Question 1

A microbe that grows only at the bottom of a tube of thioglycollate medium is probably a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  obligate aerobe. 
B)  facultative anaerobe. 
C)  aerotolerant anaerobe. 
D)  microaerophile. 
E)  obligate anaerobe. 
A)  obligate aerobe. 
B)  facultative anaerobe. 
C)  aerotolerant anaerobe. 
D)  microaerophile. 
E)  obligate anaerobe. E

Question 2

The ________ of a population is the time it takes for the cells to double in number.

Accepted Answer

A)  binary fission 
B)  exponential growth 
C)  generation time 
D)  arithmetic growth 
E)  log phase 
A)  binary fission 
B)  exponential growth 
C)  generation time 
D)  arithmetic growth 
E)  log phase C

Question 3

MacConkey agar plates represent ________ medium.

Accepted Answer

A)  a minimal 
B)  a selective 
C)  a differential 
D)  both a differential and a selective 
E)  both a minimal and a selective 
A)  a minimal 
B)  a selective 
C)  a differential 
D)  both a differential and a selective 
E)  both a minimal and a selective D

Question 4

Blood agar plates are an example of ________ medium.

Accepted Answer

A)  differential 
B)  selective 
C)  reducing 
D)  defined 
E)  transport 
A)  differential 
B)  selective 
C)  reducing 
D)  defined 
E)  transport

Question 5

A new prokaryote is recovered from a remote saline hot spring.Design a set of experiments to determine whether the organism is thermophilic or thermoduric,halophilic or halotolerant.

Accepted Answer

The experimental design should include a

Question 6

The only effective way to store bacterial cultures for short periods of time is to arrest their metabolism by freezing.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Genetic methods of detecting microorganisms reveal that the number of bacterial species in nature exceeds previous estimates by several orders of magnitude.In human mouths,for example,it is estimated that 500-700 microbial species are normally present.Explain why previous estimates were low.

Accepted Answer

Previous estimates of microbial diversit

Question 8

A sample placed into fresh medium is initially in the (lag/log/stationary)phase of microbial growth in most instances.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A sample placed into fresh medium is...

Question 9

A (Coulter counter/cytometer/spectrophotometer)can measure changes in the turbidity of a bacterial culture.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A (Coulter counter/cytometer/spectrophotometer)can measure changes in the...

Question 10

Human pathogens are classified as

Accepted Answer

A)  thermoduric. 
B)  thermophiles. 
C)  mesophiles. 
D)  hyperthermophiles. 
E)  psychrophiles. 
A)  thermoduric. 
B)  thermophiles. 
C)  mesophiles. 
D)  hyperthermophiles. 
E)  psychrophiles.

Question 11

A cell that uses an organic carbon source and obtains energy from light would be called a

Accepted Answer

A)  photoheterotroph. 
B)  lithoautotroph. 
C)  photoautotroph. 
D)  chemoheterotroph. 
E)  chemoautotroph. 
A)  photoheterotroph. 
B)  lithoautotroph. 
C)  photoautotroph. 
D)  chemoheterotroph. 
E)  chemoautotroph.

Question 12

The use of salt and sugar in preserving various types of foods is an application of which of the following concepts?

Accepted Answer

A)  nitrogen fixation 
B)  osmotic pressure 
C)  pH 
D)  hydrostatic pressure 
E)  quorum sensing 
A)  nitrogen fixation 
B)  osmotic pressure 
C)  pH 
D)  hydrostatic pressure 
E)  quorum sensing

Question 13

A microorganism found living under conditions of high ________ is a barophile.

Accepted Answer

A)  pH values 
B)  oxygen concentrations 
C)  hydrostatic pressure 
D)  carbon dioxide levels 
E)  salt concentrations 
A)  pH values 
B)  oxygen concentrations 
C)  hydrostatic pressure 
D)  carbon dioxide levels 
E)  salt concentrations

Question 14

At temperatures higher than the maximum growth temperature for an organism,

Accepted Answer

A)  proteins are permanently denatured. 
B)  membranes become too fluid for proper function. 
C)  hydrogen bonds within molecules are broken. 
D)  hydrogen bonds are broken and proteins are permanently denatured. 
E)  hydrogen bonds are broken, proteins are denatured, and membranes become too fluid. 
A)  proteins are permanently denatured. 
B)  membranes become too fluid for proper function. 
C)  hydrogen bonds within molecules are broken. 
D)  hydrogen bonds are broken and proteins are permanently denatured. 
E)  hydrogen bonds are broken, proteins are denatured, and membranes become too fluid.

Question 15

The preferred method for long term storage of bacteria is (freezing/refrigeration/lyophilization).

Accepted Answer

The answer of The preferred method for long term storage...

Question 16

Some organisms use vitamins as (oxidizers/antioxidants/peroxidases)to be able to live as aerobes.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Some organisms use vitamins as (oxidizers/antioxidants/peroxidases)to be...

Question 17

The ________ method provides an estimate of the CFUs (colony-forming units)in a sample.

Accepted Answer

A)  Coulter-counter 
B)  viable plate-count 
C)  streak-plate 
D)  turbidity 
E)  direct microscopic-count 
A)  Coulter-counter 
B)  viable plate-count 
C)  streak-plate 
D)  turbidity 
E)  direct microscopic-count

Question 18

When cells are metabolically active but not dividing,they are in the ________ phase.

Accepted Answer

A)  stationary 
B)  log 
C)  lag 
D)  death 
E)  exponential 
A)  stationary 
B)  log 
C)  lag 
D)  death 
E)  exponential

Question 19

Enrichment culturing may require use of controlled environmental conditions.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Joan wants to discover a microbe capable of degrading an environmental contaminant.Which of the following culturing methods would be most effective for isolation of such an organism?

Accepted Answer

A)  cell culture 
B)  chemostat 
C)  quorum sensing 
D)  enrichment culture 
E)  differential culture 
A)  cell culture 
B)  chemostat 
C)  quorum sensing 
D)  enrichment culture 
E)  differential culture

Exam 6: Microbial Nutrition and Growth

A microbe that grows only at the bottom of a tube of thioglycollate medium is probably a(n)

The ________ of a population is the time it takes for the cells to double in number.

MacConkey agar plates represent ________ medium.

Blood agar plates are an example of ________ medium.

A new prokaryote is recovered from a remote saline hot spring.Design a set of experiments to determine whether the organism is thermophilic or thermoduric,halophilic or halotolerant.

The only effective way to store bacterial cultures for short periods of time is to arrest their metabolism by freezing.

Genetic methods of detecting microorganisms reveal that the number of bacterial species in nature exceeds previous estimates by several orders of magnitude.In human mouths,for example,it is estimated that 500-700 microbial species are normally present.Explain why previous estimates were low.

A sample placed into fresh medium is initially in the (lag/log/stationary)phase of microbial growth in most instances.

A (Coulter counter/cytometer/spectrophotometer)can measure changes in the turbidity of a bacterial culture.

Human pathogens are classified as

A cell that uses an organic carbon source and obtains energy from light would be called a

The use of salt and sugar in preserving various types of foods is an application of which of the following concepts?

A microorganism found living under conditions of high ________ is a barophile.

At temperatures higher than the maximum growth temperature for an organism,

The preferred method for long term storage of bacteria is (freezing/refrigeration/lyophilization).

Some organisms use vitamins as (oxidizers/antioxidants/peroxidases)to be able to live as aerobes.

The ________ method provides an estimate of the CFUs (colony-forming units)in a sample.

When cells are metabolically active but not dividing,they are in the ________ phase.

Enrichment culturing may require use of controlled environmental conditions.

Joan wants to discover a microbe capable of degrading an environmental contaminant.Which of the following culturing methods would be most effective for isolation of such an organism?

A Brief History of Microbiology

The Chemistry of Microbiology

Cell Structure and Function

Microscopy, Staining, and Classification

Microbial Metabolism

Microbial Genetics

Recombinant DNA Technology

Controlling Microbial Growth in the Environment

Controlling Microbial Growth in the Body: Antimicrobial Drugs

Characterizing and Classifying Prokaryotes

Characterizing and Classifying Eukaryotes

Characterizing and Classifying Viruses, Viroids, and Prions

Infection, Infectious Diseases, and Epidemiology

Innate Immunity

Adaptive Immunity

Immunization and Immune Testing

Immune Disorders

Pathogenic Gram Positive Bacteria

Pathogenic Gram-Negative Cocci and Bacilli

Rickettsias, Chlamydias, Spirochetes, and Vibrios

Pathogenic Fungi

Parasitic Protozoa, Helminths, and Arthropod Vectors

Pathogenic DNA Viruses

Pathogenic RNA Viruses

Applied and Environmental Microbiology

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