Exam 21: The Urinary System

Inflammation of the glomeruli of the kidney is referred to as

The glomerular (Bowman's)capsule is part of the

Nocturnal enuresis and nocturia are terms that refer to separate disorders.

Which of the following beverages contain diuretics that inhibit ADH secretion?

The route of blood flow through the kidneys is as follows: renal artery - several smaller arteries - afferent arteriole - glomerulus - efferent arteriole - peritubular capillaries - several veins - renal vein.

The specialized epithelial cells that make up the inner wall of the glomerular capsule are called

Obstructions, such as a kidney stone blocking a ureter, decrease net filtration pressure leading to decreased urine production.

The number of functional nephrons continually decreases throughout life because damaged or diseased nephrons are not replaced by new ones.

Females are more susceptible to UTIs than males because they have

The glomerular filtration rate fluctuates directly with changes in blood pressure, so if blood pressure increases then GFR increases, or if blood pressure decreases then GFR decreases.

The renal columns are part of the renal pyramids.

All of the following transport processes are commonly used in tubular reabsorption EXCEPT

Together with the skin and the liver, the kidneys help synthesize _____, which is the active form of vitamin D.

Increased secretion of ADH from the posterior pituitary gland promotes

The small blood vessel carrying blood directly out of the glomerulus is the

Sympathetic stimulation of the afferent and efferent arterioles during exercise leads to increased net filtration pressure and decreased urinary output.

The glomerular filtration rate is exclusively regulated by the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system.

On average, renal blood flow declines by _____ between the ages of 40 and 70.

Children less than 2 years of age cannot control the micturition reflex because they lack the external urethral sphincter.

Which of the following hormones increase reabsorption of water in the collecting ducts by stimulating insertion of water channels into the membranes of tubule cells?