Exam 18: Nutrition and Lower Gastrointestinal Disorders

Beyond complications associated with lung tissue, the pancreas, and sweat glands in the patient with cystic fibrosis, which complication has also been associated with cystic fibrosis?

Generally, up to _____% of the small intestine can be resected without serious nutritional consequences.

Which food does not contain probiotics?

Commercial sports drinks are not recommended for the treatment of severe diarrhea because they are too:

Kelly is a 27-year-old Caucasian who works as a bank teller. She is 5'3" tall and weighs 102 pounds. She began experiencing recurrent gastrointestinal disturbances such as diarrhea, steatorrhea, and flatulence several months ago. She made an appointment with her physician after noticing that she was losing weight. Laboratory tests confirmed a diagnosis of celiac disease. What does Kelly need to understand about the role of oats in her diet?

Billy consumed the following foods at lunch: A hamburger with lettuce, tomato, and catsup on a bun; cabbage salad, potato chips, and a glass of iced tea. Later that afternoon Billy began to experience intestinal gas. Which food was most likely responsible for the gas production?

Malabsorption of some minerals, including _____ often occurs because the minerals form soaps with the unabsorbed fatty acids.

In cases of mild-to-moderate pancreatitis, the patient should receive what diet order until he is pain free and experiences no nausea or vomiting?

One of the most common causes of acute pancreatitis is:

A person with _____ typically experiences an excessive colonic response to meals, gastrointestinal hormones, and stress.

What describes a potential cause of osmotic diarrhea?

Medical History: A.R. is a healthy 51-year old premenopausal Caucasian woman with pallor who is employed full-time in an office job. She had a pancreatic cyst removed six years ago. She was asymptomatic until one year ago when she developed acute pancreatitis flare-ups after consuming fatty foods. The condition was attributed to scarring at the pancreatic duct, which secretes pancreatic lipase, and was accompanied by severe abdominal pain radiating to her back, vomiting, and steatorrhea. She was placed on oral pancreatic lipase enzyme tablets (Pancrease™) that digest fat and was prescribed to follow a "low-fat diet." The medication and diet help to reduce her symptoms, and she notes that flare-ups generally only occur when she eats too much fat.   Anthropometric: Ht: 5'2. Wt: 156 lbs. Wt 1 yr ago: 199 lbs. Frame size: Medium. Clinical/Labs: A.R.'s serum vitamin D was low (20 ng/mL; normal is 25-80 ng/mL), but all other labs were within normal limits when she last visited her internal medicine physician several months ago. She was placed on a 5,000-IU vitamin D supplement, to be reduced to a 2,000-IU vitamin D supplement thereafter; she takes no other vitamins or minerals. Other medications include Synthroid and Aygestin. Current Chief Complaints: A.R.'s current problems include constipation and dry skin. Diet: "My usual grocery list consists of boneless chicken breasts, turkey, pork chops (infrequently), strip steak (infrequently), 90/10 ground beef, pasta (half whole-wheat, half regular), tomatoes and sauce to make pasta sauce, 90 percent fat-free lunch meat ham or turkey, brown rice, steamable microwave vegetables, red and green lettuce, tomatoes, onions, cereal, blueberries if on sale, apples, tangerines, red licorice, bread, crackers, and canned soup. I am concerned about not having enough protein or iron because I am afraid to eat very much red meat. The foods I miss the most include iced tea, which I skip because of caffeine-I am getting bored with water. I like to bake and I miss baked goods, and I also miss cheese-I am afraid it is too high in fat. I have a hard time figuring out what to pack for lunch. The restaurants I go to if I do go out are Chick-Fil-A, Panera, Viva, a local diner, and an Italian restaurant. I like Italian and Mexican food. Usually if I do eat out it is for lunch but it is sometimes hard to figure out something safe to eat..." Dairy foods: Twice a day, drinks 2 8-oz glasses of 1% milk. Fruits: 1 cup per day.  A.R.'s steatorrhea can be evaluated by placing her on a high-fat diet, performing a 48- to 72-hour stool collection, and:

Irritable bowel syndrome occurs more frequently in men than in women, and episodes of acute symptoms often increase with age.

Medical History: A.R. is a healthy 51-year old premenopausal Caucasian woman with pallor who is employed full-time in an office job. She had a pancreatic cyst removed six years ago. She was asymptomatic until one year ago when she developed acute pancreatitis flare-ups after consuming fatty foods. The condition was attributed to scarring at the pancreatic duct, which secretes pancreatic lipase, and was accompanied by severe abdominal pain radiating to her back, vomiting, and steatorrhea. She was placed on oral pancreatic lipase enzyme tablets (Pancrease™) that digest fat and was prescribed to follow a "low-fat diet." The medication and diet help to reduce her symptoms, and she notes that flare-ups generally only occur when she eats too much fat.   Anthropometric: Ht: 5'2. Wt: 156 lbs. Wt 1 yr ago: 199 lbs. Frame size: Medium. Clinical/Labs: A.R.'s serum vitamin D was low (20 ng/mL; normal is 25-80 ng/mL), but all other labs were within normal limits when she last visited her internal medicine physician several months ago. She was placed on a 5,000-IU vitamin D supplement, to be reduced to a 2,000-IU vitamin D supplement thereafter; she takes no other vitamins or minerals. Other medications include Synthroid and Aygestin. Current Chief Complaints: A.R.'s current problems include constipation and dry skin. Diet: "My usual grocery list consists of boneless chicken breasts, turkey, pork chops (infrequently), strip steak (infrequently), 90/10 ground beef, pasta (half whole-wheat, half regular), tomatoes and sauce to make pasta sauce, 90 percent fat-free lunch meat ham or turkey, brown rice, steamable microwave vegetables, red and green lettuce, tomatoes, onions, cereal, blueberries if on sale, apples, tangerines, red licorice, bread, crackers, and canned soup. I am concerned about not having enough protein or iron because I am afraid to eat very much red meat. The foods I miss the most include iced tea, which I skip because of caffeine-I am getting bored with water. I like to bake and I miss baked goods, and I also miss cheese-I am afraid it is too high in fat. I have a hard time figuring out what to pack for lunch. The restaurants I go to if I do go out are Chick-Fil-A, Panera, Viva, a local diner, and an Italian restaurant. I like Italian and Mexican food. Usually if I do eat out it is for lunch but it is sometimes hard to figure out something safe to eat..." Dairy foods: Twice a day, drinks 2 8-oz glasses of 1% milk. Fruits: 1 cup per day.  In which way would A.R. benefit from using medium-chain triglycerides?

Bacterial overgrowth in the stomach and small intestine can result in:

Aggressive dietary management of Crohn's disease is required in children because this disorder can lead to:

What situation best describes a potential cause of constipation?

What foods would have the least detrimental effects when consumed by a patient with steatorrhea?

What bulk-forming agent may actually cause an allergic reaction?

For which of the following people might heavy probiotics consumption be unsafe?