Exam 14: The Innate Immune Response

Please select the correct sequence for the steps of phagocytosis: 1) Conditions in the phagosome change, increasing its antimicrobial activities. 2) The phagocytic cell binds microbial invaders and engulfs them, internalizing them in a phagosome. 3) Phagocytic cells are recruited to the site of an injury by chemoattractants.  4) Within the phagolysosome, various factors work together to destroy an engulfed invader. 5) The phagosome fuses with enzyme-filled lysosomes, forming a phagolysosome.

Which statement about complement proteins is False?

Interleukins are

C3a and C5a are involved in

Which is not involved in adaptive immunity?

When microbes are introduced into normally sterile body sites, or when tissues are damaged, inflammation occurs. The purpose of this is to contain a site of damage, localize the response, eliminate the invader, and restore tissue function. Select the correct sequence of events for an inflammation response. 1) The phagocytes then produce other adhesion molecules that strengthen their attachment to the endothelial cells. 2) Tight junctions between endothelial cells are disrupted, allowing leakage from the vessels into the tissue. 3) Endothelial cells of the blood vessels produce adhesion molecules that loosely "grab" phagocytic cells. 4) In response to various chemoattractants, the phagocytes leave the blood vessels and move into the surrounding tissues. 5) The diameter of local blood vessels increases due to the action of inflammatory mediators, slowing blood flow in the area.

Which of the following are phagocytic cells found in the human body?

In which organism were phagocytes first reported?

Which of the following statements about interferon is incorrect?

Fever allows the body to fight microbial invaders by which of the following mechanisms?

In humans, the stem cells from which all blood cells arise are found in the

Which of the following is mismatched regarding protection of the body from pathogens?

The key molecule upon which all complement pathways converge is ________.

Neutrophils are the second phagocytic cell to respond to an infection.

The attraction of leukocytes to the area of inflammation is referred to as

Which of the following are referred to as mononuclear phagocytes?

Gram-negative bacteria are less susceptible to complement lysis than Gram-positive bacteria.

Which of the following is least likely to be detected by pattern recognition receptors?

Iron

Lymphocytes are the cells primarily responsible for the adaptive immune responses.