Question 1

Which of the following illustrates a deamination reaction?

Accepted Answer

A) Removal of the amino group from an amino acid 
B) Separation of an amino acid from a peptide chain 
C) Addition of an amino group to form a new amino acid 
D) Addition of an amino acid to form a larger peptide chain 
A) Removal of the amino group from an amino acid 
B) Separation of an amino acid from a peptide chain 
C) Addition of an amino group to form a new amino acid 
D) Addition of an amino acid to form a larger peptide chain

Question 2

Proteins, because they attract hydrogen ions, can act as

Accepted Answer

A) acids. 
B) buffers. 
C) enzymes. 
D) antibodies. 
A) acids. 
B) buffers. 
C) enzymes. 
D) antibodies.

Question 3

The following amino acids are linked together: glycine-lysine-valine.This compound is a

Accepted Answer

A) dipeptide. 
B) tripeptide. 
C) polypeptide. 
D) oligopeptide. 
A) dipeptide. 
B) tripeptide. 
C) polypeptide. 
D) oligopeptide.

Question 4

Your college dormitory roommate, James, told you that he's had anemia for quite some time and that it's from having abnormally-shaped hemoglobin.What type of anemia does James have?

Accepted Answer

A) Sickle-cell anemia 
B) Macrocytic anemia 
C) Iron-deficiency anemia 
D) Low oxygen-carrying anemia 
A) Sickle-cell anemia 
B) Macrocytic anemia 
C) Iron-deficiency anemia 
D) Low oxygen-carrying anemia

Question 5

Kwashiorkor typically develops in children of ages

Accepted Answer

A) birth-6 months. 
B) 6-12 months. 
C) 18-24 months. 
D) 2½-5 years. 
A) birth-6 months. 
B) 6-12 months. 
C) 18-24 months. 
D) 2½-5 years.

Question 6

What element is found in proteins but not in carbohydrates and fats?

Accepted Answer

A) Carbon 
B) Oxygen 
C) Calcium 
D) Nitrogen 
A) Carbon 
B) Oxygen 
C) Calcium 
D) Nitrogen

Question 7

Which of the following are precursors of urea synthesis?

Accepted Answer

A) All amino acids 
B) Animal proteins only 
C) Essential amino acids only 
D) Nonessential amino acids only 
A) All amino acids 
B) Animal proteins only 
C) Essential amino acids only 
D) Nonessential amino acids only

Question 8

What is a "limiting" amino acid in a protein?

Accepted Answer

A) A nonessential amino acid present in high amounts, which inhibits protein synthesis 
B) An amino acid of the wrong structure to be utilized for protein synthesis efficiently 
C) An essential amino acid present in insufficient quantity for body protein synthesis to take place 
D) An amino acid that limits the absorption of other essential amino acids by competing with them for transport sites within the GI tract 
A) A nonessential amino acid present in high amounts, which inhibits protein synthesis 
B) An amino acid of the wrong structure to be utilized for protein synthesis efficiently 
C) An essential amino acid present in insufficient quantity for body protein synthesis to take place 
D) An amino acid that limits the absorption of other essential amino acids by competing with them for transport sites within the GI tract

Question 9

How many different kinds of amino acids make up proteins?

Accepted Answer

A) 8 
B) 10 
C) 14 
D) 20 
A) 8 
B) 10 
C) 14 
D) 20

Question 10

All of the following are fates of amino acids in the intestinal tract except

Accepted Answer

A) some may be used for energy by the intestinal cells. 
B) some may be used for synthesis of gastric protease. 
C) some may be used for synthesis of proteins by the intestinal cells. 
D) they may be transported across the intestinal cell membrane to the capillaries. 
A) some may be used for energy by the intestinal cells. 
B) some may be used for synthesis of gastric protease. 
C) some may be used for synthesis of proteins by the intestinal cells. 
D) they may be transported across the intestinal cell membrane to the capillaries.

Question 11

What is the fate of excess dietary protein?

Accepted Answer

A) After absorption, the liver will store the extra amino acids 
B) After absorption, the extra amino acids will be rapidly degraded 
C) Digestion will be decreased by 30 to 60%, resulting in less absorption 
D) After absorption, extra proteins will be synthesized and stored for use when protein intake returns to normal 
A) After absorption, the liver will store the extra amino acids 
B) After absorption, the extra amino acids will be rapidly degraded 
C) Digestion will be decreased by 30 to 60%, resulting in less absorption 
D) After absorption, extra proteins will be synthesized and stored for use when protein intake returns to normal

Question 12

Which of the following is not an essential amino acid in human nutrition?

Accepted Answer

A) Proline 
B) Threonine 
C) Methionine 
D) Tryptophan 
A) Proline 
B) Threonine 
C) Methionine 
D) Tryptophan

Question 13

What protein is intimately involved in the formation of scar tissue in wound healing?

Accepted Answer

A) Albumin 
B) Thrombin 
C) Collagen 
D) Hydroxyproline 
A) Albumin 
B) Thrombin 
C) Collagen 
D) Hydroxyproline

Question 14

Which of the following is involved in the clotting of blood?

Accepted Answer

A) Opsin 
B) Fibrin 
C) Collagen 
D) Transferrin 
A) Opsin 
B) Fibrin 
C) Collagen 
D) Transferrin

Question 15

Which of the following is a feature of protein nutrition?

Accepted Answer

A) Protein in body tissues is preserved fairly well on low-energy diets 
B) The protein RDA assumes that dietary protein is from a mix of low- and high-quality sources 
C) Many people in the United States and Canada consume somewhat less protein than is needed 
D) Athletes in training benefit from increasing their protein energy intake to 45-50% of total daily energy 
A) Protein in body tissues is preserved fairly well on low-energy diets 
B) The protein RDA assumes that dietary protein is from a mix of low- and high-quality sources 
C) Many people in the United States and Canada consume somewhat less protein than is needed 
D) Athletes in training benefit from increasing their protein energy intake to 45-50% of total daily energy

Question 16

All of the following are characteristics of phenylketonuria except

Accepted Answer

A) it is a single-gene disorder. 
B) it leads to a dietary requirement for tyrosine. 
C) it is treated by total elimination of dietary phenylalanine. 
D) it results in mental retardation unless treatment is started in infancy. 
A) it is a single-gene disorder. 
B) it leads to a dietary requirement for tyrosine. 
C) it is treated by total elimination of dietary phenylalanine. 
D) it results in mental retardation unless treatment is started in infancy.

Question 17

In the study of protein nutrition, what term describes the amount of amino acids absorbed from a given amount of protein consumed?

Accepted Answer

A) Digestibility 
B) Completeness 
C) Complementary Index 
D) Comparative Equivalence 
A) Digestibility 
B) Completeness 
C) Complementary Index 
D) Comparative Equivalence

Question 18

What is the composition of a tripeptide?

Accepted Answer

A) One amino acid with three carbons 
B) Three amino acids bonded together 
C) One amino acid with three acid groups 
D) Three small protein chains bonded together 
A) One amino acid with three carbons 
B) Three amino acids bonded together 
C) One amino acid with three acid groups 
D) Three small protein chains bonded together

Question 19

What type of diet is advised to rehabilitate a severely malnourished child?

Accepted Answer

A) Low protein 
B) High protein 
C) Liberal quantities of lactose-free powdered milk until growth rate is restored 
D) High energy until normal body mass index is achieved, then moderate energy thereafter 
A) Low protein 
B) High protein 
C) Liberal quantities of lactose-free powdered milk until growth rate is restored 
D) High energy until normal body mass index is achieved, then moderate energy thereafter

Question 20

What function does a buffer perform?

Accepted Answer

A) Helps emulsify fats 
B) Helps maintain a constant pH 
C) Facilitates chemical reactions 
D) Helps protect against plaque buildup 
A) Helps emulsify fats 
B) Helps maintain a constant pH 
C) Facilitates chemical reactions 
D) Helps protect against plaque buildup

Exam 6: Protein: Amino Acids

Which of the following illustrates a deamination reaction?

Proteins, because they attract hydrogen ions, can act as

The following amino acids are linked together: glycine-lysine-valine.This compound is a

Your college dormitory roommate, James, told you that he's had anemia for quite some time and that it's from having abnormally-shaped hemoglobin.What type of anemia does James have?

Kwashiorkor typically develops in children of ages

What element is found in proteins but not in carbohydrates and fats?

Which of the following are precursors of urea synthesis?

What is a "limiting" amino acid in a protein?

How many different kinds of amino acids make up proteins?

All of the following are fates of amino acids in the intestinal tract except

What is the fate of excess dietary protein?

Which of the following is not an essential amino acid in human nutrition?

What protein is intimately involved in the formation of scar tissue in wound healing?

Which of the following is involved in the clotting of blood?

Which of the following is a feature of protein nutrition?

All of the following are characteristics of phenylketonuria except

In the study of protein nutrition, what term describes the amount of amino acids absorbed from a given amount of protein consumed?

What is the composition of a tripeptide?

What type of diet is advised to rehabilitate a severely malnourished child?

What function does a buffer perform?

An Overview of Nutrition

Planning a Healthy Diet

Digestion, Absorption, and Transport

The Carbohydrates: Sugars, Starches and Fibers

The Lipids: Triglycerides, Phospholipids, and Sterols

Metabolism: Transformations and Interactions

Energy Balance and Body Composition

Weight Management: Overweight, Obesity, and Underweight

The Water-Soluble Vitamins: B Vitamins and Vitamin C

The Fat-Soluble Vitamins: A, D, E, and K

Water and the Major Minerals

The Trace Minerals

Life Cycle Nutrition: Pregnancy and Lactation

Life Cycle Nutrition: Infancy, Childhood, and Adolescence

Life Cycle Nutrition: Adulthood and the Later Years

Nutrition Care and Assessment

Nutrition Intervention

Medications, Diet-Drug Interactions, and Herbal Products

Enteral Nutrition Support

Parenteral Nutrition Support

Metabolic and Respiratory Stress

Upper Gastrointestinal Disorders

Lower Gastrointestinal Disorders

Liver Disease and Gallstones

Diabetes Mellitus

Cardiovascular Diseases

Kidney Diseases

Cancer and Hiv Infection

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