Question 1

Explain the differences between prerenal, intrarenal, and postrenal factors in the development of acute kidney disease.

Accepted Answer

Many disorders can lead to acute kidney

Question 2

One potential complication of hemodialysis is:

Accepted Answer

A)  blood clots. 
B)  insomnia. 
C)  edema. 
D)  hemochromatosis. 
E)  hypertension. 
A)  blood clots. 
B)  insomnia. 
C)  edema. 
D)  hemochromatosis. 
E)  hypertension.

Question 3

Furosemide (Lasix) is a drug used to:

Accepted Answer

A)  treat edema . 
B)  lower cholesterol. 
C)  prevent PEM. 
D)  activate vitamin D. 
E)  stimulate appetite. 
A)  treat edema . 
B)  lower cholesterol. 
C)  prevent PEM. 
D)  activate vitamin D. 
E)  stimulate appetite.

Question 4

What dietary components are restricted in patients who have nephrotic syndrome?

Accepted Answer

A)  v itamins A and D 
B)  f luids and sodium 
C)  c arbohydrate and fat 
D)  c alcium and phosphorus 
E)  s odium and protein 
A)  v itamins A and D 
B)  f luids and sodium 
C)  c arbohydrate and fat 
D)  c alcium and phosphorus 
E)  s odium and protein

Question 5

Low-protein diets for patients with chronic kidney disease supply less _____ than high-protein diets.

Accepted Answer

A)  sodium 
B)  phosphorous 
C)  potassium 
D)  vitamin B6 
E)  magnesium 
A)  sodium 
B)  phosphorous 
C)  potassium 
D)  vitamin B6 
E)  magnesium

Question 6

Calcium oxalate stones are most often accompanied by what metabolic condition?

Accepted Answer

A)  h ypercalciuria 
B)  h yperkalemia 
C)  h yperphosphatemia 
D)  h ypercholesterolemia 
E)  h ypernatremia 
A)  h ypercalciuria 
B)  h yperkalemia 
C)  h yperphosphatemia 
D)  h ypercholesterolemia 
E)  h ypernatremia

Question 7

Total parenteral nutrition may be necessary for a patient with acute kidney injury when:

Accepted Answer

A)  the patient has severe dysphagia. 
B)  the patient cannot tolerate tube feedings. 
C)  the patient has urine output of less than 400 mL per day. 
D)  the patient has hyponatremia. 
E)  the patient will need dialysis. 
A)  the patient has severe dysphagia. 
B)  the patient cannot tolerate tube feedings. 
C)  the patient has urine output of less than 400 mL per day. 
D)  the patient has hyponatremia. 
E)  the patient will need dialysis.

Question 8

Dennis Wilson is a 57-year-old chemical engineer who has had type 1 diabetes since he was 12 years old. He spent 34 years working in oil refineries, and he is a smoker. He is 5'11" tall and weighs 160 pounds. Over the past several years, he has experienced a gradual decline in kidney function. His GFR has declined to 27 mL/min per 1.73 m2.
Protein intake for Mr. Wilson should:

Accepted Answer

A)  be restricted due to slow disease progression. 
B)  be increased due to PEM. 
C)  be limited to plant protein foods. 
D)  be limited to animal protein foods. 
E)  remain the same until he begins to lose weight. 
A)  be restricted due to slow disease progression. 
B)  be increased due to PEM. 
C)  be limited to plant protein foods. 
D)  be limited to animal protein foods. 
E)  remain the same until he begins to lose weight.

Question 9

What condition that leads to acute kidney injury is considered a prerenal factor?

Accepted Answer

A)  urinary obstruction 
B)  drug exposure 
C)  heart failure 
D)  trauma 
E)  exposure to toxins 
A)  urinary obstruction 
B)  drug exposure 
C)  heart failure 
D)  trauma 
E)  exposure to toxins

Question 10

Although renal patients are often encouraged to consume high-fat foods to improve their energy intakes, the foods they select should provide mostly unsaturated fats.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Supplemental _____ among patients with chronic kidney disease should be limited to 70 mg per day because excessive intakes can contribute to kidney stone formation in those at risk.

Accepted Answer

A)  vitamin D 
B)  phosphorus 
C)  potassium 
D)  vitamin C 
E)  iron 
A)  vitamin D 
B)  phosphorus 
C)  potassium 
D)  vitamin C 
E)  iron

Question 12

Describe special dietary considerations for a patient who has had a kidney transplant.

Accepted Answer

After patients recover from transplant s

Question 13

Mr. Bradley is a 70-year-old man with a long medical history including uncontrolled diabetes mellitus since age 45 who presents to the West Smithtown Dialysis Center with new-onset end-stage kidney disease. Mr. Bradley lives in an assisted living facility where he receives full-time nursing care. As a dialysis nurse, your role is to review the nutrition guidelines with Mr. Bradley, who has diabetic retinopathy and loss of vision. He is a non-ambulatory war veteran, former smoker, and former alcohol abuser whose BMI is normal, though he has lost 3% of his body weight since being diagnosed with kidney failure one month ago. A food frequency questionnaire shows that Mr. Bradley generally meets his recommended intakes of all food groups, but his fiber intake is low, and his dairy foods consumption exceeds the recommendation by double due to his love of milk, ice cream, cheese, and other dairy products.
What principle regarding fluid is correctly conveyed to Mr. Bradley?

Accepted Answer

A)  "Gelatin, soups, fruit ices, and frozen fruit juice bars contribute to your fluid intake." 
B)  "Water losses from the skin and lungs are deducted from your fluid allowance." 
C)  "Solid foods do not contribute to your fluid intake." 
D)  "Your average fluid gain between dialysis treatments should ideally be 10 pounds." 
E)  "Most of your fluid intake should come when you take your medications." 
A)  "Gelatin, soups, fruit ices, and frozen fruit juice bars contribute to your fluid intake." 
B)  "Water losses from the skin and lungs are deducted from your fluid allowance." 
C)  "Solid foods do not contribute to your fluid intake." 
D)  "Your average fluid gain between dialysis treatments should ideally be 10 pounds." 
E)  "Most of your fluid intake should come when you take your medications."

Explain the differences between prerenal, intrarenal, and postrenal factors in the development of acute kidney disease.

One potential complication of hemodialysis is:

Furosemide (Lasix) is a drug used to:

What dietary components are restricted in patients who have nephrotic syndrome?

Low-protein diets for patients with chronic kidney disease supply less _____ than high-protein diets.

Calcium oxalate stones are most often accompanied by what metabolic condition?

Total parenteral nutrition may be necessary for a patient with acute kidney injury when:

What condition that leads to acute kidney injury is considered a prerenal factor?

Although renal patients are often encouraged to consume high-fat foods to improve their energy intakes, the foods they select should provide mostly unsaturated fats.

Supplemental _____ among patients with chronic kidney disease should be limited to 70 mg per day because excessive intakes can contribute to kidney stone formation in those at risk.

Describe special dietary considerations for a patient who has had a kidney transplant.

Overview of Nutrition and Health

Digestion and Absorption

Carbohydrates

Lipids

Protein

Energy Balance and Body Composition

Weight Management

The Vitamins

Water and the Minerals

Nutrition Through the Life Span: Pregnancy and Lactation

Nutrition Through the Life Span: Infancy, Childhood, and Adolescence

Nutrition Through the Life Span: Later Adulthood

Nutrition Care and Assessment

Nutrition Intervention and Diet-Drug Interactions

Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition Support

Nutrition in Metabolic and Respiratory Stress

Nutrition and Upper Gastrointestinal Disorders

Nutrition and Lower Gastrointestinal Disorders

Nutrition and Liver Diseases

Nutrition and Diabetes Mellitus

Nutrition and Cardiovascular Diseases

Nutrition, Cancer, and Hiv Infection

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Exam 22: Nutrition and Renal Diseases

Explain the differences between prerenal, intrarenal, and postrenal factors in the development of acute kidney disease.

One potential complication of hemodialysis is:

Furosemide (Lasix) is a drug used to:

What dietary components are restricted in patients who have nephrotic syndrome?

Low-protein diets for patients with chronic kidney disease supply less _____ than high-protein diets.

Calcium oxalate stones are most often accompanied by what metabolic condition?

Total parenteral nutrition may be necessary for a patient with acute kidney injury when:

What condition that leads to acute kidney injury is considered a prerenal factor?

Although renal patients are often encouraged to consume high-fat foods to improve their energy intakes, the foods they select should provide mostly unsaturated fats.

Supplemental _____ among patients with chronic kidney disease should be limited to 70 mg per day because excessive intakes can contribute to kidney stone formation in those at risk.

Describe special dietary considerations for a patient who has had a kidney transplant.

Overview of Nutrition and Health

Digestion and Absorption

Carbohydrates

Lipids

Protein

Energy Balance and Body Composition

Weight Management

The Vitamins

Water and the Minerals

Nutrition Through the Life Span: Pregnancy and Lactation

Nutrition Through the Life Span: Infancy, Childhood, and Adolescence

Nutrition Through the Life Span: Later Adulthood

Nutrition Care and Assessment

Nutrition Intervention and Diet-Drug Interactions

Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition Support

Nutrition in Metabolic and Respiratory Stress

Nutrition and Upper Gastrointestinal Disorders

Nutrition and Lower Gastrointestinal Disorders

Nutrition and Liver Diseases

Nutrition and Diabetes Mellitus

Nutrition and Cardiovascular Diseases

Nutrition, Cancer, and Hiv Infection

Filters