Question 1

High intakes of which of the following interfere with copper absorption and can lead to a deficiency?

Accepted Answer

A)  sodium 
B)  iron 
C)  chromium 
D)  manganese 
E)  zinc 
A)  sodium 
B)  iron 
C)  chromium 
D)  manganese 
E)  zinc E

Question 2

Of the following, the mineral that is least likely to be deficient in anyone's diet is:

Accepted Answer

A)  calcium. 
B)  phosphorus. 
C)  iron. 
D)  iodine. 
E)  potassium. 
A)  calcium. 
B)  phosphorus. 
C)  iron. 
D)  iodine. 
E)  potassium. B

Question 3

Fluoride seems to be helpful in preventing:

Accepted Answer

A)  cancer. 
B)  diabetes. 
C)  dental decay. 
D)  heart disease. 
E)  goiter. 
A)  cancer. 
B)  diabetes. 
C)  dental decay. 
D)  heart disease. 
E)  goiter. C

Question 4

Keshan disease is related to a deficiency of:

Accepted Answer

A)  fluoride. 
B)  iodine. 
C)  selenium. 
D)  iron. 
E)  chromium. 
A)  fluoride. 
B)  iodine. 
C)  selenium. 
D)  iron. 
E)  chromium.

Question 5

What percentage of an adult's body is water?

Accepted Answer

A)  30 
B)  40 
C)  60 
D)  90 
E)  100 
A)  30 
B)  40 
C)  60 
D)  90 
E)  100

Question 6

The typical U. S. diet provides how much potassium?

Accepted Answer

A)  adequate 
B)  excessive 
C)  inadequate 
D)  none 
E)  It depends on the geographical location. 
A)  adequate 
B)  excessive 
C)  inadequate 
D)  none 
E)  It depends on the geographical location.

Question 7

Almost all (99%) of the calcium in the body is used to:

Accepted Answer

A)  provide energy for cells. 
B)  provide rigidity for the bones. 
C)  regulate the transmission of nerve impulses. 
D)  regulate muscle contraction. 
E)  reduce inflammation in the tissues. 
A)  provide energy for cells. 
B)  provide rigidity for the bones. 
C)  regulate the transmission of nerve impulses. 
D)  regulate muscle contraction. 
E)  reduce inflammation in the tissues.

Question 8

In order to increase the amount of iron absorbed from a meal, you would:

Accepted Answer

A)  consume tea as a beverage with the meal. 
B)  eat a calcium-rich food with the meal. 
C)  consume orange juice as a beverage with a meal. 
D)  avoid eating foods rich in vitamin C with the meal. 
E)  drink plenty of coffee before each meal. 
A)  consume tea as a beverage with the meal. 
B)  eat a calcium-rich food with the meal. 
C)  consume orange juice as a beverage with a meal. 
D)  avoid eating foods rich in vitamin C with the meal. 
E)  drink plenty of coffee before each meal.

Question 9

The UL for sodium intake for adults is set at:

Accepted Answer

A)  500 mg. 
B)  1200 mg. 
C)  1500 mg. 
D)  2300 mg. 
E)  3000 mg. 
A)  500 mg. 
B)  1200 mg. 
C)  1500 mg. 
D)  2300 mg. 
E)  3000 mg.

Question 10

Which of the following is a trace mineral?

Accepted Answer

A)  iron 
B)  sulfur 
C)  calcium 
D)  potassium 
E)  magnesium 
A)  iron 
B)  sulfur 
C)  calcium 
D)  potassium 
E)  magnesium

Question 11

In the U.S., low iron intake is often associated with:

Accepted Answer

A)  high sugar and fat intakes. 
B)  high protein intake. 
C)  low carbohydrate intake. 
D)  low intake of fruits and vegetables. 
E)  pregnancy. 
A)  high sugar and fat intakes. 
B)  high protein intake. 
C)  low carbohydrate intake. 
D)  low intake of fruits and vegetables. 
E)  pregnancy.

Question 12

The largest percentage of sodium in people's diets comes from:

Accepted Answer

A)  salt added during cooking. 
B)  fresh fruits and vegetables. 
C)  salt added at the table. 
D)  the natural salt content of foods. 
E)  salt added to foods by manufacturers. 
A)  salt added during cooking. 
B)  fresh fruits and vegetables. 
C)  salt added at the table. 
D)  the natural salt content of foods. 
E)  salt added to foods by manufacturers.

Question 13

A person must have water in his or her diet:

Accepted Answer

A)  because the kidneys exert no control over the amount of water excreted in the urine. 
B)  to prevent vitamin imbalances in the body. 
C)  because the kidneys must excrete a minimum amount of water as urine to rid the body of wastes. 
D)  in order to prevent water intoxication. 
E)  in order to take in minerals. 
A)  because the kidneys exert no control over the amount of water excreted in the urine. 
B)  to prevent vitamin imbalances in the body. 
C)  because the kidneys must excrete a minimum amount of water as urine to rid the body of wastes. 
D)  in order to prevent water intoxication. 
E)  in order to take in minerals.

Question 14

What is the minimum amount of urine the body must excrete each day to remove waste products?

Accepted Answer

A)  500 mL 
B)  700 mL 
C)  1000 mL 
D)  2300 mL 
E)  3000 mL 
A)  500 mL 
B)  700 mL 
C)  1000 mL 
D)  2300 mL 
E)  3000 mL

Question 15

Body sodium levels help to maintain fluid and electrolyte balance and  are largely regulated through:

Accepted Answer

A)  changes in intestinal absorption, depending on need. 
B)  changes in fecal excretion. 
C)  storage of excess sodium in the liver. 
D)  excretion of excess potassium by the kidneys. 
E)  excretion of excess sodium by the kidneys. 
A)  changes in intestinal absorption, depending on need. 
B)  changes in fecal excretion. 
C)  storage of excess sodium in the liver. 
D)  excretion of excess potassium by the kidneys. 
E)  excretion of excess sodium by the kidneys.

Question 16

The primary regulator of extracellular fluid volume is:

Accepted Answer

A)  chlorine. 
B)  sodium. 
C)  magnesium. 
D)  potassium. 
E)  calcium. 
A)  chlorine. 
B)  sodium. 
C)  magnesium. 
D)  potassium. 
E)  calcium.

Question 17

Which food has the highest calcium content?

Accepted Answer

A)  dark green vegetables 
B)  milk 
C)  meats 
D)  cereal grains 
E)  soy products 
A)  dark green vegetables 
B)  milk 
C)  meats 
D)  cereal grains 
E)  soy products

Question 18

Which of the following body processes is not dependent upon the presence of calcium in the body fluids?

Accepted Answer

A)  blood clotting 
B)  muscle contractions 
C)  transmission of nerve impulses 
D)  secretion of hormones 
E)  transport of oxygen in the blood 
A)  blood clotting 
B)  muscle contractions 
C)  transmission of nerve impulses 
D)  secretion of hormones 
E)  transport of oxygen in the blood

Question 19

A diabetes-like condition may develop when which of the following is lacking in the diet?

Accepted Answer

A)  iron 
B)  zinc 
C)  chromium 
D)  molybdenum 
E)  selenium 
A)  iron 
B)  zinc 
C)  chromium 
D)  molybdenum 
E)  selenium

Question 20

In regard to caffeine, the DRI committee determined that:

Accepted Answer

A)  beverages that contain caffeine do not count toward meetings one's fluid needs. 
B)  a person should not consume more than three cups of caffeine-containing beverages a day. 
C)  caffeinated beverages contribute to daily total water intake similarly to non-caffeinated beverages. 
D)  caffeine causes a net deficit of fluid in the body; therefore, caffeine-containing beverages should be avoided by athletes particularly. 
E)  caffeinated beverages disrupt the acid-base balance in the body and should be avoided. 
A)  beverages that contain caffeine do not count toward meetings one's fluid needs. 
B)  a person should not consume more than three cups of caffeine-containing beverages a day. 
C)  caffeinated beverages contribute to daily total water intake similarly to non-caffeinated beverages. 
D)  caffeine causes a net deficit of fluid in the body; therefore, caffeine-containing beverages should be avoided by athletes particularly. 
E)  caffeinated beverages disrupt the acid-base balance in the body and should be avoided.

Exam 9: Water and the Minerals

High intakes of which of the following interfere with copper absorption and can lead to a deficiency?

Of the following, the mineral that is least likely to be deficient in anyone's diet is:

Fluoride seems to be helpful in preventing:

Keshan disease is related to a deficiency of:

What percentage of an adult's body is water?

The typical U. S. diet provides how much potassium?

Almost all (99%) of the calcium in the body is used to:

In order to increase the amount of iron absorbed from a meal, you would:

The UL for sodium intake for adults is set at:

Which of the following is a trace mineral?

In the U.S., low iron intake is often associated with:

The largest percentage of sodium in people's diets comes from:

A person must have water in his or her diet:

What is the minimum amount of urine the body must excrete each day to remove waste products?

Body sodium levels help to maintain fluid and electrolyte balance and are largely regulated through:

The primary regulator of extracellular fluid volume is:

Which food has the highest calcium content?

Which of the following body processes is not dependent upon the presence of calcium in the body fluids?

A diabetes-like condition may develop when which of the following is lacking in the diet?

In regard to caffeine, the DRI committee determined that:

Overview of Nutrition and Health

Digestion and Absorption

Carbohydrates

Lipids

Protein

Energy Balance and Body Composition

Weight Management

The Vitamins

Nutrition Through the Life Span: Pregnancy and Lactation

Nutrition Through the Life Span: Infancy, Childhood, and Adolescence

Nutrition Through the Life Span: Later Adulthood

Nutrition Care and Assessment

Nutrition Intervention and Diet-Drug Interactions

Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition Support

Nutrition in Metabolic and Respiratory Stress

Nutrition and Upper Gastrointestinal Disorders

Nutrition and Lower Gastrointestinal Disorders

Nutrition and Liver Diseases

Nutrition and Diabetes Mellitus

Nutrition and Cardiovascular Diseases

Nutrition and Renal Diseases

Nutrition, Cancer, and Hiv Infection

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