Question 1

The AV valve that is located on the same side of the heart as the origin of the aorta is the

Accepted Answer

A)  bicuspid or mitral valve. 
B)  tricuspid valve. 
C)  aortic semilunar valve. 
D)  pulmonary semilunar valve. 
E)  coronary sinus valve. 
A)  bicuspid or mitral valve. 
B)  tricuspid valve. 
C)  aortic semilunar valve. 
D)  pulmonary semilunar valve. 
E)  coronary sinus valve.

Question 2

What is the importance of the delay in the action potential in the AV node?

Accepted Answer

A)  It allows the action potential to reach both ventricles at the same time. 
B)  It allows an action potential to reach the left atrium so both atria contract together. 
C)  It allows an action potential to reach the left atrium so both atria contract together, before the ventricles contract. 
D)  It allows time for the atria to be filled with blood. 
A)  It allows the action potential to reach both ventricles at the same time. 
B)  It allows an action potential to reach the left atrium so both atria contract together. 
C)  It allows an action potential to reach the left atrium so both atria contract together, before the ventricles contract. 
D)  It allows time for the atria to be filled with blood.

Question 3

Blood in the superior vena cava will enter the _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  aorta 
B)  right atrium 
C)  pulmonary trunk 
D)  pulmonary arteries 
E)  pulmonary veins 
A)  aorta 
B)  right atrium 
C)  pulmonary trunk 
D)  pulmonary arteries 
E)  pulmonary veins

Question 4

The function of the pericardial fluid is to

Accepted Answer

A)  reduce friction between the pericardial membranes. 
B)  lubricate the heart valves. 
C)  replace any blood that is lost. 
D)  provide oxygen and nutrients to the endocardium. 
E)  stimulate the heart. 
A)  reduce friction between the pericardial membranes. 
B)  lubricate the heart valves. 
C)  replace any blood that is lost. 
D)  provide oxygen and nutrients to the endocardium. 
E)  stimulate the heart.

Question 5

Which of the following events occurs first?

Accepted Answer

A)  threshold 
B)  depolarization 
C)  early repolarization 
D)  final repolarization 
E)  pacemaker potential 
A)  threshold 
B)  depolarization 
C)  early repolarization 
D)  final repolarization 
E)  pacemaker potential

Question 6

Which of these statements is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  The left coronary artery is a branch of the left pulmonary vein. 
B)  The coronary sinus returns blood to the left atrium. 
C)  The coronary arteries arise from the pulmonary trunk. 
D)  The great cardiac vein collects blood from the left anterior surface of the heart. 
E)  The pulmonary arteries carry blood to the left atrium. 
A)  The left coronary artery is a branch of the left pulmonary vein. 
B)  The coronary sinus returns blood to the left atrium. 
C)  The coronary arteries arise from the pulmonary trunk. 
D)  The great cardiac vein collects blood from the left anterior surface of the heart. 
E)  The pulmonary arteries carry blood to the left atrium.

Question 7

What cardiac arrhythmia will have no QRS complex as a symptom?

Accepted Answer

A)  atrial fibrillation 
B)  ventricular fibrillation 
C)  bradycardia 
D)  premature ventricular contractions 
A)  atrial fibrillation 
B)  ventricular fibrillation 
C)  bradycardia 
D)  premature ventricular contractions

Question 8

As soon as left ventricular pressure exceeds the pressure in the aorta, the

Accepted Answer

A)  AV valves open. 
B)  aortic semilunar valve opens. 
C)  atria pump blood into the ventricles. 
D)  ventricles pump blood into the atria. 
E)  pulmonary semilunar valve closes. 
A)  AV valves open. 
B)  aortic semilunar valve opens. 
C)  atria pump blood into the ventricles. 
D)  ventricles pump blood into the atria. 
E)  pulmonary semilunar valve closes.

Question 9

End-diastolic volume minus end-systolic volume is equal to

Accepted Answer

A)  cardiac output. 
B)  cardiac reserve. 
C)  pulse volume. 
D)  venous return. 
E)  stroke volume. 
A)  cardiac output. 
B)  cardiac reserve. 
C)  pulse volume. 
D)  venous return. 
E)  stroke volume.

Question 10

The cardiac electrical impulse normally begins spontaneously in the SA node because

Accepted Answer

A)  of the superior location of the SA node in the right atrium. 
B)  the SA node is the only area of the heart capable of spontaneous depolarization. 
C)  of the rich sympathetic innervation of the SA node. 
D)  this area produces action potentials more rapidly than any other portion of the conduction system. 
E)  of action potentials from the cardioregulatory center. 
A)  of the superior location of the SA node in the right atrium. 
B)  the SA node is the only area of the heart capable of spontaneous depolarization. 
C)  of the rich sympathetic innervation of the SA node. 
D)  this area produces action potentials more rapidly than any other portion of the conduction system. 
E)  of action potentials from the cardioregulatory center.

Question 11

Under resting conditions, the normal stroke volume is approximately ___________.

Accepted Answer

A)  55 mL 
B)  70 mL 
C)  110 mL 
D)  125 mL 
E)  180 mL 
A)  55 mL 
B)  70 mL 
C)  110 mL 
D)  125 mL 
E)  180 mL

Question 12

The ion primarily responsible for depolarization in pacemaker cells is ______________, whereas the ion primarily responsible for this in other cardiac cells is _____________.

Accepted Answer

A)  sodium; calcium 
B)  calcium; sodium 
C)  potassium; sodium 
D)  calcium; potassium 
A)  sodium; calcium 
B)  calcium; sodium 
C)  potassium; sodium 
D)  calcium; potassium

Question 13

The relationship between preload and stroke volume is known as

Accepted Answer

A)  extrinsic regulation. 
B)  cardiac reserve. 
C)  Starling Law of the heart. 
D)  minute volume. 
A)  extrinsic regulation. 
B)  cardiac reserve. 
C)  Starling Law of the heart. 
D)  minute volume.

Question 14

Which of the following areas of the conduction system would produce spontaneous action potentials most frequently if the SA node were not functioning?

Accepted Answer

A)  AV bundle 
B)  Purkinje fibers 
C)  AV node 
D)  bundle branch 
E)  the pacemaker 
A)  AV bundle 
B)  Purkinje fibers 
C)  AV node 
D)  bundle branch 
E)  the pacemaker

Question 15

A serious condition in which a large amount of fluid accumulates in the pericardial cavity and puts pressure of the heart is

Accepted Answer

A)  endocarditis. 
B)  pericarditis. 
C)  a myocardial infarction. 
D)  cardiac tamponade. 
A)  endocarditis. 
B)  pericarditis. 
C)  a myocardial infarction. 
D)  cardiac tamponade.

Question 16

The P wave of an ECG indicates

Accepted Answer

A)  atrial depolarization. 
B)  atrial repolarization. 
C)  ventricular depolarization. 
D)  ventricular repolarization. 
E)  threshold. 
A)  atrial depolarization. 
B)  atrial repolarization. 
C)  ventricular depolarization. 
D)  ventricular repolarization. 
E)  threshold.

Question 17

The action potentials are slowed at the AV node to allow the

Accepted Answer

A)  ventricles to repolarize. 
B)  ventricles to completely empty of blood. 
C)  pacemaker to reset for the next beat. 
D)  atria to complete their contraction. 
E)  atria to begin their contraction. 
A)  ventricles to repolarize. 
B)  ventricles to completely empty of blood. 
C)  pacemaker to reset for the next beat. 
D)  atria to complete their contraction. 
E)  atria to begin their contraction.

Question 18

Which of the following factors would cause an increase in heart rate?

Accepted Answer

A)  increased parasympathetic stimulation 
B)  stimulation of baroreceptors in the aorta 
C)  increased epinephrine release from the adrenal medulla 
D)  increased production of atrial natriuretic factor 
E)  vagal stimulation 
A)  increased parasympathetic stimulation 
B)  stimulation of baroreceptors in the aorta 
C)  increased epinephrine release from the adrenal medulla 
D)  increased production of atrial natriuretic factor 
E)  vagal stimulation

Question 19

Stimulation of the heart via the sympathetic nerves would

Accepted Answer

A)  decrease heart rate. 
B)  decrease stroke volume. 
C)  increase the force of ventricular contraction. 
D)  increase end-systolic volume. 
E)  not affect heart rate and force of contraction. 
A)  decrease heart rate. 
B)  decrease stroke volume. 
C)  increase the force of ventricular contraction. 
D)  increase end-systolic volume. 
E)  not affect heart rate and force of contraction.

Question 20

Which of the following is mismatched?

Accepted Answer

A)  opening of sodium channels - depolarization 
B)  closing of calcium channels - plateau phase 
C)  opening of potassium channels - rapid repolarization 
D)  closure of sodium channels - early repolarization 
E)  opening of calcium channels - plateau phase 
A)  opening of sodium channels - depolarization 
B)  closing of calcium channels - plateau phase 
C)  opening of potassium channels - rapid repolarization 
D)  closure of sodium channels - early repolarization 
E)  opening of calcium channels - plateau phase

Exam 20: Cardiovascular System: the Heart

The AV valve that is located on the same side of the heart as the origin of the aorta is the

What is the importance of the delay in the action potential in the AV node?

Blood in the superior vena cava will enter the _____.

The function of the pericardial fluid is to

Which of the following events occurs first?

Which of these statements is true?

What cardiac arrhythmia will have no QRS complex as a symptom?

As soon as left ventricular pressure exceeds the pressure in the aorta, the

End-diastolic volume minus end-systolic volume is equal to

The cardiac electrical impulse normally begins spontaneously in the SA node because

Under resting conditions, the normal stroke volume is approximately ___________.

The ion primarily responsible for depolarization in pacemaker cells is ______________, whereas the ion primarily responsible for this in other cardiac cells is _____________.

The relationship between preload and stroke volume is known as

Which of the following areas of the conduction system would produce spontaneous action potentials most frequently if the SA node were not functioning?

A serious condition in which a large amount of fluid accumulates in the pericardial cavity and puts pressure of the heart is

The P wave of an ECG indicates

The action potentials are slowed at the AV node to allow the

Which of the following factors would cause an increase in heart rate?

Stimulation of the heart via the sympathetic nerves would

Which of the following is mismatched?

The Human Organism

The Chemical Basis of Life

Cell Biology

Tissues

Integumentary System

Skeletal System: Bones and Bone Tissue

Skeletal System: Gross Anatomy

Joints and Movement

Muscular System: Histology and Physiology

Muscular System: Gross Anatomy

Functional Organization of Nervous Tissue

Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves

Brain and Cranial Nerves

Integration of Nervous System Functions

The Special Senses

Autonomic Nervous System

Functional Organization of the Endocrine System

Endocrine Glands

Cardiovascular System: Blood

Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels and Circulation

Lymphatic System and Immunity

Respiratory System

Digestive System

Nutrition, Metabolism, and Temperature Regulation

Urinary System

Water, Electrolyte, and Acid-Based Balance

Reproductive System

Development, Growth, Aging, and Genetics

Filters

The ion primarily responsible for depolarization in pacemaker cells is __, whereas the ion primarily responsible for this in other cardiac cells is _.