Question 1

Drugs that antagonize (block)the H1 subtype of histamine receptors

Accepted Answer

A)  are effective in treating gastric ulcers 
B)  are effective in treating sedation 
C)  are known as antihistamines 
D)  all the above are true 
E)  A and B only are true 
A)  are effective in treating gastric ulcers 
B)  are effective in treating sedation 
C)  are known as antihistamines 
D)  all the above are true 
E)  A and B only are true C

Question 2

Which of the following drugs will promote bronchodilation?

Accepted Answer

A)  drugs that stimulate acetylcholine receptors on airway smooth muscle 
B)  drugs that block (antagonize) beta-2 receptors on airway smooth muscle 
C)  xanthine derivatives such as theophylline 
D)  all of these drugs cause bronchodilation 
E)  none of these drugs cause bronchodilation 
A)  drugs that stimulate acetylcholine receptors on airway smooth muscle 
B)  drugs that block (antagonize) beta-2 receptors on airway smooth muscle 
C)  xanthine derivatives such as theophylline 
D)  all of these drugs cause bronchodilation 
E)  none of these drugs cause bronchodilation C

Question 3

Most common nasal decongestants act by _____ receptors in the nasal mucosa.

Accepted Answer

A)  stimulating alpha-1 
B)  inhibiting alpha-1 
C)  stimulating beta-1 
D)  inhibiting beta-1 
E)  stimulating histamine 
A)  stimulating alpha-1 
B)  inhibiting alpha-1 
C)  stimulating beta-1 
D)  inhibiting beta-1 
E)  stimulating histamine A

Question 4

Overuse of beta agonists should be avoided in people with bronchospastic disease because

Accepted Answer

A)  excessive use of these drugs may cause tolerance 
B)  excessive use may stimulate the cardiovascular and central nervous systems 
C)  excessive use of these drugs may promote airway irritation, thus increasing the incidence and severity of bronchospastic attacks 
D)  all the above are true 
E)  none of the above are true 
A)  excessive use of these drugs may cause tolerance 
B)  excessive use may stimulate the cardiovascular and central nervous systems 
C)  excessive use of these drugs may promote airway irritation, thus increasing the incidence and severity of bronchospastic attacks 
D)  all the above are true 
E)  none of the above are true

Question 5

High doses and prolonged or excessive use of nasal decongestants is potentially harmful because these drugs

Accepted Answer

A)  can increase heart rate 
B)  can increase blood pressure 
C)  can mimic the effects of the sympathetic nervous system 
D)  all the above are true 
E)  none of the above are true 
A)  can increase heart rate 
B)  can increase blood pressure 
C)  can mimic the effects of the sympathetic nervous system 
D)  all the above are true 
E)  none of the above are true

Question 6

Drugs that decrease the viscosity of respiratory secretions are known commonly as _______,whereas drugs that facilitate the production and ejection of mucus are known commonly as ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  expectorants; mucolytics 
B)  mucolytics; expectorants 
C)  antihistamines; bronchodilators 
D)  bronchodilators; antihistamines 
E)  antitussives; anticholinergics 
A)  expectorants; mucolytics 
B)  mucolytics; expectorants 
C)  antihistamines; bronchodilators 
D)  bronchodilators; antihistamines 
E)  antitussives; anticholinergics

Question 7

To minimize the muscle wasting,bone loss,and other serious side effects associated with anti-inflammatory steroids (glucocortocioids),it is preferred that these drugs be administered _____ to control airway inflammation in asthma and COPD.

Accepted Answer

A)  orally 
B)  intramuscularly 
C)  subcutaneously 
D)  transcutaneosuly 
E)  by inhalation 
A)  orally 
B)  intramuscularly 
C)  subcutaneously 
D)  transcutaneosuly 
E)  by inhalation

Question 8

Newer "second-generation" antihistamines such as cetirizine (Zyrtec)and desloratidine (Clarinex)may be preferred to traditional antihistamines because these newer drugs

Accepted Answer

A)  cross the blood brain barrier more easily than traditional drugs 
B)  produce less gastric irritation than traditional drugs 
C)  bind to more subtypes of histamine receptors (i.e., newer drugs are less selective for the H1 receptor subtype) 
D)  all the above are true 
E)  none of the above are true 
A)  cross the blood brain barrier more easily than traditional drugs 
B)  produce less gastric irritation than traditional drugs 
C)  bind to more subtypes of histamine receptors (i.e., newer drugs are less selective for the H1 receptor subtype) 
D)  all the above are true 
E)  none of the above are true

Question 9

Drugs that inhibit the production or effects of leukotrienes are helpful in treating bronchospastic disease because

Accepted Answer

A)  leukotrienes are especially important in mediating the airway inflammation that underlies bronchoconstrictive disease 
B)  these drugs can be combined with other drugs (glucocorticoids, beta agonists) to provide optimal management in specific patients with asthma and COPD 
C)  these drugs are generally safe and well tolerated 
D)  all the above are true 
E)  none of the above are true; drugs that inhibit the production or effects of leukotrienes are not helpful in treating bronchospastic disease 
A)  leukotrienes are especially important in mediating the airway inflammation that underlies bronchoconstrictive disease 
B)  these drugs can be combined with other drugs (glucocorticoids, beta agonists) to provide optimal management in specific patients with asthma and COPD 
C)  these drugs are generally safe and well tolerated 
D)  all the above are true 
E)  none of the above are true; drugs that inhibit the production or effects of leukotrienes are not helpful in treating bronchospastic disease

Question 10

To selectively produce bronchodilation,a drug should _____ receptors in airway smooth muscle

Accepted Answer

A)  stimulate beta-1 
B)  inhibit beta-1 
C)  stimulate beta-2 
D)  inhibit beta-2 
E)  stimulate alpha-1 
A)  stimulate beta-1 
B)  inhibit beta-1 
C)  stimulate beta-2 
D)  inhibit beta-2 
E)  stimulate alpha-1

Question 11

Cromones such as cromolyn sodium and nedocromil sodium can help prevent airway irritation and bronchospasm in people with asthma by

Accepted Answer

A)  inhibiting acetylcholine release from airway smooth muscle 
B)  stimulating histamine receptors on airway smooth muscle 
C)  blocking histamine receptors on airway smooth muscle 
D)  inhibiting the release of inflammatory mediators such as histamine and leukotrienes from pulmonary mast cells 
E)  enhancing the release of endogenous anti-inflammatory substances such as cortisol from the adrenal cortex 
A)  inhibiting acetylcholine release from airway smooth muscle 
B)  stimulating histamine receptors on airway smooth muscle 
C)  blocking histamine receptors on airway smooth muscle 
D)  inhibiting the release of inflammatory mediators such as histamine and leukotrienes from pulmonary mast cells 
E)  enhancing the release of endogenous anti-inflammatory substances such as cortisol from the adrenal cortex

Question 12

Treatment of bronchospasm in conditions like asthma are often treated with commercial products that combine ____ with _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  an anti-inflammatory steroid; a beta-2 receptor antagonist 
B)  an anti-inflammatory steroid; a beta-2 receptor agonist 
C)  a beta-2 receptor agonist; an acetylcholine agonist 
D)  an acetylcholine agonist; a beta-2 receptor antagonist 
E)  a leukotriene blocker; a beta-2 receptor antagonist 
A)  an anti-inflammatory steroid; a beta-2 receptor antagonist 
B)  an anti-inflammatory steroid; a beta-2 receptor agonist 
C)  a beta-2 receptor agonist; an acetylcholine agonist 
D)  an acetylcholine agonist; a beta-2 receptor antagonist 
E)  a leukotriene blocker; a beta-2 receptor antagonist

Question 13

The primary associated problem with most traditional sedative and antihistamine medications is

Accepted Answer

A)  increased coughing 
B)  watery eyes 
C)  runny nose 
D)  gastric ulcers 
E)  sedation 
A)  increased coughing 
B)  watery eyes 
C)  runny nose 
D)  gastric ulcers 
E)  sedation

Exam 26: Respiratory Drugs

Drugs that antagonize (block)the H1 subtype of histamine receptors

Which of the following drugs will promote bronchodilation?

Most common nasal decongestants act by _____ receptors in the nasal mucosa.

Overuse of beta agonists should be avoided in people with bronchospastic disease because

High doses and prolonged or excessive use of nasal decongestants is potentially harmful because these drugs

Drugs that decrease the viscosity of respiratory secretions are known commonly as _______,whereas drugs that facilitate the production and ejection of mucus are known commonly as ________.

To minimize the muscle wasting,bone loss,and other serious side effects associated with anti-inflammatory steroids (glucocortocioids),it is preferred that these drugs be administered _____ to control airway inflammation in asthma and COPD.

Newer "second-generation" antihistamines such as cetirizine (Zyrtec)and desloratidine (Clarinex)may be preferred to traditional antihistamines because these newer drugs

Drugs that inhibit the production or effects of leukotrienes are helpful in treating bronchospastic disease because

To selectively produce bronchodilation,a drug should _____ receptors in airway smooth muscle

Cromones such as cromolyn sodium and nedocromil sodium can help prevent airway irritation and bronchospasm in people with asthma by

Treatment of bronchospasm in conditions like asthma are often treated with commercial products that combine ____ with _____.

The primary associated problem with most traditional sedative and antihistamine medications is

Basic Principles of Pharmacology

Pharmacokinetics IDrug Administration,Absorption,and Distribution

Pharmacokinetics II: Drug Elimination

Drug Receptors

General Principles of Central Nervous System Pharmacology

Sedative Hypnotic and Anti-anxiety Agents

Drugs to Treat Affective Disorders Depression and Bipolar Syndrome

Antipsychotic Drugs

Antiepileptic Drugs

Pharmacologic Management of Parkinson Disease

General Anesthetics

Local Anesthetics

Skeletal Muscle Relaxants

Opioid Analgesics

Non-steroidal Anti Inflammatory Drugs

Pharmacologic Management of Rheumatoid Arthritis and Osteoarthritis

Patient Controlled Analgesia

Introduction to Autonomic Pharmacology

Cholinergic Drugs

Adrenergic Drugs

Antihypertensive Drugs

Treatment of Angina Pectoris

Treatment of Cardiac Arrhythmias

Treatment of Congestive Heart Failure

Treatment of Coagulation Disorders and Hyperlipidemia

Gastrointestinal Drugs

Introduction to Endocrine Pharmacology

Adrenocorticosteroids

Male and Female Hormones

Thyroid and Parathyroid Drugs: Agents Affecting Bone Mineralization

Pancreatic Hormones and the Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus

Treatment of Infections I: Antibacterial Drugs

Treatment of Infections II: Antiviral Drugs

Treatment of Infections III: Antifungal and Antiparasitic Drugs

Cancer Chemotherapy

Immunomodulating Agents

Filters

Drugs that decrease the viscosity of respiratory secretions are known commonly as _,whereas drugs that facilitate the production and ejection of mucus are known commonly as __.

Treatment of bronchospasm in conditions like asthma are often treated with commercial products that combine with _.