Question 1

The distributive justice principle states that everyone should receive the same rewards in life.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

It is often difficult to maintain feelings of equity among employees because

Accepted Answer

A) most employees don't know about feelings of equity. 
B) each employee has different opinions regarding which inputs should be rewarded and which outcomes are more valuable than others. 
C) most employees feel inequitably treated no matter how much they receive for their work effort. 
D) the equity theory model does not apply to non-management employees. 
E) All of the answers are correct. 
A) most employees don't know about feelings of equity. 
B) each employee has different opinions regarding which inputs should be rewarded and which outcomes are more valuable than others. 
C) most employees feel inequitably treated no matter how much they receive for their work effort. 
D) the equity theory model does not apply to non-management employees. 
E) All of the answers are correct.

Question 3

After discovering the cause of a computer network problem, Jessie rewards herself by taking a coffee break. Jessie's action of taking a break is an example of:

Accepted Answer

A) learning through experience. 
B) learning through feedback. 
C) behaviour modelling. 
D) self-reinforcement. 
E) poor performance. 
A) learning through experience. 
B) learning through feedback. 
C) behaviour modelling. 
D) self-reinforcement. 
E) poor performance.

Question 4

Axel demands loyalty from employees and gains satisfaction from controlling people.His actions don't seem to benefit the organization; rather, he does this to advance his own career and for the enjoyment of influencing others. Based on this information, it is most accurate to say that Axel has a:

Accepted Answer

A) high need for personalized power. 
B) low need for achievement. 
C) high need for affiliation. 
D) low need for personalized power. 
E) high need for socialized power. 
A) high need for personalized power. 
B) low need for achievement. 
C) high need for affiliation. 
D) low need for personalized power. 
E) high need for socialized power.

Question 5

Everyone has the same drives; they are hardwired in us through evolution.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

People with a high need for achievement tend to avoid risks and prefer working in teams.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

According to social cognitive theory, people can reinforce their own behaviour.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Punishment decreases the frequency of future behaviour whereas negative reinforcement increases or maintains the frequency of future behaviour.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Comment on the accuracy of the following statement:
'According to goal-setting theory,performance increases with the level of goal difficulty.'

Accepted Answer

This statement is generally correct, but

Question 10

According to four-drive theory, social norms, past experience, and personal values translate emotional signals into goal-directed effort.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

The A-B-C model of behaviour modification helps us to

Accepted Answer

A) understand how experiential learning differs from social learning. 
B) teach language skills to employees more effectively. 
C) understand how environmental conditions influence learning and behaviour. 
D) determine which schedule of reinforcement is best in a particular situation. 
E) determine which contingency of reinforcement is best in a particular situation. 
A) understand how experiential learning differs from social learning. 
B) teach language skills to employees more effectively. 
C) understand how environmental conditions influence learning and behaviour. 
D) determine which schedule of reinforcement is best in a particular situation. 
E) determine which contingency of reinforcement is best in a particular situation.

Question 12

According to learned needs theory, people with a high personalized need for power enjoy power for its own sake and use it to advance their career rather than to benefit others.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Which of the following needs is NOT explicitly stated in Maslow's needs hierarchy theory?

Accepted Answer

A) Growth needs 
B) Self-actualization 
C) Need for safety 
D) Physiological needs 
E) Psychological needs 
A) Growth needs 
B) Self-actualization 
C) Need for safety 
D) Physiological needs 
E) Psychological needs

Question 14

According to expectancy theory, a reward that is not wanted has

Accepted Answer

A) a negative outcome valence. 
B) an inappropriate comparison other. 
C) a low P-to-O expectancy. 
D) a high E-to-P expectancy. 
E) a low need for socialized power. 
A) a negative outcome valence. 
B) an inappropriate comparison other. 
C) a low P-to-O expectancy. 
D) a high E-to-P expectancy. 
E) a low need for socialized power.

Question 15

Which of these statements about behaviour modification is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A) Behaviour modification considers the contingencies and schedules of reinforcement. 
B) Behaviour modification theory argues that employee beliefs and attitudes cause behaviour. 
C) A-B-C analysis considers what happens before and after the behaviour. 
D) Behaviour modification programs are most effectively implemented where work behaviour is observable. 
E) The reinforcer used in some behaviour modification programs tends to lose its effectiveness over time. 
A) Behaviour modification considers the contingencies and schedules of reinforcement. 
B) Behaviour modification theory argues that employee beliefs and attitudes cause behaviour. 
C) A-B-C analysis considers what happens before and after the behaviour. 
D) Behaviour modification programs are most effectively implemented where work behaviour is observable. 
E) The reinforcer used in some behaviour modification programs tends to lose its effectiveness over time.

Question 16

Jack Smith and Sam Clemens are neighbours who work as purchasing managers in different companies in the petrochemical industry. During one neighbourly discussion, Jack learned that Sam's salary was nearly 15 per cent higher than his even though their job duties were similar. Other than this difference, both received similar benefits and seemed to enjoy their jobs and colleagues. Jack was upset about Sam's higher salary, although he hid his emotions from Sam. (After all, it wasn't Sam's fault that they received different salary levels.) Jack was frustrated not only because Sam received a significantly higher salary, but also because Jack was certain that he worked longer hours and was more productive than Sam. Use the equity theory model to explain Jack's frustration.

Accepted Answer

This incident provides a clear example o

Question 17

According to four-drive theory, organizations maximize motivation by focusing employees on opportunities to fulfill only one of the four drives.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Needs hierarchy theory explains how people develop perceptions of fairness in the distribution and exchange of resources.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Behavioural modelling and self-reinforcement are components of

Accepted Answer

A) tacit knowledge. 
B) behaviour modification. 
C) organizational citizenship. 
D) the MARS model of individual behaviour and performance. 
E) social cognitive theory. 
A) tacit knowledge. 
B) behaviour modification. 
C) organizational citizenship. 
D) the MARS model of individual behaviour and performance. 
E) social cognitive theory.

Question 20

In behaviour modification, the variable ratio schedule

Accepted Answer

A) reinforces behaviour after it occurs a varying length of time. 
B) occurs when employees receive their biweekly pay cheque. 
C) reinforces behaviour after it occurs a varying number of times. 
D) rewards behaviour continuously rather than infrequently. 
E) All of the answers are correct. 
A) reinforces behaviour after it occurs a varying length of time. 
B) occurs when employees receive their biweekly pay cheque. 
C) reinforces behaviour after it occurs a varying number of times. 
D) rewards behaviour continuously rather than infrequently. 
E) All of the answers are correct.

The distributive justice principle states that everyone should receive the same rewards in life.

It is often difficult to maintain feelings of equity among employees because

After discovering the cause of a computer network problem, Jessie rewards herself by taking a coffee break. Jessie's action of taking a break is an example of:

Axel demands loyalty from employees and gains satisfaction from controlling people.His actions don't seem to benefit the organization; rather, he does this to advance his own career and for the enjoyment of influencing others. Based on this information, it is most accurate to say that Axel has a:

Everyone has the same drives; they are hardwired in us through evolution.

People with a high need for achievement tend to avoid risks and prefer working in teams.

According to social cognitive theory, people can reinforce their own behaviour.

Punishment decreases the frequency of future behaviour whereas negative reinforcement increases or maintains the frequency of future behaviour.

Comment on the accuracy of the following statement: 'According to goal-setting theory,performance increases with the level of goal difficulty.'

According to four-drive theory, social norms, past experience, and personal values translate emotional signals into goal-directed effort.

The A-B-C model of behaviour modification helps us to

According to learned needs theory, people with a high personalized need for power enjoy power for its own sake and use it to advance their career rather than to benefit others.

Which of the following needs is NOT explicitly stated in Maslow's needs hierarchy theory?

According to expectancy theory, a reward that is not wanted has

Which of these statements about behaviour modification is FALSE?

According to four-drive theory, organizations maximize motivation by focusing employees on opportunities to fulfill only one of the four drives.

Needs hierarchy theory explains how people develop perceptions of fairness in the distribution and exchange of resources.

Behavioural modelling and self-reinforcement are components of

In behaviour modification, the variable ratio schedule

Introduction to the Field of Organizational Behaviour

Individual Behaviour

Perceiving Ourselves and Others in Organizations

Workplace Emotions

Applied Performance Practices

Decision Making and Creativity

Team Dynamics

Communicating in Organizations

Power and Influence in the Workplace

Conflict and Negotiation in the Workplace

Leadership in Organizational Settings

Designing Organizational Structures

Organizational Culture

Organizational Change

Filters

Exam 5: Foundations of Employee Motivation

The distributive justice principle states that everyone should receive the same rewards in life.

It is often difficult to maintain feelings of equity among employees because

After discovering the cause of a computer network problem, Jessie rewards herself by taking a coffee break. Jessie's action of taking a break is an example of:

Axel demands loyalty from employees and gains satisfaction from controlling people.His actions don't seem to benefit the organization; rather, he does this to advance his own career and for the enjoyment of influencing others. Based on this information, it is most accurate to say that Axel has a:

Everyone has the same drives; they are hardwired in us through evolution.

People with a high need for achievement tend to avoid risks and prefer working in teams.

According to social cognitive theory, people can reinforce their own behaviour.

Punishment decreases the frequency of future behaviour whereas negative reinforcement increases or maintains the frequency of future behaviour.

Comment on the accuracy of the following statement: 'According to goal-setting theory,performance increases with the level of goal difficulty.'

According to four-drive theory, social norms, past experience, and personal values translate emotional signals into goal-directed effort.

The A-B-C model of behaviour modification helps us to

According to learned needs theory, people with a high personalized need for power enjoy power for its own sake and use it to advance their career rather than to benefit others.

Which of the following needs is NOT explicitly stated in Maslow's needs hierarchy theory?

According to expectancy theory, a reward that is not wanted has

Which of these statements about behaviour modification is FALSE?

According to four-drive theory, organizations maximize motivation by focusing employees on opportunities to fulfill only one of the four drives.

Needs hierarchy theory explains how people develop perceptions of fairness in the distribution and exchange of resources.

Behavioural modelling and self-reinforcement are components of

In behaviour modification, the variable ratio schedule

Introduction to the Field of Organizational Behaviour

Individual Behaviour

Perceiving Ourselves and Others in Organizations

Workplace Emotions

Applied Performance Practices

Decision Making and Creativity

Team Dynamics

Communicating in Organizations

Power and Influence in the Workplace

Conflict and Negotiation in the Workplace

Leadership in Organizational Settings

Designing Organizational Structures

Organizational Culture

Organizational Change

Filters