Question 1

Instructions: Please write a thorough, well-organized essay to answer each question. Analyze the fundamental concepts of Fascism.

Accepted Answer

Fascism is a political ideology that eme

Question 2

The kulaks were

Accepted Answer

A) large farms owned by the state and staffed by formerly independent peasants. 
B) well-to-do peasants targeted as "enemies of the people" during collectivization. 
C) local officials responsible for enforcing collectivization. 
D) forced-labor camps for rebellious peasants during collectivization. 
E) none of the above 
A) large farms owned by the state and staffed by formerly independent peasants. 
B) well-to-do peasants targeted as "enemies of the people" during collectivization. 
C) local officials responsible for enforcing collectivization. 
D) forced-labor camps for rebellious peasants during collectivization. 
E) none of the above

Question 3

Instructions: Please write a thorough, well-organized essay to answer each question. Why did some of the peoples of Europe celebrate Fascism? What conditions of the 1920s and 1930s allowed Fascism to gain cultural and political currency?

Accepted Answer

The celebration of Fascism in Europe dur

Question 4

Events in Kronstadt in 1921 were associated with

Accepted Answer

A) a naval and workers' revolt against the Communists. 
B) a prolonged miners' strike. 
C) the arrival of U.S. forces to aid the White armies. 
D) a valiant defense against the Polish army. 
E) the last attempt of the Whites in the Russian Civil War. 
A) a naval and workers' revolt against the Communists. 
B) a prolonged miners' strike. 
C) the arrival of U.S. forces to aid the White armies. 
D) a valiant defense against the Polish army. 
E) the last attempt of the Whites in the Russian Civil War.

Question 5

The Great Depression included all the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A) the Stock Market crash when the bubble in stock speculation burst. 
B) hyperinflation when money became almost worthless. 
C) a chain reaction of business cutbacks and soaring unemployment. 
D) a sharp decline of American investment in Europe. 
E) Roosevelt's New Deal to stimulate growth through government intervention on the economy. 
A) the Stock Market crash when the bubble in stock speculation burst. 
B) hyperinflation when money became almost worthless. 
C) a chain reaction of business cutbacks and soaring unemployment. 
D) a sharp decline of American investment in Europe. 
E) Roosevelt's New Deal to stimulate growth through government intervention on the economy.

Question 6

Fascism seemed to offer

Accepted Answer

A) action as opposed to endless and useless debate. 
B) a unity, community, of all classes as opposed to class conflict. 
C) decisiveness as opposed to the burden and futility of each person thinking for himself. 
D) preservation of traditional values such family, native soil, and nation as opposed to modernism and cosmopolitanism. 
E) all of the above 
A) action as opposed to endless and useless debate. 
B) a unity, community, of all classes as opposed to class conflict. 
C) decisiveness as opposed to the burden and futility of each person thinking for himself. 
D) preservation of traditional values such family, native soil, and nation as opposed to modernism and cosmopolitanism. 
E) all of the above

Question 7

Fascism grew from all the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A) the increasingly virulent nationalism of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. 
B) the irrationalism articulated by the intellectual elite and viscerally felt by the masses. 
C) a fear of Marxism and Bolshevism and a disgust with liberalism. 
D) a desire to rebuild community while not resorting to C ommunism. 
E) a renewed commitment for individual freedom. 
A) the increasingly virulent nationalism of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. 
B) the irrationalism articulated by the intellectual elite and viscerally felt by the masses. 
C) a fear of Marxism and Bolshevism and a disgust with liberalism. 
D) a desire to rebuild community while not resorting to C ommunism. 
E) a renewed commitment for individual freedom.

Question 8

Instructions: Please write a thorough, well-organized essay to answer each question. What types of economic difficulties faced Italy and Germany before the F ascist takeovers? Was there a radical shift in economic power structure as the Fascists and the Nazis responded to economic concerns when they achieved power?

Accepted Answer

Before the Fascist takeovers in Italy an

Question 9

Instructions: Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important? 
 collectivization

Accepted Answer

Collectivization was a policy implemente

Question 10

Charles Maurras, the founder of Action Française

Accepted Answer

A) sought a revitalization of France through the importation of foreign ideas. 
B) was a key supporter of the Third Republic. 
C) waged a campaign in support of Alfred Dreyfus. 
D) valued the France of the Old Regime. 
E) rejected Catholicism as damaging to the French national psyche. 
A) sought a revitalization of France through the importation of foreign ideas. 
B) was a key supporter of the Third Republic. 
C) waged a campaign in support of Alfred Dreyfus. 
D) valued the France of the Old Regime. 
E) rejected Catholicism as damaging to the French national psyche.

Question 11

The text argues that, of the Fascist regime in Italy, the National Socialist regime in Germany, and the Communist regime in the Soviet Union, the totalitarian state was most completely established in

Accepted Answer

A) Italy and Germany 
B) the Soviet Union alone 
C) Germany alone 
D) Germany, Italy, and the Soviet Union 
E) Germany and the Soviet Union 
A) Italy and Germany 
B) the Soviet Union alone 
C) Germany alone 
D) Germany, Italy, and the Soviet Union 
E) Germany and the Soviet Union

Question 12

Under the New Economic Policy, the Communists

Accepted Answer

A) confiscated the last remaining small businesses and peasant farms in Russia. 
B) gave up control of banks and the steel industry. 
C) funneled government investment toward consumer industries. 
D) allowed certain elements  of the economy to return to private hands. 
E) renewed W ar C ommunism. 
A) confiscated the last remaining small businesses and peasant farms in Russia. 
B) gave up control of banks and the steel industry. 
C) funneled government investment toward consumer industries. 
D) allowed certain elements  of the economy to return to private hands. 
E) renewed W ar C ommunism.

Question 13

Fascism condemned liberalism for all the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A) taking the spirit out of people and making them into materialistic creatures. 
B) creating mass mediocrity. 
C) ineffective, feeble government. 
D) eradicating greed and materialism. 
E) a decayed sense of nation. 
A) taking the spirit out of people and making them into materialistic creatures. 
B) creating mass mediocrity. 
C) ineffective, feeble government. 
D) eradicating greed and materialism. 
E) a decayed sense of nation.

Question 14

In the Bolshevik struggle against the Whites

Accepted Answer

A) the Whites were plagued by internal divisions . 
B) the Bolshevik s were unable to gain possession of interior communications. 
C) the Whites gained greater popular support . 
D) the German s intervened on behalf of  the Bolsheviks. 
E) the Whites were quickly able to shed their ​  ​ association with the defunct tsarist system. 
A) the Whites were plagued by internal divisions . 
B) the Bolshevik s were unable to gain possession of interior communications. 
C) the Whites gained greater popular support . 
D) the German s intervened on behalf of  the Bolsheviks. 
E) the Whites were quickly able to shed their ​  ​ association with the defunct tsarist system.

Question 15

What role did terror play in the building of Soviet society?

Accepted Answer

A) Terror was used against every group and eventually it was institutionalized and internalized. 
B) Only the upper echelons of the Party were spared the purges. 
C) Terror was only used mainly against party members who were weak or disloyal. 
D) Terror was used only during the Civil War and the collectivization campaigns. 
E) The use of terror was limited to external enemies. 
A) Terror was used against every group and eventually it was institutionalized and internalized. 
B) Only the upper echelons of the Party were spared the purges. 
C) Terror was only used mainly against party members who were weak or disloyal. 
D) Terror was used only during the Civil War and the collectivization campaigns. 
E) The use of terror was limited to external enemies.

Question 16

Which of the following is the most accurate summary of Hitler's ascent to power?

Accepted Answer

A) Hitler and his Brown Shirts threaten the German government with violence; the German government gave in and made Hitler Chancellor. 
B) Hitler was appointed Chancellor, after which the Nazis won the election and the Reichstag passed the Enabling Act, giving Hitler dictatorial power. The whole process was legal. 
C) Hitler was appointed Chancellor and as Chancellor, gave himself dictatorial powers. The legality of the action was questionable. 
D) Dissatisfied with the inability of the government to effectively deal with the Depression, the Reichstag fired Papen as Chancellor and appointed Hitler in his place. 
E) The Reichstag was hopelessly divided; therefore, President Hindenburg dissolved it and gave Hitler dictatorial powers. The entire process was legal. 
A) Hitler and his Brown Shirts threaten the German government with violence; the German government gave in and made Hitler Chancellor. 
B) Hitler was appointed Chancellor, after which the Nazis won the election and the Reichstag passed the Enabling Act, giving Hitler dictatorial power. The whole process was legal. 
C) Hitler was appointed Chancellor and as Chancellor, gave himself dictatorial powers. The legality of the action was questionable. 
D) Dissatisfied with the inability of the government to effectively deal with the Depression, the Reichstag fired Papen as Chancellor and appointed Hitler in his place. 
E) The Reichstag was hopelessly divided; therefore, President Hindenburg dissolved it and gave Hitler dictatorial powers. The entire process was legal.

Question 17

Hitler's main struggle was with the Jews to whom he attributed

Accepted Answer

A) individualism and conscience. 
B) liberalism and parliamentarianism. 
C) intellectualism and modern art. 
D) internationalism and C ommunism. 
E) all of the above 
A) individualism and conscience. 
B) liberalism and parliamentarianism. 
C) intellectualism and modern art. 
D) internationalism and C ommunism. 
E) all of the above

Question 18

Instructions: Please write a thorough, well-organized essay to answer each question. In what ways did totalitarian regimes pose a threat to the traditional values of Western civilization?​

Accepted Answer

Totalitarian regimes posed a significant

Question 19

Instructions: Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important? 
 Anschluss

Accepted Answer

Anschluss refers to the annexation of Au

Question 20

Which of the following is the best comparison of Nazi and Communist economic policies?

Accepted Answer

A) Both systems adopted a policy of coordination in which the state led the economy but did not control it. 
B) Both sought to rapidly expand the economy, but whereas the Communists eliminated private property, the Nazis left business in private hands but weakened private influence on the state. 
C) Both sought to rapidly expand the economy, but whereas the Communists eliminated class conflict, the Nazis thought such competition was healthy. 
D) The two systems differed only because the Germany was highly industrialized and the Soviet Union was not. 
E) As totalitarianism regimes, both took total control of their economies. 
A) Both systems adopted a policy of coordination in which the state led the economy but did not control it. 
B) Both sought to rapidly expand the economy, but whereas the Communists eliminated private property, the Nazis left business in private hands but weakened private influence on the state. 
C) Both sought to rapidly expand the economy, but whereas the Communists eliminated class conflict, the Nazis thought such competition was healthy. 
D) The two systems differed only because the Germany was highly industrialized and the Soviet Union was not. 
E) As totalitarianism regimes, both took total control of their economies.

Exam 29: An Era of Totalitarianism

Instructions: Please write a thorough, well-organized essay to answer each question. Analyze the fundamental concepts of Fascism.

The kulaks were

Instructions: Please write a thorough, well-organized essay to answer each question. Why did some of the peoples of Europe celebrate Fascism? What conditions of the 1920s and 1930s allowed Fascism to gain cultural and political currency?

Events in Kronstadt in 1921 were associated with

The Great Depression included all the following EXCEPT

Fascism seemed to offer

Fascism grew from all the following EXCEPT

Instructions: Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important? collectivization

Charles Maurras, the founder of Action Française

The text argues that, of the Fascist regime in Italy, the National Socialist regime in Germany, and the Communist regime in the Soviet Union, the totalitarian state was most completely established in

Under the New Economic Policy, the Communists

Fascism condemned liberalism for all the following EXCEPT

In the Bolshevik struggle against the Whites

What role did terror play in the building of Soviet society?

Which of the following is the most accurate summary of Hitler's ascent to power?

Hitler's main struggle was with the Jews to whom he attributed

Instructions: Please write a thorough, well-organized essay to answer each question. In what ways did totalitarian regimes pose a threat to the traditional values of Western civilization?​

Instructions: Please define the following key terms. Show Who? What? Where? When? Why Important? Anschluss

Which of the following is the best comparison of Nazi and Communist economic policies?

The Ancient Near East: The First Civilizations

The Hebrews: a New View of God and the Individual

The Greek City-State Democratic Politics

Greek Thought From Myth to Reason

The Hellenistic Age Cultural Diffusion

The Roman Republic City-State to World Empire

The Roman Empire a World-State

Early Christianity a World Religion

The Heirs of Rome Byzantium Islam and Latin Christendom

The High Middle Ages Vitality and Enewal

The Flowering of Medieval Culture the Christian Synthesis

The Late Middle Ages Crisis and Dissolution

The Renaissance Transition to the Modern Age

The Reformation the Shattering of Christian Unity

European Expansion Economic and Social Transformations

The Rise of Sovereignty Transition to the Modern State

The Scientific Revolution the Universe Seen As a Mechanism

The Age of Enlightenment Reason and Reform

The French Revolution the Affirmation of Liberty and Equality

The Industrial Revolution the Great Transformation

Thought and Culture in the Early Nineteenth Century

Revolution and Counterrevolution 1815-1848

Thought and Culture in the Mid-Nineteenth Century Realism and Social Criticism

The Surge of Nationalism From Liberal to Extreme Nationalism

The Industrial West Responses to Modernization

Imperialism Western Global Dominance

Modern Consciousness New Views of Nature Human Nature and the Arts

World War I the West in Despair

Thought and Culture in an Era of World Wars and Totalitarianism

World War II Western Civilization in the Balance

Europe After World War II Recovery and Realignment 1945-1989

The Troubled Present

Filters

Instructions: Please write a thorough, well-organized essay to answer each question. In what ways did totalitarian regimes pose a threat to the traditional values of Western civilization?