Question 1

Excessive kcalorie intake in COPD patients may:

Accepted Answer

A) increase respiratory distress. 
B) alter taste perception. 
C) interfere with drug therapy. 
D) increase gas formation. 
E) decreases carbon dioxide levels. 
A) increase respiratory distress. 
B) alter taste perception. 
C) interfere with drug therapy. 
D) increase gas formation. 
E) decreases carbon dioxide levels.

Question 2

John has been hospitalized with a severe infection in his foot. Increasing his intake of _____ may help to suppress the inflammation.

Accepted Answer

A) protein 
B) omega-3 fatty acids 
C) carbohydrate 
D) omega 6-fatty acids 
E) cytokines 
A) protein 
B) omega-3 fatty acids 
C) carbohydrate 
D) omega 6-fatty acids 
E) cytokines

Question 3

A patient is admitted to the ER with multiple gunshot wounds. The initial treatment includes:

Accepted Answer

A) beginning enteral nutrition. 
B) administering intravenous (IV)fluids. 
C) beginning PPN. 
D) referral to the dietitian. 
E) anti-inflammatory medications. 
A) beginning enteral nutrition. 
B) administering intravenous (IV)fluids. 
C) beginning PPN. 
D) referral to the dietitian. 
E) anti-inflammatory medications.

Question 4

Which amino acid may have beneficial effects on infection rates and wound healing in postoperative patients?

Accepted Answer

A) glutamine 
B) tyrosine 
C) arginine 
D) phenylalanine 
E) glycine 
A) glutamine 
B) tyrosine 
C) arginine 
D) phenylalanine 
E) glycine

Question 5

Which factor is not a cause of poor food intake in persons with severe COPD?

Accepted Answer

A) medications 
B) dyspnea 
C) lower energy needs 
D) change in taste perception 
E) loss of sense of smell 
A) medications 
B) dyspnea 
C) lower energy needs 
D) change in taste perception 
E) loss of sense of smell

Question 6

Alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency:

Accepted Answer

A) is an inherited disorder. 
B) accounts for the majority of cases of COPD. 
C) is detrimental only if the person is also a smoker. 
D) causes the production of excess mucus. 
E) inhibits oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange. 
A) is an inherited disorder. 
B) accounts for the majority of cases of COPD. 
C) is detrimental only if the person is also a smoker. 
D) causes the production of excess mucus. 
E) inhibits oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange.

Question 7

Describe the symptoms and complications associated with SIRS.

Accepted Answer

S ystemic inflammatory response syndrome

Question 8

Excessive energy intake in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)can worsen respiratory function.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Smoking is the primary risk factor in most cases of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Food intake declines as COPD progresses because:

Accepted Answer

A) changes in hormonal levels lead to early satiety. 
B) high levels of carbon dioxide affects muscle function. 
C) cortisol suppresses appetite. 
D) mucus production interferes with swallowing. 
E) dyspnea may interfere with swallowing. 
A) changes in hormonal levels lead to early satiety. 
B) high levels of carbon dioxide affects muscle function. 
C) cortisol suppresses appetite. 
D) mucus production interferes with swallowing. 
E) dyspnea may interfere with swallowing.

Question 11

All of these complications are associated with SIRS or sepsis EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A) tissue edema. 
B) low blood pressure. 
C) hypertriglyceridemia. 
D) impaired blood flow. 
E) decreased oxygen delivery to tissue. 
A) tissue edema. 
B) low blood pressure. 
C) hypertriglyceridemia. 
D) impaired blood flow. 
E) decreased oxygen delivery to tissue.

Question 12

During prolonged stress, cortisol causes all of these adverse effects EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A) muscle wasting. 
B) bone loss. 
C) impaired wound healing. 
D) hypoglycemia. 
E) skin thinning. 
A) muscle wasting. 
B) bone loss. 
C) impaired wound healing. 
D) hypoglycemia. 
E) skin thinning.

Question 13

What are the potential diet-drug interactions Caroline might experience?

Accepted Answer

​ Bronchodilators may increase gastric a

Question 14

Which condition gives the highest stress factor for an acute illness? ​

Accepted Answer

A) intensive care 
B) acute kidney injury 
C) burns 
D) acute inflammation 
E) acute pancreatitis 
A) intensive care 
B) acute kidney injury 
C) burns 
D) acute inflammation 
E) acute pancreatitis

Question 15

Which compound is produced by white blood cells and participates in the inflammatory process?

Accepted Answer

A) glucagon 
B) catecholamines 
C) cytokines 
D) cortisol 
E) histamine 
A) glucagon 
B) catecholamines 
C) cytokines 
D) cortisol 
E) histamine

Question 16

When pulmonary edema is present, a patient requires:

Accepted Answer

A) tube feeding. 
B) fluid restriction. 
C) increased fluids. 
D) decreased protein. 
E) increased ventilation. 
A) tube feeding. 
B) fluid restriction. 
C) increased fluids. 
D) decreased protein. 
E) increased ventilation.

Question 17

Laura is an intensive care, non-obese, acute stress patient. She weighs 150 pounds. What are Laura's approximate maximum daily protein needs?

Accepted Answer

A) 20 to 40 grams 
B) 50 to 60 grams 
C) 70 to 80 grams 
D) 80 to 135 grams 
E) 150 to 200 grams 
A) 20 to 40 grams 
B) 50 to 60 grams 
C) 70 to 80 grams 
D) 80 to 135 grams 
E) 150 to 200 grams

Question 18

The symptoms associated with the whole-body inflammatory response to severe illness are collectively called the systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS).

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Which substance is derived from dietary fatty acids?

Accepted Answer

A) cortisol 
B) eicosanoids 
C) antihistamines 
D) cytokines 
E) epinephrine 
A) cortisol 
B) eicosanoids 
C) antihistamines 
D) cytokines 
E) epinephrine

Question 20

Which method is used to measure the energy requirements for intensive care patients?

Accepted Answer

A) Mifflin-St. Jeor equation 
B) indirect calorimetry 
C) Penn State equation 
D) estimate needs using 15-20 kcalories/kg body weight 
E) lung function tests 
A) Mifflin-St. Jeor equation 
B) indirect calorimetry 
C) Penn State equation 
D) estimate needs using 15-20 kcalories/kg body weight 
E) lung function tests

Exam 24: Energy- and Protein-Modified Diets for Metabolic and Respiratory Stress

Excessive kcalorie intake in COPD patients may:

John has been hospitalized with a severe infection in his foot. Increasing his intake of _____ may help to suppress the inflammation.

A patient is admitted to the ER with multiple gunshot wounds. The initial treatment includes:

Which amino acid may have beneficial effects on infection rates and wound healing in postoperative patients?

Which factor is not a cause of poor food intake in persons with severe COPD?

Alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency:

Describe the symptoms and complications associated with SIRS.

Excessive energy intake in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)can worsen respiratory function.

Smoking is the primary risk factor in most cases of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Food intake declines as COPD progresses because:

All of these complications are associated with SIRS or sepsis EXCEPT:

During prolonged stress, cortisol causes all of these adverse effects EXCEPT:

What are the potential diet-drug interactions Caroline might experience?

Which condition gives the highest stress factor for an acute illness? ​

Which compound is produced by white blood cells and participates in the inflammatory process?

When pulmonary edema is present, a patient requires:

Laura is an intensive care, non-obese, acute stress patient. She weighs 150 pounds. What are Laura's approximate maximum daily protein needs?

The symptoms associated with the whole-body inflammatory response to severe illness are collectively called the systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS).

Which substance is derived from dietary fatty acids?

Which method is used to measure the energy requirements for intensive care patients?

Overview of Nutrition and Health

Carbohydrates

Lipids

Protein

Digestion and Absorption

Metabolism, Energy Balance, and Body Composition

Weight Management

The Vitamins

Water and the Minerals

Fitness and Nutrition

Nutrition Through the Life Span: Pregnancy and Lactation

Nutrition Through the Life Span: Infancy, Childhood, and Adolescence

Nutrition Through the Life Span: Later Adulthood

Illness and Nutrition Care

Medications, Diet-Drug Interactions, and Herbal Supplements

Specialized Nutrition Support: Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition

Foods and Food Consistency for Upper Gi Disorders

Fiber-Modified Diets for Lower Gastrointestinal Tract Disorders

Carbohydrate- and Fat-Modified Diets for Malabsorption Disorders

Nutrition Therapy for Liver and Gallbladder Diseases

Carbohydrate-Controlled Diets for Diabetes Mellitus

Fat-Controlled, Mineral-Modified Diets for Cardiovascular Diseases

Protein-, Mineral-, and Fluid-Modified Diets for Kidney Diseases

Energy- and Protein-Modified Diets for Cancer and Hiv Infection

Filters

Which condition gives the highest stress factor for an acute illness?