Question 1

Vascular resistance is affected by

Accepted Answer

A) blood viscosity. 
B) total blood vessel length. 
C) radius of lumen of arterioles. 
D) All of the choices are correct. 
E) blood viscosity and total blood vessel length only. 
A) blood viscosity. 
B) total blood vessel length. 
C) radius of lumen of arterioles. 
D) All of the choices are correct. 
E) blood viscosity and total blood vessel length only.

Question 2

A rapid resting pulse rate over 100 beats per minute is called

Accepted Answer

A) cardiac tamponade. 
B) myocardial infarction. 
C) tachycardia. 
D) bradycardia. 
E) syncope. 
A) cardiac tamponade. 
B) myocardial infarction. 
C) tachycardia. 
D) bradycardia. 
E) syncope.

Question 3

The circulatory route from the right ventricle to the lungs and back to the left atrium is called

Accepted Answer

A) pulmonary circulation. 
B) coronary circulation. 
C) hepatic portal circulation. 
D) fetal circulation. 
E) systemic circulation. 
A) pulmonary circulation. 
B) coronary circulation. 
C) hepatic portal circulation. 
D) fetal circulation. 
E) systemic circulation.

Question 4

The formation of new blood vessels is referred to as

Accepted Answer

A) aneurysm. 
B) angiogenesis. 
C) occlusion. 
D) claudication. 
E) phlebitis. 
A) aneurysm. 
B) angiogenesis. 
C) occlusion. 
D) claudication. 
E) phlebitis.

Question 5

Movement of fluids and solutes out of capillaries into the interstitial fluid occurs by filtration, which is driven by capillary blood pressure and opposed by

Accepted Answer

A) exocytosis. 
B) endocytosis. 
C) blood colloid osmotic pressure. 
D) venous valves. 
E) interstitial fluid osmotic pressure. 
A) exocytosis. 
B) endocytosis. 
C) blood colloid osmotic pressure. 
D) venous valves. 
E) interstitial fluid osmotic pressure.

Question 6

Describe how changes in vascular resistance affect blood pressure and how vascular resistance is controlled.

Accepted Answer

When arterioles vasoconstrict, vascular

Question 7

The diastolic blood pressure

Accepted Answer

A) is usually lower in people who exercise regularly and are in good physical shape. 
B) indicates the force of ventricular contraction. 
C) indicates the force of atrial contraction. 
D) is normally higher than the systolic blood pressure. 
E) is directly related to the volume of blood in the left ventricle prior to contraction. 
A) is usually lower in people who exercise regularly and are in good physical shape. 
B) indicates the force of ventricular contraction. 
C) indicates the force of atrial contraction. 
D) is normally higher than the systolic blood pressure. 
E) is directly related to the volume of blood in the left ventricle prior to contraction.

Question 8

The rate of blood flow through a particular capillary network in a tissue is primarily controlled by

Accepted Answer

A) constriction of the veins. 
B) constriction of the precapillary sphincters of venules. 
C) constriction of the precapillary sphincters of arterioles. 
D) how strong the heart is contracting. 
E) the pulse rate. 
A) constriction of the veins. 
B) constriction of the precapillary sphincters of venules. 
C) constriction of the precapillary sphincters of arterioles. 
D) how strong the heart is contracting. 
E) the pulse rate.

Question 9

All of the following hormones stimulate changes that increase blood pressure EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A) epinephrine. 
B) norepinephrine. 
C) angiotensin II. 
D) ANP. 
E) ADH. 
A) epinephrine. 
B) norepinephrine. 
C) angiotensin II. 
D) ANP. 
E) ADH.

Question 10

Sympathetic output from the cardiovascular (CV)center results in

Accepted Answer

A) vasodilation of arterioles. 
B) decreased blood viscosity. 
C) increased blood pressure. 
D) decreased vascular resistance. 
E) increased blood volume in the veins. 
A) vasodilation of arterioles. 
B) decreased blood viscosity. 
C) increased blood pressure. 
D) decreased vascular resistance. 
E) increased blood volume in the veins.

Question 11

The endothelium that lines all blood vessels consists of

Accepted Answer

A) simple cuboidal cells. 
B) simple squamous cells. 
C) transitional cells. 
D) stratified squamous cells. 
E) simple columnar cells. 
A) simple cuboidal cells. 
B) simple squamous cells. 
C) transitional cells. 
D) stratified squamous cells. 
E) simple columnar cells.

Question 12

Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)is a hormone released by the atria of the heart that

Accepted Answer

A) increases blood volume. 
B) stimulates changes that lead to decreased blood pressure. 
C) reduces loss of sodium in the urine. 
D) reduces loss of water in the urine. 
E) acts as a neurotransmitter in the ANS. 
A) increases blood volume. 
B) stimulates changes that lead to decreased blood pressure. 
C) reduces loss of sodium in the urine. 
D) reduces loss of water in the urine. 
E) acts as a neurotransmitter in the ANS.

Question 13

Which of the labeled structures in the diagram are the vessels where exchange of gases, nutrients and wastes occurs?

Accepted Answer

A) A, C, and D 
B) A and C 
C) A only 
D) C only 
E) D only 
A) A, C, and D 
B) A and C 
C) A only 
D) C only 
E) D only

Question 14

Vascular resistance refers to the opposition to blood flow due to friction between the blood and the walls of the blood vessel.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Which of the following blood vessels would have the highest systolic blood pressure?

Accepted Answer

A) superior vena cava 
B) pulmonary vein 
C) a small capillary 
D) aorta 
E) brachial artery 
A) superior vena cava 
B) pulmonary vein 
C) a small capillary 
D) aorta 
E) brachial artery

Question 16

The cardiovascular (CV)center is located in the

Accepted Answer

A) hypothalamus. 
B) thalamus. 
C) medulla oblongata. 
D) midbrain. 
E) cerebral cortex. 
A) hypothalamus. 
B) thalamus. 
C) medulla oblongata. 
D) midbrain. 
E) cerebral cortex.

Question 17

Which of the following is an essential structural feature of veins for both the skeletal muscle pumping and respiratory pumping used to aid venous return of blood to the heart?

Accepted Answer

A) thick muscular middle layer of vessel wall 
B) venous valves 
C) two layers of elastic connective tissue in vessel wall 
D) sympathetic innervation of smooth muscle in middle layer of vessel wall 
E) modified transitional endothelium lining lumen of vessel 
A) thick muscular middle layer of vessel wall 
B) venous valves 
C) two layers of elastic connective tissue in vessel wall 
D) sympathetic innervation of smooth muscle in middle layer of vessel wall 
E) modified transitional endothelium lining lumen of vessel

Question 18

Which of the following events would lead to increased blood pressure?

Accepted Answer

A) increased heart rate 
B) decreased diameter of lumen of arterioles 
C) increased blood volume 
D) increased water retention 
E) All of the choices are correct. 
A) increased heart rate 
B) decreased diameter of lumen of arterioles 
C) increased blood volume 
D) increased water retention 
E) All of the choices are correct.

Question 19

Recently, researchers have discovered that it is impossible to reverse arterial plaque buildup.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Bradycardia indicates a rapid heart rate over 100 beats per minute.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 16: The Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels and Circulation

Vascular resistance is affected by

A rapid resting pulse rate over 100 beats per minute is called

The circulatory route from the right ventricle to the lungs and back to the left atrium is called

The formation of new blood vessels is referred to as

Movement of fluids and solutes out of capillaries into the interstitial fluid occurs by filtration, which is driven by capillary blood pressure and opposed by

Describe how changes in vascular resistance affect blood pressure and how vascular resistance is controlled.

The diastolic blood pressure

The rate of blood flow through a particular capillary network in a tissue is primarily controlled by

All of the following hormones stimulate changes that increase blood pressure EXCEPT

Sympathetic output from the cardiovascular (CV)center results in

The endothelium that lines all blood vessels consists of

Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)is a hormone released by the atria of the heart that

Which of the labeled structures in the diagram are the vessels where exchange of gases, nutrients and wastes occurs?

Vascular resistance refers to the opposition to blood flow due to friction between the blood and the walls of the blood vessel.

Which of the following blood vessels would have the highest systolic blood pressure?

The cardiovascular (CV)center is located in the

Which of the following is an essential structural feature of veins for both the skeletal muscle pumping and respiratory pumping used to aid venous return of blood to the heart?

Which of the following events would lead to increased blood pressure?

Recently, researchers have discovered that it is impossible to reverse arterial plaque buildup.

Bradycardia indicates a rapid heart rate over 100 beats per minute.

Organization of the Human Body

Introductory Chemistry

Cells

Tissues

The Integumentary System

The Skeletal System

Joints

The Muscular System

Nervous Tissue

Central Nervous System, Spinal Nerves, and Cranial Nerves

Autonomic Nervous System

Somatic Senses and Special Sense

The Endocrine System

The Cardiovascular System: Blood

The Cardiovascular System: Heart

The Lymphatic System and Immunity

The Respiratory System

The Digestive System

Nutrition and Metabolism

The Urinary System

Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance

The Reproductive Systems

Development and Inheritance

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