Question 1

Killed vaccines work by stimulating

Accepted Answer

A)  an antibody response. 
B)  phagocytic activity. 
C)  the cell-mediated immune response. 
D)  cytotoxic T cells. 
E)  lymphocyte proliferation. 
A)  an antibody response. 
B)  phagocytic activity. 
C)  the cell-mediated immune response. 
D)  cytotoxic T cells. 
E)  lymphocyte proliferation.

Question 2

Which of the following tests do NOT detect an immune response to a virus infection?

Accepted Answer

A)  a viral neutralization test 
B)  a direct immunofluorescent antibody test 
C)  a viral hemagglutination test 
D)  a complement fixation test 
E)  a direct ELISA 
A)  a viral neutralization test 
B)  a direct immunofluorescent antibody test 
C)  a viral hemagglutination test 
D)  a complement fixation test 
E)  a direct ELISA

Question 3

The study and diagnosis of antigen-antibody interactions in the blood is known as

Accepted Answer

A)  immunology. 
B)  hematology. 
C)  serology. 
D)  cytology. 
E)  histology. 
A)  immunology. 
B)  hematology. 
C)  serology. 
D)  cytology. 
E)  histology.

Question 4

Which of the following assays is dependent on the ability of antibodies to bind to and crosslink two antigens?

Accepted Answer

A)  immunoblot tests 
B)  ELISAs 
C)  neutralization tests 
D)  direct fluorescent antibody tests 
E)  precipitation tests 
A)  immunoblot tests 
B)  ELISAs 
C)  neutralization tests 
D)  direct fluorescent antibody tests 
E)  precipitation tests

Question 5

In precipitation tests,maximum precipitation takes place when

Accepted Answer

A)  the amount of the antibody exceeds the amount of the antigen. 
B)  the amount of the antigen exceeds the amount of the antibody. 
C)  the amount of the antibody and the amount of the antigen are at optimal proportions. 
D)  a toxin is present. 
E)  a complex solution of many antibodies is used. 
A)  the amount of the antibody exceeds the amount of the antigen. 
B)  the amount of the antigen exceeds the amount of the antibody. 
C)  the amount of the antibody and the amount of the antigen are at optimal proportions. 
D)  a toxin is present. 
E)  a complex solution of many antibodies is used.

Question 6

Passive immunotherapy is used when

Accepted Answer

A)  the attenuated live vaccine is too difficult to produce. 
B)  the pathogen does not produce a toxin. 
C)  the microorganism can be genetically manipulated. 
D)  protection against a recent infection or disease is needed immediately. 
E)  a representative antigen for the microbe cannot be isolated. 
A)  the attenuated live vaccine is too difficult to produce. 
B)  the pathogen does not produce a toxin. 
C)  the microorganism can be genetically manipulated. 
D)  protection against a recent infection or disease is needed immediately. 
E)  a representative antigen for the microbe cannot be isolated.

Question 7

Which of the following statements regarding toxoids is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are produced against the toxin of the microorganism rather than the microorganism itself. 
B)  They provide lifelong immunity. 
C)  They stimulate antibody immune responses. 
D)  They have few antigenic determinants. 
E)  They are chemically or thermally modified. 
A)  They are produced against the toxin of the microorganism rather than the microorganism itself. 
B)  They provide lifelong immunity. 
C)  They stimulate antibody immune responses. 
D)  They have few antigenic determinants. 
E)  They are chemically or thermally modified.

Question 8

Passive immunotherapy does not result in immunological memory.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

What is the most efficient and cost-effective way to control infectious diseases?

Accepted Answer

A)  variolation 
B)  active immunization by vaccination 
C)  passive immunotherapy using immunoglobulins 
D)  immune testing 
E)  autoimmunization 
A)  variolation 
B)  active immunization by vaccination 
C)  passive immunotherapy using immunoglobulins 
D)  immune testing 
E)  autoimmunization

Question 10

Discuss the similarities and differences between immunodiffusion and immunochromatographic assays.

Accepted Answer

Both assays rely on the diffusion of ant

Question 11

Compare and contrast viral neutralization and viral hemagglutination tests.

Accepted Answer

Viral neutralization tests detect the pr

Question 12

The assay shown in Figure is used for what?

Accepted Answer

A)  detecting antibodies against a complex mix of antigens 
B)  verifying infection with a virus 
C)  determining the concentration of antibodies 
D)  detecting neutralizing antibodies 
E)  blood typing 
A)  detecting antibodies against a complex mix of antigens 
B)  verifying infection with a virus 
C)  determining the concentration of antibodies 
D)  detecting neutralizing antibodies 
E)  blood typing

Question 13

Edward Jenner was the physician who first used cowpox to vaccinate individuals against smallpox.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

When vaccines do not provide lifelong immunity,(adjuvants/reinoculations/subunits)must be given to maintain protection.

Accepted Answer

The answer of When vaccines do not provide lifelong immunity,(adjuvants/reinoculations/subunits)must...

Question 15

The presence of fungus in patient specimens can be detected by the ________ test.

Accepted Answer

A)  direct fluorescent antibody 
B)  indirect fluorescent antibody 
C)  hemagglutination 
D)  complement fixation 
E)  ELISA 
A)  direct fluorescent antibody 
B)  indirect fluorescent antibody 
C)  hemagglutination 
D)  complement fixation 
E)  ELISA

Question 16

The vaccine against smallpox developed by Edward Jenner is an example of a(n)________ vaccine.

Accepted Answer

A)  attenuated 
B)  whole inactivated 
C)  subunit 
D)  toxoid 
E)  combination 
A)  attenuated 
B)  whole inactivated 
C)  subunit 
D)  toxoid 
E)  combination

Question 17

The immunochromatographic assay uses enzyme-linked anti-antibodies.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

A(n)________ assay is used for rapid identification of strep (group A Streptococcus)infections.

Accepted Answer

A)  direct fluorescent antibody 
B)  immunodiffusion precipitation 
C)  viral neutralization 
D)  immunochromatographic 
E)  immunoblot 
A)  direct fluorescent antibody 
B)  immunodiffusion precipitation 
C)  viral neutralization 
D)  immunochromatographic 
E)  immunoblot

Question 19

The attenuated oral poliovirus vaccine,(OVP), is no longer administered in the U.S.A. because it

Accepted Answer

A)  is very toxic. 
B)  does not provide good immunity. 
C)  can revert to wild-type virulence. 
D)  can be spread to contacts. 
E)  can be spread to contacts and can revert to wild-type virulence. 
A)  is very toxic. 
B)  does not provide good immunity. 
C)  can revert to wild-type virulence. 
D)  can be spread to contacts. 
E)  can be spread to contacts and can revert to wild-type virulence.

Question 20

The "dipstick" illustrated in Figure is used in a(n)(immunodiffusion/immunochromatographic/ immunofluorescent)assay.

Accepted Answer

immunochro

Exam 17: Immunization and Immune Testing

Killed vaccines work by stimulating

Which of the following tests do NOT detect an immune response to a virus infection?

The study and diagnosis of antigen-antibody interactions in the blood is known as

Which of the following assays is dependent on the ability of antibodies to bind to and crosslink two antigens?

In precipitation tests,maximum precipitation takes place when

Passive immunotherapy is used when

Which of the following statements regarding toxoids is FALSE?

Passive immunotherapy does not result in immunological memory.

What is the most efficient and cost-effective way to control infectious diseases?

Discuss the similarities and differences between immunodiffusion and immunochromatographic assays.

Compare and contrast viral neutralization and viral hemagglutination tests.

The assay shown in Figure is used for what?

Edward Jenner was the physician who first used cowpox to vaccinate individuals against smallpox.

When vaccines do not provide lifelong immunity,(adjuvants/reinoculations/subunits)must be given to maintain protection.

The presence of fungus in patient specimens can be detected by the ________ test.

The vaccine against smallpox developed by Edward Jenner is an example of a(n)________ vaccine.

The immunochromatographic assay uses enzyme-linked anti-antibodies.

A(n)________ assay is used for rapid identification of strep (group A Streptococcus)infections.

The attenuated oral poliovirus vaccine,(OVP), is no longer administered in the U.S.A. because it

The "dipstick" illustrated in Figure is used in a(n)(immunodiffusion/immunochromatographic/ immunofluorescent)assay.

A Brief History of Microbiology

The Chemistry of Microbiology

Cell Structure and Function

Microscopy, Staining, and Classification

Microbial Metabolism

Microbial Nutrition and Growth

Microbial Genetics

Recombinant DNA Technology

Controlling Microbial Growth in the Environment

Controlling Microbial Growth in the Body: Antimicrobial Drugs

Characterizing and Classifying Prokaryotes

Characterizing and Classifying Eukaryotes

Characterizing and Classifying Viruses, Viroids, and Prions

Infection, Infectious Diseases, and Epidemiology

Innate Immunity

Adaptive Immunity

Immune Disorders

Pathogenic Gram Positive Bacteria

Pathogenic Gram-Negative Cocci and Bacilli

Rickettsias, Chlamydias, Spirochetes, and Vibrios

Pathogenic Fungi

Parasitic Protozoa, Helminths, and Arthropod Vectors

Pathogenic DNA Viruses

Pathogenic RNA Viruses

Applied and Environmental Microbiology

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