:

Arachnophobic Joanie practices positive visualization when she sees spiders; her visualizations function as CSs.

Studying is usually reinforced on a continuous schedule.

Negative punishment ____ behavior. Negative reinforcement _____ behavior.

Tolman and Honzik's latent learning experiment showed that reinforcement may not always be necessary for learning to occur.

Only humans appear capable of acquiring new behaviors through observational learning.

The results of Tolman and Honzik's latent learning experiment confirmed a strict Skinnerian view of learning.

Pavlov is to Thorndike as dog is to cat.

In classical conditioning, how are the neutral stimulus and the CS related?

Ava is wheeling her toddler, Jamie, through the supermarket after a long and tiring day. When Jamie begins to fuss, Ava scolds her sharply; Jamie's fussing subsides. Which statement is False?