Exam 22: Nutrition and Renal Diseases

Patients with kidney disease who take calcium and vitamin D supplements are at risk of _____ because of the use of phosphate binders.

The part of the kidney that acts like a sieve to filter wastes is the:

A patient in the later stage of chronic kidney disease has been advised to increase his intake of potassium-rich foods. What food is an example of an item that is high in potassium?

Describe the appropriate dietary treatment for different types of kidney stones, including calcium oxalate, uric acid, and cystine stones.

Given the choice, many patients with end-stage renal disease would prefer kidney transplants, but the demand for suitable kidneys far exceeds the supply.

Nursing Exam Review Multiple Choice A client is admitted to the emergency room and is found to have proteinuria, edema, and elevated blood lipids. The nurse recognizes these symptoms as those associated with:

Nursing Exam Review Multiple Choice The nurse in the dialysis unit understands that patients may experience various complications during hemodialysis. What describes a common complication during hemodialysis?

Mr. Bradley is a 70-year-old man with a long medical history including uncontrolled diabetes mellitus since age 45 who presents to the West Smithtown Dialysis Center with new-onset end-stage kidney disease. Mr. Bradley lives in an assisted living facility where he receives full-time nursing care. As a dialysis nurse, your role is to review the nutrition guidelines with Mr. Bradley, who has diabetic retinopathy and loss of vision. He is a non-ambulatory war veteran, former smoker, and former alcohol abuser whose BMI is normal, though he has lost 3% of his body weight since being diagnosed with kidney failure one month ago. A food frequency questionnaire shows that Mr. Bradley generally meets his recommended intakes of all food groups, but his fiber intake is low, and his dairy foods consumption exceeds the recommendation by double due to his love of milk, ice cream, cheese, and other dairy products. The nurse allays Mr. Bradley's fears that his new diet will lack variety and flavor by assuring him that the diet:

Dennis Wilson is a 57-year-old chemical engineer who has had type 1 diabetes since he was 12 years old. He spent 34 years working in oil refineries, and he is a smoker. He is 5'11" tall and weighs 160 pounds. Over the past several years, he has experienced a gradual decline in kidney function. His GFR has declined to 27 mL/min per 1.73 m². Mr. Wilson's laboratory reports indicate hyperkalemia. His intake of _____ should be restricted.

Nursing Exam Review Multiple Choice The nurse understands that patients on peritoneal dialysis may most likely experience what side effect?

In patients with acute kidney injury, oliguria leads to:

Prior to the need for dialysis, most renal patients are unable to handle normal intakes of potassium.

Dennis Wilson is a 57-year-old chemical engineer who has had type 1 diabetes since he was 12 years old. He spent 34 years working in oil refineries, and he is a smoker. He is 5'11" tall and weighs 160 pounds. Over the past several years, he has experienced a gradual decline in kidney function. His GFR has declined to 27 mL/min per 1.73 m². The likely cause of Mr. Wilson's chronic kidney disease is:

Weight gain can become a problem when peritoneal dialysis continues for an extended period of time. This is likely due to

Manifestations of the nephrotic syndrome include:

Which immunosuppressant drug would most likely be administered to a patient following a kidney transplant?

Which factor may predispose an individual to kidney stone formation?

The medical nutrition therapy for nephrotic syndrome helps to prevent protein-energy malnutrition and alleviate edema.

Supplementation of all fat-soluble vitamins is necessary in clients with chronic kidney disease.

Dennis Wilson is a 57-year-old chemical engineer who has had type 1 diabetes since he was 12 years old. He spent 34 years working in oil refineries, and he is a smoker. He is 5'11" tall and weighs 160 pounds. Over the past several years, he has experienced a gradual decline in kidney function. His GFR has declined to 27 mL/min per 1.73 m². The primary goal(s) of medical nutrition therapy for Mr. Wilson at this time should be to: