Question 1

Leadership is the inner state that causes an individual to behave in a way that ensures the accomplishment of some goal.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 2

The process of increasing the number of operations an individual performs in a job is ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  team management 
B)  job enlargement 
C)  job enrichment 
D)  cross training 
E)  job rotation 
A)  team management 
B)  job enlargement 
C)  job enrichment 
D)  cross training 
E)  job rotation B

Question 3

Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs has been criticized because ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  it is questionable whether human needs can be arranged in such a hierarchy 
B)  the model is too complicated 
C)  no one ever reaches self-actualization 
D)  research suggests that esteem needs should be above all other needs 
E)  it is too objective a description of human needs 
A)  it is questionable whether human needs can be arranged in such a hierarchy 
B)  the model is too complicated 
C)  no one ever reaches self-actualization 
D)  research suggests that esteem needs should be above all other needs 
E)  it is too objective a description of human needs A

Question 4

In Alderfer's ERG theory, the need for continuing personal development refers to the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  growth need 
B)  emotional need 
C)  existence need 
D)  relatedness need 
E)  esteem need 
A)  growth need 
B)  emotional need 
C)  existence need 
D)  relatedness need 
E)  esteem need

Question 5

________ focuses on encouraging appropriate actions by controlling the consequences of those actions.

Accepted Answer

A)  Job enrichment 
B)  Needs-goal theory 
C)  Behavior modification 
D)  Reinforcement 
E)  Flextime 
A)  Job enrichment 
B)  Needs-goal theory 
C)  Behavior modification 
D)  Reinforcement 
E)  Flextime

Question 6

A disadvantage of using flextime programs is ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  higher commuting problems 
B)  decreased tardiness 
C)  inability to coordinate projects 
D)  increased absenteeism 
E)  decreased employee morale 
A)  higher commuting problems 
B)  decreased tardiness 
C)  inability to coordinate projects 
D)  increased absenteeism 
E)  decreased employee morale

Question 7

When an individual leaves an organization to start up a company because the former did not provide room for the growth or development of his potential, Maslow's theory would predict that the individual is being motivated by ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  self-actualization needs 
B)  esteem needs 
C)  social needs 
D)  security needs 
E)  physiological needs 
A)  self-actualization needs 
B)  esteem needs 
C)  social needs 
D)  security needs 
E)  physiological needs

Question 8

Theory X is a set of essentially positive assumptions about human nature.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Rolfo Company offers its employees the opportunity to buy shares of the company stock as a way to motivate them to boost production. This kind of a program is called ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  job enrichment 
B)  self-actualization 
C)  employee stock ownership plans (ESOP) 
D)  an individual retirement account (IR
A)  
E)  a non-monetary incentive 
A)  job enrichment 
B)  self-actualization 
C)  employee stock ownership plans (ESOP) 
D)  an individual retirement account (IR
A)  
E)  a non-monetary incentive

Question 10

Most job rotation programs are ineffective as motivation strategies as people become bored with all the jobs they are rotated into.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

In a non-profit public setting of a high school, a principal who strives to outdo her predecessors and become the best principal possible would be satisfying his ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  psychological needs 
B)  esteem needs 
C)  social needs 
D)  self-actualization needs 
E)  physiological needs 
A)  psychological needs 
B)  esteem needs 
C)  social needs 
D)  self-actualization needs 
E)  physiological needs

Question 12

The ________ need of Maslow's hierarchy of needs is generally divided into two categories: self-respect and respect from others.

Accepted Answer

A)  esteem 
B)  psychological 
C)  physiological 
D)  social 
E)  self-actualization 
A)  esteem 
B)  psychological 
C)  physiological 
D)  social 
E)  self-actualization

Question 13

According to the Vroom expectancy theory, motivation strength ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  depends on an individual's perceived fairness of an employment situation and finds that perceived inequities can lead to changes in behavior 
B)  is decreased as the perceived value of the result of behavior is increased 
C)  causes people to quit jobs if they perceive unfair treatment 
D)  is determined by the perceived value of the result of performing a behavior and the perceived probability the behavior will cause the result to materialize 
E)  only increases when people want to maximize their personal rewards over the short term 
A)  depends on an individual's perceived fairness of an employment situation and finds that perceived inequities can lead to changes in behavior 
B)  is decreased as the perceived value of the result of behavior is increased 
C)  causes people to quit jobs if they perceive unfair treatment 
D)  is determined by the perceived value of the result of performing a behavior and the perceived probability the behavior will cause the result to materialize 
E)  only increases when people want to maximize their personal rewards over the short term

Question 14

According to Argyris' continuum, as individuals progress from immaturity to maturity, they ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  indulge in more activities 
B)  have a short-term perspective 
C)  have casual and shallow interests 
D)  stay in a state of dependence 
E)  remain passive 
A)  indulge in more activities 
B)  have a short-term perspective 
C)  have casual and shallow interests 
D)  stay in a state of dependence 
E)  remain passive

Question 15

________ is an explanation of motivation that emphasizes how individuals are motivated.

Accepted Answer

A)  A content theory of motivation 
B)  Behavior modification theory 
C)  A process theory of motivation 
D)  ERG theory 
E)  Theory X 
A)  A content theory of motivation 
B)  Behavior modification theory 
C)  A process theory of motivation 
D)  ERG theory 
E)  Theory X

Question 16

The theory which stresses on the fact that the perceived value of a reward is determined by both intrinsic and extrinsic rewards is ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  Porter-Lawler theory of motivation 
B)  equity theory 
C)  expectancy theory 
D)  acquired need theory 
E)  needs-goal theory 
A)  Porter-Lawler theory of motivation 
B)  equity theory 
C)  expectancy theory 
D)  acquired need theory 
E)  needs-goal theory

Question 17

According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, once someone has fulfilled his social needs, he would then be motivated to meet his ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  security needs 
B)  self-actualization needs 
C)  esteem needs 
D)  physiological needs 
E)  safety needs 
A)  security needs 
B)  self-actualization needs 
C)  esteem needs 
D)  physiological needs 
E)  safety needs

Question 18

In Maslow's hierarchy of needs, a social need ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  relates to the individual's desire to be free from harm 
B)  is concerned with the desire for respect 
C)  includes the desire for love, companionship, and friendship 
D)  relates to the normal functioning of the body 
E)  refers to the desire to maximize whatever potential an individual possesses 
A)  relates to the individual's desire to be free from harm 
B)  is concerned with the desire for respect 
C)  includes the desire for love, companionship, and friendship 
D)  relates to the normal functioning of the body 
E)  refers to the desire to maximize whatever potential an individual possesses

Question 19

Which theory is a set of essentially positive assumptions about human nature?

Accepted Answer

A)  theory X 
B)  theory Y 
C)  theory Z 
D)  equity theory 
E)  expectancy theory 
A)  theory X 
B)  theory Y 
C)  theory Z 
D)  equity theory 
E)  expectancy theory

Question 20

The most fundamental motivation theory that begins with an individual feeling a need is ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  ERG theory 
B)  equity theory 
C)  Herzberg's two-factor theory 
D)  needs-goal theory 
E)  Porter-Lawler theory 
A)  ERG theory 
B)  equity theory 
C)  Herzberg's two-factor theory 
D)  needs-goal theory 
E)  Porter-Lawler theory

Exam 14: Motivation

Leadership is the inner state that causes an individual to behave in a way that ensures the accomplishment of some goal.

The process of increasing the number of operations an individual performs in a job is ________.

Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs has been criticized because ________.

In Alderfer's ERG theory, the need for continuing personal development refers to the ________.

________ focuses on encouraging appropriate actions by controlling the consequences of those actions.

A disadvantage of using flextime programs is ________.

When an individual leaves an organization to start up a company because the former did not provide room for the growth or development of his potential, Maslow's theory would predict that the individual is being motivated by ________.

Theory X is a set of essentially positive assumptions about human nature.

Rolfo Company offers its employees the opportunity to buy shares of the company stock as a way to motivate them to boost production. This kind of a program is called ________.

Most job rotation programs are ineffective as motivation strategies as people become bored with all the jobs they are rotated into.

In a non-profit public setting of a high school, a principal who strives to outdo her predecessors and become the best principal possible would be satisfying his ________.

The ________ need of Maslow's hierarchy of needs is generally divided into two categories: self-respect and respect from others.

According to the Vroom expectancy theory, motivation strength ________.

According to Argyris' continuum, as individuals progress from immaturity to maturity, they ________.

________ is an explanation of motivation that emphasizes how individuals are motivated.

The theory which stresses on the fact that the perceived value of a reward is determined by both intrinsic and extrinsic rewards is ________.

According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, once someone has fulfilled his social needs, he would then be motivated to meet his ________.

In Maslow's hierarchy of needs, a social need ________.

Which theory is a set of essentially positive assumptions about human nature?

The most fundamental motivation theory that begins with an individual feeling a need is ________.

Principles of Modern Management: Concepts and Skills

Managers, Society, and Sustainability

Management and Diversity

Managing in the Global Arena

Plans and Planning Tools

Making Decisions

Strategic Planning: Strategies, Tactics, and Competitive Dynamics

Fundamentals of Organizing

Responsibility, Authority, and Delegation

Human Resource Management

Organizational Change: Stress, Conflict and Virtuality

Influencing and Communication

Leadership

Groups and Teams

Managing Organization Culture

Controlling, Information, and Technology

Production and Control

Appendix 1: Managing History and Current Thinking

Management and Entrepreneurship: Handling Start-Ups and New Ventures

Encouraging Creativity and Innovation

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