Question 1

Phase I biotransformation reactions include all of the following except ___________.

Accepted Answer

A) oxidations 
B) reductions 
C) conjugations 
D) hydrolyses 
A) oxidations 
B) reductions 
C) conjugations 
D) hydrolyses C

Question 2

Small lipid soluble or lipophilic drugs penetrate cell membranes by ___________.

Accepted Answer

A) passive diffusion 
B) endocytosis 
C) water filled channels 
D) special transport systems 
A) passive diffusion 
B) endocytosis 
C) water filled channels 
D) special transport systems A

Question 3

Metabolism or biotransformation of drugs ___________.

Accepted Answer

A) leads always to inactive metabolites 
B) leads to more lipophilic metabolites 
C) involves the p450 enzymes 
D) affects the onset but not duration of action of drugs 
A) leads always to inactive metabolites 
B) leads to more lipophilic metabolites 
C) involves the p450 enzymes 
D) affects the onset but not duration of action of drugs C

Question 4

The rate of passive diffusion ___________.

Accepted Answer

A) follows the law of mass action 
B) is independent of molecular weight of the drug 
C) depends mostly on the concentration gradient 
D) All of the above 
A) follows the law of mass action 
B) is independent of molecular weight of the drug 
C) depends mostly on the concentration gradient 
D) All of the above

Question 5

First order kinetics means that a drug ___________.

Accepted Answer

A) leaves the body at a constant amount 
B) has a half-life when half of the ingested drug has left the body 
C) will achieve steady state levels in the body after 1-2 half lives 
D) will leave the body completely after 4-5 half lives 
A) leaves the body at a constant amount 
B) has a half-life when half of the ingested drug has left the body 
C) will achieve steady state levels in the body after 1-2 half lives 
D) will leave the body completely after 4-5 half lives

Question 6

Some drugs do not penetrate easily into the ___________.

Accepted Answer

A) brain 
B) muscle 
C) liver 
D) heart 
A) brain 
B) muscle 
C) liver 
D) heart

Question 7

Drugs are excreted by the kidney___________.

Accepted Answer

A) mostly through glomerular filtration 
B) if they are hydrophilic 
C) if they are of small molecular weight 
D) All of the above 
A) mostly through glomerular filtration 
B) if they are hydrophilic 
C) if they are of small molecular weight 
D) All of the above

Question 8

A drug has a half-life of 3 hours,which means ___________.

Accepted Answer

A) it takes 2 doses to achieve steady state drug levels in the body 
B) it takes 21 hours for the body to be drug free after drug therapy has stopped 
C) the drug should be taken every 3 hours 
D) none of the above 
A) it takes 2 doses to achieve steady state drug levels in the body 
B) it takes 21 hours for the body to be drug free after drug therapy has stopped 
C) the drug should be taken every 3 hours 
D) none of the above

Question 9

All of the following may affect the duration of a drug's effects except _______________.

Accepted Answer

A) the rate of metabolism from active drugs to inactive metabolites 
B) the rate of absorption into the bloodstream 
C) the rate of excretion of inactive metabolites 
D) the amount of protein binding 
A) the rate of metabolism from active drugs to inactive metabolites 
B) the rate of absorption into the bloodstream 
C) the rate of excretion of inactive metabolites 
D) the amount of protein binding

Question 10

A weak base is mostly excreted ___________.

Accepted Answer

A) as the uncharged base 
B) as the charged base 
C) in an alkaline urine 
D) none of the above 
A) as the uncharged base 
B) as the charged base 
C) in an alkaline urine 
D) none of the above

Question 11

All of the following statements involving first order kinetics are correct except ___________.

Accepted Answer

A) to achieve the clinical effect rapidly, a loading dose can be given 
B) the volume of distribution plays a major role in determining the half-life of a drug 
C) that doubling the dose of a drug will double the duration of drug action 
D) that drug metabolism plays a major role in determining the half-life of a drug 
A) to achieve the clinical effect rapidly, a loading dose can be given 
B) the volume of distribution plays a major role in determining the half-life of a drug 
C) that doubling the dose of a drug will double the duration of drug action 
D) that drug metabolism plays a major role in determining the half-life of a drug

Question 12

A person in shock would not respond to IM injections of medication because of which of the following reasons?

Accepted Answer

A) Diminished biliary functioning 
B) Glomerular filtration impairments 
C) Impaired liver metabolism 
D) Impaired peripheral circulation 
A) Diminished biliary functioning 
B) Glomerular filtration impairments 
C) Impaired liver metabolism 
D) Impaired peripheral circulation

Question 13

All of the following statements concerning p450 enzymes are true except that they ___________.

Accepted Answer

A) are located in the endoplasmic reticulum of liver cells 
B) consist of hundreds of isoenzymes 
C) are classified using the abbreviation CYP 
D) specifically metabolize drugs 
A) are located in the endoplasmic reticulum of liver cells 
B) consist of hundreds of isoenzymes 
C) are classified using the abbreviation CYP 
D) specifically metabolize drugs

Question 14

Elimination of drugs ___________.

Accepted Answer

A) is enhanced at old age 
B) is reduced markedly during cardiovascular diseases 
C) is most frequently increased during multiple drug therapies 
D) none of the above 
A) is enhanced at old age 
B) is reduced markedly during cardiovascular diseases 
C) is most frequently increased during multiple drug therapies 
D) none of the above

Question 15

100% bioavailability occurs with which one of the following drug administrations?

Accepted Answer

A) IV 
B) Sublingual 
C) Oral 
D) Rectal 
A) IV 
B) Sublingual 
C) Oral 
D) Rectal

Question 16

Onset of action is fastest by ___________.

Accepted Answer

A) IV injection 
B) oral administration 
C) intramuscular injection 
D) absorption is independent of the route of administration 
A) IV injection 
B) oral administration 
C) intramuscular injection 
D) absorption is independent of the route of administration

Question 17

The volume of distribution ___________.

Accepted Answer

A) estimates the amount of drug found in body tissues 
B) is determined from blood level determinations 
C) shows a high value when more drug is in body tissues compared to blood 
D) All of the above 
A) estimates the amount of drug found in body tissues 
B) is determined from blood level determinations 
C) shows a high value when more drug is in body tissues compared to blood 
D) All of the above

Question 18

First pass effect means that a drug ___________.

Accepted Answer

A) causes full clinical response the first time it passes through the target organ 
B) penetrates very quickly through cell membranes 
C) is very quickly absorbed from the GI tract 
D) is quickly metabolized after absorption from the intestines by the liver 
A) causes full clinical response the first time it passes through the target organ 
B) penetrates very quickly through cell membranes 
C) is very quickly absorbed from the GI tract 
D) is quickly metabolized after absorption from the intestines by the liver

Question 19

Exercise ___________.

Accepted Answer

A) increases drug metabolism 
B) decreases drug excretion 
C) decreases absorption 
D) and its effect on drug levels in the body are still uncertain 
A) increases drug metabolism 
B) decreases drug excretion 
C) decreases absorption 
D) and its effect on drug levels in the body are still uncertain

Question 20

Oral administration of drugs is often desired because _______________.

Accepted Answer

A) drugs are absorbed very rapidly from the GI tract 
B) it is an efficient mode of administration for all drugs 
C) it is the most convenient form of medication 
D) 100% of the drug is bioavailable 
A) drugs are absorbed very rapidly from the GI tract 
B) it is an efficient mode of administration for all drugs 
C) it is the most convenient form of medication 
D) 100% of the drug is bioavailable

Exam 3: Pharmacokinetics and Drug Dosing

Phase I biotransformation reactions include all of the following except ___________.

Small lipid soluble or lipophilic drugs penetrate cell membranes by ___________.

Metabolism or biotransformation of drugs ___________.

The rate of passive diffusion ___________.

First order kinetics means that a drug ___________.

Some drugs do not penetrate easily into the ___________.

Drugs are excreted by the kidney___________.

A drug has a half-life of 3 hours,which means ___________.

All of the following may affect the duration of a drug's effects except _______________.

A weak base is mostly excreted ___________.

All of the following statements involving first order kinetics are correct except ___________.

A person in shock would not respond to IM injections of medication because of which of the following reasons?

All of the following statements concerning p450 enzymes are true except that they ___________.

Elimination of drugs ___________.

100% bioavailability occurs with which one of the following drug administrations?

Onset of action is fastest by ___________.

The volume of distribution ___________.

First pass effect means that a drug ___________.

Exercise ___________.

Oral administration of drugs is often desired because _______________.

Introduction

Pharmacodynamics: Mechanism of Action

Adverse Drug Reactions

Drugs Acting on the Autonomic Nervous System

Antihypertensive

Drug Therapy of Coronary Atherosclerosis and Its Repercussions

Drug Therapy for Congestive Heart Failure and Cardiac Arrhythmias

Drug Therapy for Pulmonary Disorders

Anesthetic Agents

Drugs for the Treatment of Pain and Inflammation

Drug Treatment for Arthritis-Related Conditions

Selective Topics in Endocrine Pharmacology

Drug Treatment for Osteoporosis and Diabetes

Drugs for Epilepsy and Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Antispasticity Medications and Skeletal Muscle Relaxants

Pharmacologic Management of Degenerative Neurologic Disorders

Drug Treatment for Depression and Anxiety

Drug Treatment for Schizophrenia and Bipolar Illness

Antimicrobial Agents

Antiviral Agents and Selected Drugs for Fungal Infections

Cytotoxic Agents and Immune Modulation

Drugs for Gastrointestinal Disorders

Vitamins and Minerals

Topical Drugs and Treatments Used in Wound Management

Complementary and Alternative Medicine in Pharmacology

Drugs of Abuse: Anabolic Steroids and Other Doping Agents

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