Question 1

Which of the following foods is low in sodium?

Accepted Answer

A)  pickles 
B)  fresh carrots 
C)  processed cheese 
D)  bologna 
E)  pizza 
A)  pickles 
B)  fresh carrots 
C)  processed cheese 
D)  bologna 
E)  pizza

Question 2

Heart failure related to potassium loss may occur:

Accepted Answer

A)  with diets low in fresh fruits and vegetables. 
B)  as a result of severe diarrhea. 
C)  in persons with diabetes. 
D)  due to an excessive intake of protein. 
E)  when people are also deficient in calcium. 
A)  with diets low in fresh fruits and vegetables. 
B)  as a result of severe diarrhea. 
C)  in persons with diabetes. 
D)  due to an excessive intake of protein. 
E)  when people are also deficient in calcium.

Question 3

Which of the following organ systems plays the primary role in maintaining acid-base balance?

Accepted Answer

A)  lungs 
B)  skin 
C)  GI tract 
D)  kidneys 
E)  lymphatic 
A)  lungs 
B)  skin 
C)  GI tract 
D)  kidneys 
E)  lymphatic

Question 4

Which of the following groups of people would have the lowest sodium intakes?

Accepted Answer

A)  those who avoid adding salt to their food 
B)  those who exercise strenuously on a regular basis 
C)  those who eat mostly processed foods 
D)  those who eat mostly whole, unprocessed foods 
E)  those on a low carbohydrate diet 
A)  those who avoid adding salt to their food 
B)  those who exercise strenuously on a regular basis 
C)  those who eat mostly processed foods 
D)  those who eat mostly whole, unprocessed foods 
E)  those on a low carbohydrate diet

Question 5

The best advice to give a healthy person eating a typical diet who is considering a supplement to improve his health is:

Accepted Answer

A)  choose a supplement that has been approved by the FDA. 
B)  spend your money on fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean meats, and milk products instead. 
C)  buy supplements that have the USP symbol on the label for assurance of safety and effectiveness. 
D)  choose a supplement that contains the Tolerable Upper Intake Level for maximum effectiveness. 
E)  choose a "natural" or "organic" supplement. 
A)  choose a supplement that has been approved by the FDA. 
B)  spend your money on fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean meats, and milk products instead. 
C)  buy supplements that have the USP symbol on the label for assurance of safety and effectiveness. 
D)  choose a supplement that contains the Tolerable Upper Intake Level for maximum effectiveness. 
E)  choose a "natural" or "organic" supplement.

Question 6

The percentage of dietary iron normally absorbed is about:

Accepted Answer

A)  10-15%. 
B)  25-50%. 
C)  35-65%. 
D)  . 70-80%. 
E)  90-100%. 
A)  10-15%. 
B)  25-50%. 
C)  35-65%. 
D)  . 70-80%. 
E)  90-100%.

Question 7

A good food source of iodine is:

Accepted Answer

A)  bananas. 
B)  seafood. 
C)  broccoli. 
D)  pork. 
E)  lettuce. 
A)  bananas. 
B)  seafood. 
C)  broccoli. 
D)  pork. 
E)  lettuce.

Question 8

When selecting a vitamin-mineral supplement, choose one in which the nutrient levels are:

Accepted Answer

A)  at or very close to the RDA. 
B)  all the same. 
C)  at least 200 percent of the RDA. 
D)  at least 300 percent of the RDA. 
E)  at "therapeutic doses." 
A)  at or very close to the RDA. 
B)  all the same. 
C)  at least 200 percent of the RDA. 
D)  at least 300 percent of the RDA. 
E)  at "therapeutic doses."

Question 9

People who regularly take prescription drugs such as steroids and diuretics are at risk for a deficiency of:

Accepted Answer

A)  potassium. 
B)  chloride. 
C)  iodine. 
D)  selenium. 
E)  calcium. 
A)  potassium. 
B)  chloride. 
C)  iodine. 
D)  selenium. 
E)  calcium.

Question 10

Iron is important in the body because it is:

Accepted Answer

A)  needed for blood clotting. 
B)  an integral part of bones and teeth. 
C)  an antioxidant. 
D)  an integral constituent of hemoglobin. 
E)  necessary for digestion of protein. 
A)  needed for blood clotting. 
B)  an integral part of bones and teeth. 
C)  an antioxidant. 
D)  an integral constituent of hemoglobin. 
E)  necessary for digestion of protein.

Question 11

Which of the following is true of phosphorus?

Accepted Answer

A)  It participates in the transfer of energy during cellular respiration. 
B)  It is not necessary for growth. 
C)  Only limited amounts are found with calcium in bones and teeth. 
D)  It aids in blood glucose regulation. 
E)  It is required for the synthesis of sulfur-containing compounds. 
A)  It participates in the transfer of energy during cellular respiration. 
B)  It is not necessary for growth. 
C)  Only limited amounts are found with calcium in bones and teeth. 
D)  It aids in blood glucose regulation. 
E)  It is required for the synthesis of sulfur-containing compounds.

Question 12

Describe how the body regulates blood calcium levels.

Accepted Answer

When blood calcium is too high, hormones

Question 13

In which of the following is water the least involved?

Accepted Answer

A)  regulating body temperature 
B)  converting lipids to amino acids 
C)  serving as a solvent for minerals and vitamins 
D)  acting as a lubricant around joints 
E)  maintaining blood volume 
A)  regulating body temperature 
B)  converting lipids to amino acids 
C)  serving as a solvent for minerals and vitamins 
D)  acting as a lubricant around joints 
E)  maintaining blood volume

Question 14

Calcium is the most abundant mineral in the body.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

The major negative ion of the extracellular fluid is:

Accepted Answer

A)  sodium. 
B)  potassium. 
C)  chloride. 
D)  calcium. 
E)  magnesium. 
A)  sodium. 
B)  potassium. 
C)  chloride. 
D)  calcium. 
E)  magnesium.

Question 16

The best way to ensure an adequate intake of trace minerals is to:

Accepted Answer

A)  eat foods containing the major minerals. 
B)  make sure your diet is sufficient in vitamins. 
C)  consume a variety of foods. 
D)  practice dietary adequacy. 
E)  consume supplements. 
A)  eat foods containing the major minerals. 
B)  make sure your diet is sufficient in vitamins. 
C)  consume a variety of foods. 
D)  practice dietary adequacy. 
E)  consume supplements.

Question 17

Which of the following enhances calcium absorption from the GI tract?

Accepted Answer

A)  vitamin D 
B)  vitamin C 
C)  protein 
D)  linoleic acid 
E)  intrinsic factor 
A)  vitamin D 
B)  vitamin C 
C)  protein 
D)  linoleic acid 
E)  intrinsic factor

Question 18

Which of the following situations would be least likely to necessitate intake of nutrient supplements in amounts consistent with the RDA?

Accepted Answer

A)  when your energy intake is low 
B)  when you are a vegan 
C)  when you have an illness that takes away your appetite 
D)  when you depend primarily on grocery-store foods 
E)  when you are pregnant 
A)  when your energy intake is low 
B)  when you are a vegan 
C)  when you have an illness that takes away your appetite 
D)  when you depend primarily on grocery-store foods 
E)  when you are pregnant

Question 19

Of the foods listed, the best source of phosphorus is:

Accepted Answer

A)  tofu. 
B)  chicken. 
C)  noodles. 
D)  lettuce. 
E)  pears. 
A)  tofu. 
B)  chicken. 
C)  noodles. 
D)  lettuce. 
E)  pears.

Question 20

Which mineral is essential for wound healing?

Accepted Answer

A)  potassium 
B)  sulfate 
C)  zinc 
D)  iodine 
E)  chromium 
A)  potassium 
B)  sulfate 
C)  zinc 
D)  iodine 
E)  chromium

Exam 9: Water and the Minerals

Which of the following foods is low in sodium?

Heart failure related to potassium loss may occur:

Which of the following organ systems plays the primary role in maintaining acid-base balance?

Which of the following groups of people would have the lowest sodium intakes?

The best advice to give a healthy person eating a typical diet who is considering a supplement to improve his health is:

The percentage of dietary iron normally absorbed is about:

A good food source of iodine is:

When selecting a vitamin-mineral supplement, choose one in which the nutrient levels are:

People who regularly take prescription drugs such as steroids and diuretics are at risk for a deficiency of:

Iron is important in the body because it is:

Which of the following is true of phosphorus?

Describe how the body regulates blood calcium levels.

In which of the following is water the least involved?

Calcium is the most abundant mineral in the body.

The major negative ion of the extracellular fluid is:

The best way to ensure an adequate intake of trace minerals is to:

Which of the following enhances calcium absorption from the GI tract?

Which of the following situations would be least likely to necessitate intake of nutrient supplements in amounts consistent with the RDA?

Of the foods listed, the best source of phosphorus is:

Which mineral is essential for wound healing?

Overview of Nutrition and Health

Digestion and Absorption

Carbohydrates

Lipids

Protein

Energy Balance and Body Composition

Weight Management

The Vitamins

Nutrition Through the Life Span: Pregnancy and Lactation

Nutrition Through the Life Span: Infancy, Childhood, and Adolescence

Nutrition Through the Life Span: Later Adulthood

Nutrition Care and Assessment

Nutrition Intervention and Diet-Drug Interactions

Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition Support

Nutrition in Metabolic and Respiratory Stress

Nutrition and Upper Gastrointestinal Disorders

Nutrition and Lower Gastrointestinal Disorders

Nutrition and Liver Diseases

Nutrition and Diabetes Mellitus

Nutrition and Cardiovascular Diseases

Nutrition and Renal Diseases

Nutrition, Cancer, and Hiv Infection

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