Question 1

Opportunistic infections typical of AIDS but rare otherwise include

Accepted Answer

A)  tuberculosis. 
B)  Pneumocystis pneumonia. 
C)  Kaposi's sarcoma. 
D)  tuberculosis and shingles. 
E)  Pneumocystis pneumonia and Kaposi's sarcoma. 
A)  tuberculosis. 
B)  Pneumocystis pneumonia. 
C)  Kaposi's sarcoma. 
D)  tuberculosis and shingles. 
E)  Pneumocystis pneumonia and Kaposi's sarcoma. E

Question 2

Normally,complement-activating immune complexes are eliminated from the body by phagocytosis.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 3

An agricultural worker experiences difficulty breathing which becomes progressively worse.Tests show inflammation and damage of the lung tissue,but IgE antibodies and granulocytes are in the normal ranges.With which disorder of the immune system are these signs and symptoms consistent?

Accepted Answer

A)  allergic reaction 
B)  type III (immune complex-mediated) hypersensitivity 
C)  type IV (delayed) hypersensitivity 
D)  autoimmunity 
E)  acquired immunodeficiency 
A)  allergic reaction 
B)  type III (immune complex-mediated) hypersensitivity 
C)  type IV (delayed) hypersensitivity 
D)  autoimmunity 
E)  acquired immunodeficiency B

Question 4

An accident victim receives a blood transfusion.Shortly thereafter,he begins to have difficulty breathing,develops a fever,and experiences nausea and vomiting.Which of the following is the most likely interpretation of these events?

Accepted Answer

A)  the blood transfusion was mismatched. 
B)  the blood transfusion contained pyrogens. 
C)  the recipient had previously been exposed to foreign blood group antigens. 
D)  the blood transfusion was mismatched and contained pyrogens. 
E)  the blood transfusion was mismatched and the recipient had previously been exposed to the foreign blood group antigens. 
A)  the blood transfusion was mismatched. 
B)  the blood transfusion contained pyrogens. 
C)  the recipient had previously been exposed to foreign blood group antigens. 
D)  the blood transfusion was mismatched and contained pyrogens. 
E)  the blood transfusion was mismatched and the recipient had previously been exposed to the foreign blood group antigens.

Question 5

Chronic granulomatous disease is a disorder of the (first/second/third)line of immune defense.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Chronic granulomatous disease is a disorder of...

Question 6

The responses observed in type IV hypersensitivities result from the action of

Accepted Answer

A)  IgE antibodies and mast cells. 
B)  T cells and phagocytes. 
C)  IgG and complement. 
D)  autoantibodies. 
E)  inflammatory chemicals. 
A)  IgE antibodies and mast cells. 
B)  T cells and phagocytes. 
C)  IgG and complement. 
D)  autoantibodies. 
E)  inflammatory chemicals.

Question 7

Describe the tuberculin response and identify the type of response involved.

Accepted Answer

The tuberculin response is a type of del

Question 8

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE or lupus)is distinct from other autoimmune disorders because

Accepted Answer

A)  it is also a hypersensitivity disorder. 
B)  it involves an antibody response. 
C)  multiple organs and tissues are affected. 
D)  it may be triggered by an infection. 
E)  there is a genetic predisposition. 
A)  it is also a hypersensitivity disorder. 
B)  it involves an antibody response. 
C)  multiple organs and tissues are affected. 
D)  it may be triggered by an infection. 
E)  there is a genetic predisposition.

Question 9

The non-leukocyte tissue cells known as ________ produce leukotrienes and prostaglandins in response to allergen binding.

Accepted Answer

A)  neutrophils 
B)  basophils 
C)  monocytes 
D)  lymphocytes 
E)  mast cells 
A)  neutrophils 
B)  basophils 
C)  monocytes 
D)  lymphocytes 
E)  mast cells

Question 10

Although autoantibodies to nucleic acids are characteristics of (HIV/RA/SLE),many other autoantibodies are produced.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Although autoantibodies to nucleic acids are characteristics...

Question 11

A small amount of antigen is injected under the skin of a patient.After 30 minutes there is no apparent change at the injection site,but 36 hours later the patient reports that the area is red and swollen.This type of response is due to

Accepted Answer

A)  type I hypersensitivity. 
B)  type II hypersensitivity. 
C)  type III hypersensitivity. 
D)  type IV hypersensitivity. 
E)  immunodeficiency. 
A)  type I hypersensitivity. 
B)  type II hypersensitivity. 
C)  type III hypersensitivity. 
D)  type IV hypersensitivity. 
E)  immunodeficiency.

Question 12

One of the important inherited defects in the second line of immune defense is a condition called chronic granulomatous disease.What is this disease,and how is it caused?

Accepted Answer

Chronic granulomatous disease is a type

Question 13

What is the underlying problem in most acquired immunodeficiencies?

Accepted Answer

A)  declining cell-mediated immunity 
B)  declining humoral immunity 
C)  production of autoantibodies 
D)  eosinophilia 
E)  anemia 
A)  declining cell-mediated immunity 
B)  declining humoral immunity 
C)  production of autoantibodies 
D)  eosinophilia 
E)  anemia

Question 14

A young woman comes into the clinic complaining of itchy,red skin and swelling on her arms and legs.She had not been in any parks or wooded areas recently,but she had been shopping.A blood sample reveals elevated levels of granulocytes.What treatment is the physician likely to prescribe at this point?

Accepted Answer

A)  corticosteroids 
B)  cyclophosphamide 
C)  interferon 
D)  methotrexate 
E)  antihistamines 
A)  corticosteroids 
B)  cyclophosphamide 
C)  interferon 
D)  methotrexate 
E)  antihistamines

Question 15

Immunological attack on the islets of Langerhans resulting in the inability to produce insulin leads to type (I/II/IV)diabetes Mellitus.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Immunological attack on the islets of Langerhans...

Question 16

Children with Bruton-type agammaglobulinemia are highly susceptible to recurrent infections.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Which of the following reactions is the result of type IV (delayed)hypersensitivity?

Accepted Answer

A)  runny nose triggered by pollen 
B)  dermatitis in response to latex gloves 
C)  sensitivity to pet dander 
D)  skin irritation after wearing wool 
E)  breathing difficulties after exposure to mold spores 
A)  runny nose triggered by pollen 
B)  dermatitis in response to latex gloves 
C)  sensitivity to pet dander 
D)  skin irritation after wearing wool 
E)  breathing difficulties after exposure to mold spores

Question 18

Antibody binding to receptors on the thyroid may result in

Accepted Answer

A)  multiple sclerosis. 
B)  Graves' disease. 
C)  DiGeorge syndrome. 
D)  type I diabetes. 
E)  autoimmune hemolytic anemia. 
A)  multiple sclerosis. 
B)  Graves' disease. 
C)  DiGeorge syndrome. 
D)  type I diabetes. 
E)  autoimmune hemolytic anemia.

Question 19

Stress may result in the production of (corticosteroids/leukotrienes/interleukins),which may lead to acquired immunodeficiency disease.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Stress may result in the production of...

Question 20

The release of ________ during a type I hypersensitivity reaction contributes to swelling.

Accepted Answer

A)  histamine 
B)  prostaglandins 
C)  leukotrienes 
D)  both histamines and leukotrienes 
E)  both proteases and prostaglandins 
A)  histamine 
B)  prostaglandins 
C)  leukotrienes 
D)  both histamines and leukotrienes 
E)  both proteases and prostaglandins

Exam 18: Immune Disorders

Opportunistic infections typical of AIDS but rare otherwise include

Normally,complement-activating immune complexes are eliminated from the body by phagocytosis.

An agricultural worker experiences difficulty breathing which becomes progressively worse.Tests show inflammation and damage of the lung tissue,but IgE antibodies and granulocytes are in the normal ranges.With which disorder of the immune system are these signs and symptoms consistent?

An accident victim receives a blood transfusion.Shortly thereafter,he begins to have difficulty breathing,develops a fever,and experiences nausea and vomiting.Which of the following is the most likely interpretation of these events?

Chronic granulomatous disease is a disorder of the (first/second/third)line of immune defense.

The responses observed in type IV hypersensitivities result from the action of

Describe the tuberculin response and identify the type of response involved.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE or lupus)is distinct from other autoimmune disorders because

The non-leukocyte tissue cells known as ________ produce leukotrienes and prostaglandins in response to allergen binding.

Although autoantibodies to nucleic acids are characteristics of (HIV/RA/SLE),many other autoantibodies are produced.

A small amount of antigen is injected under the skin of a patient.After 30 minutes there is no apparent change at the injection site,but 36 hours later the patient reports that the area is red and swollen.This type of response is due to

One of the important inherited defects in the second line of immune defense is a condition called chronic granulomatous disease.What is this disease,and how is it caused?

What is the underlying problem in most acquired immunodeficiencies?

Immunological attack on the islets of Langerhans resulting in the inability to produce insulin leads to type (I/II/IV)diabetes Mellitus.

Children with Bruton-type agammaglobulinemia are highly susceptible to recurrent infections.

Which of the following reactions is the result of type IV (delayed)hypersensitivity?

Antibody binding to receptors on the thyroid may result in

Stress may result in the production of (corticosteroids/leukotrienes/interleukins),which may lead to acquired immunodeficiency disease.

The release of ________ during a type I hypersensitivity reaction contributes to swelling.

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