Question 1

The electron shells of atoms hold eight electrons each.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 2

Salts are produced from exchange reactions in which acids and bases neutralize each other.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 3

Which of the following are examples of pyrimidines?

Accepted Answer

A)  uracil and adenine 
B)  cytosine and guanine 
C)  thymine and adenine 
D)  thymine and guanine 
E)  cytosine and thymine 
A)  uracil and adenine 
B)  cytosine and guanine 
C)  thymine and adenine 
D)  thymine and guanine 
E)  cytosine and thymine E

Question 4

A(n)________ is an arrangement of atoms found in a variety of macromolecules.

Accepted Answer

A)  buffer 
B)  isotope 
C)  salt 
D)  stereoisomer 
E)  functional group 
A)  buffer 
B)  isotope 
C)  salt 
D)  stereoisomer 
E)  functional group

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of phospholipids?

Accepted Answer

A)  they are found in cellular membranes. 
B)  they can form micelles and bilayers. 
C)  they contain fatty acids that associate with water. 
D)  they contain a hydrophilic phosphate "head." 
E)  they contain two fatty acids and a phosphate functional group. 
A)  they are found in cellular membranes. 
B)  they can form micelles and bilayers. 
C)  they contain fatty acids that associate with water. 
D)  they contain a hydrophilic phosphate "head." 
E)  they contain two fatty acids and a phosphate functional group.

Question 6

DNA is composed of repeating units of sugars,phosphates,and nucleic acids.This is an example of a

Accepted Answer

A)  polymer. 
B)  monomer. 
C)  salt. 
D)  micelle. 
E)  lipid. 
A)  polymer. 
B)  monomer. 
C)  salt. 
D)  micelle. 
E)  lipid.

Question 7

Hydrogen bonds are found in all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  between phosphates in ATP. 
B)  in α-helices. 
C)  between water molecules. 
D)  in the DNA double helix between nucleotides. 
E)  between the R groups of amino acids in proteins. 
A)  between phosphates in ATP. 
B)  in α-helices. 
C)  between water molecules. 
D)  in the DNA double helix between nucleotides. 
E)  between the R groups of amino acids in proteins.

Question 8

Which of the following is an example of a polysaccharide?

Accepted Answer

A)  glycogen 
B)  glucose 
C)  fructose 
D)  deoxyribose 
E)  sucrose 
A)  glycogen 
B)  glucose 
C)  fructose 
D)  deoxyribose 
E)  sucrose

Question 9

Dehydration synthesis is a common feature of polymer production in cells.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

A weak acid may function as a

Accepted Answer

A)  transfer group. 
B)  buffer. 
C)  hydroxyl donor. 
D)  cation. 
E)  salt. 
A)  transfer group. 
B)  buffer. 
C)  hydroxyl donor. 
D)  cation. 
E)  salt.

Question 11

Matter composed of a single type of atom is known as a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  element. 
B)  mineral. 
C)  molecule. 
D)  compound. 
E)  electron. 
A)  element. 
B)  mineral. 
C)  molecule. 
D)  compound. 
E)  electron.

Question 12

The atomic mass of this stable isotope atom (Figure)is

Accepted Answer

A)  4. 
B)  6. 
C)  10. 
D)  12. 
E)  cannot be determined from the available information 
A)  4. 
B)  6. 
C)  10. 
D)  12. 
E)  cannot be determined from the available information

Question 13

Two molecules react to produce two products,one of which is water.What type of reaction is likely to be involved?

Accepted Answer

A)  a decomposition reaction 
B)  a hydrolysis reaction 
C)  an exchange reaction 
D)  a synthesis reaction 
E)  The answer cannot be determined from the available information. 
A)  a decomposition reaction 
B)  a hydrolysis reaction 
C)  an exchange reaction 
D)  a synthesis reaction 
E)  The answer cannot be determined from the available information.

Question 14

The long-term chemical energy storage molecules in plants are steroids.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Which of the following is an incorrect pairing?

Accepted Answer

A)  electrolytes; anions 
B)  synthesis; endothermic 
C)  hydrolysis; hydrogen bonds 
D)  catabolism; exothermic 
E)  dehydration; anabolism 
A)  electrolytes; anions 
B)  synthesis; endothermic 
C)  hydrolysis; hydrogen bonds 
D)  catabolism; exothermic 
E)  dehydration; anabolism

Question 16

A saturated fatty acid contains (no/one/multiple)double bonds.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A saturated fatty acid contains (no/one/multiple)double bonds....

Question 17

A molecule composed of carbon and hydrogen is a compound.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Decomposition reactions are commonly ________ reactions.

Accepted Answer

A)  endothermic 
B)  exchange 
C)  exothermic 
D)  anabolic 
E)  dehydration 
A)  endothermic 
B)  exchange 
C)  exothermic 
D)  anabolic 
E)  dehydration

Question 19

Describe the chemical properties of phospholipids that account for their behavior in water.

Accepted Answer

Phospholipids have polar phosphate "head

Question 20

Consider the structure of thymine,shown on the left in Figure above,and compare to the structure of pyrimidine X on the right.What would be the impact if X is incorporated into the structure of a DNA strand in place of thymine?

Accepted Answer

Where thymine has a nonpolar group,pyrim

Exam 2: The Chemistry of Microbiology

The electron shells of atoms hold eight electrons each.

Salts are produced from exchange reactions in which acids and bases neutralize each other.

Which of the following are examples of pyrimidines?

A(n)________ is an arrangement of atoms found in a variety of macromolecules.

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of phospholipids?

DNA is composed of repeating units of sugars,phosphates,and nucleic acids.This is an example of a

Hydrogen bonds are found in all of the following EXCEPT

Which of the following is an example of a polysaccharide?

Dehydration synthesis is a common feature of polymer production in cells.

A weak acid may function as a

Matter composed of a single type of atom is known as a(n)

The atomic mass of this stable isotope atom (Figure)is

Two molecules react to produce two products,one of which is water.What type of reaction is likely to be involved?

The long-term chemical energy storage molecules in plants are steroids.

Which of the following is an incorrect pairing?

A saturated fatty acid contains (no/one/multiple)double bonds.

A molecule composed of carbon and hydrogen is a compound.

Decomposition reactions are commonly ________ reactions.

Describe the chemical properties of phospholipids that account for their behavior in water.

Consider the structure of thymine,shown on the left in Figure above,and compare to the structure of pyrimidine X on the right.What would be the impact if X is incorporated into the structure of a DNA strand in place of thymine?

A Brief History of Microbiology

Cell Structure and Function

Microscopy, Staining, and Classification

Microbial Metabolism

Microbial Nutrition and Growth

Microbial Genetics

Recombinant DNA Technology

Controlling Microbial Growth in the Environment

Controlling Microbial Growth in the Body: Antimicrobial Drugs

Characterizing and Classifying Prokaryotes

Characterizing and Classifying Eukaryotes

Characterizing and Classifying Viruses, Viroids, and Prions

Infection, Infectious Diseases, and Epidemiology

Innate Immunity

Adaptive Immunity

Immunization and Immune Testing

Immune Disorders

Pathogenic Gram Positive Bacteria

Pathogenic Gram-Negative Cocci and Bacilli

Rickettsias, Chlamydias, Spirochetes, and Vibrios

Pathogenic Fungi

Parasitic Protozoa, Helminths, and Arthropod Vectors

Pathogenic DNA Viruses

Pathogenic RNA Viruses

Applied and Environmental Microbiology

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