Question 1

What is the name of the inactive form of the protein-splitting enzyme in the stomach?

Accepted Answer

A) Peptidase 
B) Propepsin 
C) Pepsinogen 
D) Propeptidase 
A) Peptidase 
B) Propepsin 
C) Pepsinogen 
D) Propeptidase

Question 2

After digestion of proteins, what products are absorbed into the circulation?

Accepted Answer

A) Free amino acids only 
B) Free amino acids and oligopeptides 
C) Free amino acids and dipeptides only 
D) Free amino acids, and a few dipeptides and tripeptides 
A) Free amino acids only 
B) Free amino acids and oligopeptides 
C) Free amino acids and dipeptides only 
D) Free amino acids, and a few dipeptides and tripeptides

Question 3

Which of the following describes a process in protein synthesis?

Accepted Answer

A) The code to make a protein is carried by a strand of messenger RNA 
B) The final step in completing the protein is carried out in the mitochondria 
C) The function of transfer RNA is to assist in absorption of amino acids into the cell 
D) The DNA binds to ribosomes and directs uptake of specific amino acids to form the peptide chain 
A) The code to make a protein is carried by a strand of messenger RNA 
B) The final step in completing the protein is carried out in the mitochondria 
C) The function of transfer RNA is to assist in absorption of amino acids into the cell 
D) The DNA binds to ribosomes and directs uptake of specific amino acids to form the peptide chain

Question 4

All of the following are characteristics of protein-energy malnutrition except

Accepted Answer

A) it is found in hospitalized adults. 
B) it is found in elderly living alone. 
C) it almost always exhibits overt signs. 
D) it is common in people with anorexia nervosa. 
A) it is found in hospitalized adults. 
B) it is found in elderly living alone. 
C) it almost always exhibits overt signs. 
D) it is common in people with anorexia nervosa.

Question 5

Which of the following animal-derived proteins is classified as a poor-quality protein?

Accepted Answer

A) Fish 
B) Cheese 
C) Gelatin 
D) Turkey 
A) Fish 
B) Cheese 
C) Gelatin 
D) Turkey

Question 6

How do sodium and potassium travel into and out of cells?

Accepted Answer

A) Antidiuretic hormone transports potassium and prodiuretic hormone carries sodium 
B) There are specific transport proteins in the blood that deliver the minerals to the cell cytoplasm 
C) The balance of insulin and glucagon determines the movement of these minerals into and out of cells 
D) There are transport proteins within the cell membrane that pick up and release the minerals across the membrane 
A) Antidiuretic hormone transports potassium and prodiuretic hormone carries sodium 
B) There are specific transport proteins in the blood that deliver the minerals to the cell cytoplasm 
C) The balance of insulin and glucagon determines the movement of these minerals into and out of cells 
D) There are transport proteins within the cell membrane that pick up and release the minerals across the membrane

Question 7

Chronic protein-energy malnutrition in children is characterized by

Accepted Answer

A) hyperactivity. 
B) shrunken liver. 
C) short height for age. 
D) low weight for height. 
A) hyperactivity. 
B) shrunken liver. 
C) short height for age. 
D) low weight for height.

Question 8

The study of how environmental factors influence the expression of genes without altering the DNA is known as

Accepted Answer

A) epigenetics. 
B) nucleotide sequencing. 
C) microarray technology. 
D) epidemiological consequences. 
A) epigenetics. 
B) nucleotide sequencing. 
C) microarray technology. 
D) epidemiological consequences.

Question 9

The study of how food interacts with genes is known as

Accepted Answer

A) nutritional genomics. 
B) chromosomals. 
C) nucleotide expression. 
D) mutagenic expression. 
A) nutritional genomics. 
B) chromosomals. 
C) nucleotide expression. 
D) mutagenic expression.

Question 10

What is complementary protein nutrition?

Accepted Answer

A) A dietary program that involves eating vegetable and animal proteins on alternating days 
B) A strategy that combines plant proteins in the same day to improve the balance of essential amino acids 
C) A technique developed specifically for the elderly that involves optimizing the ratio of protein intake to energy intake 
D) A body process that involves synthesis of crucial proteins from amino acids made available by the breakdown of storage proteins 
A) A dietary program that involves eating vegetable and animal proteins on alternating days 
B) A strategy that combines plant proteins in the same day to improve the balance of essential amino acids 
C) A technique developed specifically for the elderly that involves optimizing the ratio of protein intake to energy intake 
D) A body process that involves synthesis of crucial proteins from amino acids made available by the breakdown of storage proteins

Question 11

Excessive amounts of homocysteine in the blood are thought to increase the risk for

Accepted Answer

A) cancer. 
B) diabetes. 
C) heart disease. 
D) protein-energy malnutrition. 
A) cancer. 
B) diabetes. 
C) heart disease. 
D) protein-energy malnutrition.

Question 12

Which of the following is characteristic of sickle-cell anemia?

Accepted Answer

A) The disorder can be serious but not fatal 
B) The disorder leads to depression of energy expenditure 
C) The abnormal structure of the hemoglobin alters the shape of the red blood cell 
D) The hemoglobin amino acid sequence is abnormal in all four of the polypeptide chains 
A) The disorder can be serious but not fatal 
B) The disorder leads to depression of energy expenditure 
C) The abnormal structure of the hemoglobin alters the shape of the red blood cell 
D) The hemoglobin amino acid sequence is abnormal in all four of the polypeptide chains

Question 13

Your friend Jill has just joined her community college soccer team.How much protein should she consume each day?

Accepted Answer

A) 0.8 g/kg 
B) up to 1.0 g/kg 
C) 1.2-1.7 g/kg 
D) 2.5-2.9 g/kg 
A) 0.8 g/kg 
B) up to 1.0 g/kg 
C) 1.2-1.7 g/kg 
D) 2.5-2.9 g/kg

Question 14

Approximately how many different amino acids are used in the synthesis of body proteins?

Accepted Answer

A) 5 
B) 10 
C) 20 
D) 35 
A) 5 
B) 10 
C) 20 
D) 35

Question 15

The function of a protease is to

Accepted Answer

A) hydrolyze proteins. 
B) synthesize proteins. 
C) hydrolyze ribosomes. 
D) synthesize ribosomes. 
A) hydrolyze proteins. 
B) synthesize proteins. 
C) hydrolyze ribosomes. 
D) synthesize ribosomes.

Question 16

Protein-hydrolyzing enzymes are commonly known as

Accepted Answer

A) proteases. 
B) hydrolyzers. 
C) prodigestins. 
D) denaturases. 
A) proteases. 
B) hydrolyzers. 
C) prodigestins. 
D) denaturases.

Question 17

Which of the following is characteristic of protein nutrition in vegetarians?

Accepted Answer

A) Vegetarians in general must practice complementary protein nutrition 
B) Most vegetarians should consume gelatin to ensure adequate tryptophan intake 
C) Healthy vegetarians typically consume protein sources of very high digestibility 
D) Most vegetarians eating a variety of foods need not balance essential amino acid intake at each meal 
A) Vegetarians in general must practice complementary protein nutrition 
B) Most vegetarians should consume gelatin to ensure adequate tryptophan intake 
C) Healthy vegetarians typically consume protein sources of very high digestibility 
D) Most vegetarians eating a variety of foods need not balance essential amino acid intake at each meal

Question 18

Which of the following may be used to determine protein utilization?

Accepted Answer

A) Calorimetry 
B) Nitrogen balance 
C) Amino acid pool 
D) Supplementary value 
A) Calorimetry 
B) Nitrogen balance 
C) Amino acid pool 
D) Supplementary value

Question 19

In relation to the range of protein intake as a percentage of energy intake, what would be the highest safe level of protein intake for a 60-kg adult ingesting 2500 kcalories?

Accepted Answer

A) 48 g 
B) 96 g 
C) 120 g 
D) 219 g 
A) 48 g 
B) 96 g 
C) 120 g 
D) 219 g

Question 20

What is the process whereby an amino group is combined with a keto acid to form an amino acid?

Accepted Answer

A) Deamination 
B) Ureagenesis 
C) Transamination 
D) Ammoniogenesis 
A) Deamination 
B) Ureagenesis 
C) Transamination 
D) Ammoniogenesis

Exam 6: Protein: Amino Acids

What is the name of the inactive form of the protein-splitting enzyme in the stomach?

After digestion of proteins, what products are absorbed into the circulation?

Which of the following describes a process in protein synthesis?

All of the following are characteristics of protein-energy malnutrition except

Which of the following animal-derived proteins is classified as a poor-quality protein?

How do sodium and potassium travel into and out of cells?

Chronic protein-energy malnutrition in children is characterized by

The study of how environmental factors influence the expression of genes without altering the DNA is known as

The study of how food interacts with genes is known as

What is complementary protein nutrition?

Excessive amounts of homocysteine in the blood are thought to increase the risk for

Which of the following is characteristic of sickle-cell anemia?

Your friend Jill has just joined her community college soccer team.How much protein should she consume each day?

Approximately how many different amino acids are used in the synthesis of body proteins?

The function of a protease is to

Protein-hydrolyzing enzymes are commonly known as

Which of the following is characteristic of protein nutrition in vegetarians?

Which of the following may be used to determine protein utilization?

In relation to the range of protein intake as a percentage of energy intake, what would be the highest safe level of protein intake for a 60-kg adult ingesting 2500 kcalories?

What is the process whereby an amino group is combined with a keto acid to form an amino acid?

An Overview of Nutrition

Planning a Healthy Diet

Digestion, Absorption, and Transport

The Carbohydrates: Sugars, Starches and Fibers

The Lipids: Triglycerides, Phospholipids, and Sterols

Metabolism: Transformations and Interactions

Energy Balance and Body Composition

Weight Management: Overweight, Obesity, and Underweight

The Water-Soluble Vitamins: B Vitamins and Vitamin C

The Fat-Soluble Vitamins: A, D, E, and K

Water and the Major Minerals

The Trace Minerals

Life Cycle Nutrition: Pregnancy and Lactation

Life Cycle Nutrition: Infancy, Childhood, and Adolescence

Life Cycle Nutrition: Adulthood and the Later Years

Nutrition Care and Assessment

Nutrition Intervention

Medications, Diet-Drug Interactions, and Herbal Products

Enteral Nutrition Support

Parenteral Nutrition Support

Metabolic and Respiratory Stress

Upper Gastrointestinal Disorders

Lower Gastrointestinal Disorders

Liver Disease and Gallstones

Diabetes Mellitus

Cardiovascular Diseases

Kidney Diseases

Cancer and Hiv Infection

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