Question 1

Describe nerve impulse conduction in unmyelinated and myelinated axons.

Accepted Answer

In unmyelinated axons, impulses travel by continuous conduction, which means that the action potential in one area causes depolarization of the adjacent area. This step-by-step depolarization is slower conduction than occurs in myelinated axons. In myelinated axons, depolarization occurs at the nodes of Ranvier and impulses jump from one node to the next. This type of conduction is called saltatory conduction.

Question 2

What type of neuron is shown in the diagram?

Accepted Answer

A) multipolar neuron 
B) unipolar neuron 
C) bipolar neuron 
D) pseudounipolar neuron 
E) anaxonic neuron 
A) multipolar neuron 
B) unipolar neuron 
C) bipolar neuron 
D) pseudounipolar neuron 
E) anaxonic neuron A

Question 3

The physical space (labeled B in the diagram)between the presynaptic and postsynaptic neurons is called the _____ and the chemical (labeled C in the diagram)that is released to signal across this space is called a _____.

Accepted Answer

A) synaptic vesicle; neurotransmitter 
B) synaptic end bulb; neurotransmitter 
C) synaptic cleft; synaptic vesicle 
D) synapse; neurotransmitter 
E) synaptic cleft; neurotransmitter 
A) synaptic vesicle; neurotransmitter 
B) synaptic end bulb; neurotransmitter 
C) synaptic cleft; synaptic vesicle 
D) synapse; neurotransmitter 
E) synaptic cleft; neurotransmitter E

Question 4

Processes on neurons that receive and conduct impulses toward the cell body are called

Accepted Answer

A) dendrites 
B) axons 
C) axon collaterals 
D) synaptic end bulbs 
E) axon terminals 
A) dendrites 
B) axons 
C) axon collaterals 
D) synaptic end bulbs 
E) axon terminals

Question 5

Which of the following types of ions would move through the channel labeled E in the diagram and trigger the release of neurotransmitter?

Accepted Answer

A) potassium 
B) chloride 
C) sodium 
D) calcium 
E) phosphate 
A) potassium 
B) chloride 
C) sodium 
D) calcium 
E) phosphate

Question 6

Which of the following statements best describes the events that lead to depolarization of a neuronal membrane?

Accepted Answer

A) Sodium flows into the neuron and potassium flows out of the neuron. 
B) Sodium flows out of the neuron and potassium flows into the neuron. 
C) Sodium flows into the neuron. 
D) Potassium flows out of the neuron. 
E) Potassium flows into the neuron. 
A) Sodium flows into the neuron and potassium flows out of the neuron. 
B) Sodium flows out of the neuron and potassium flows into the neuron. 
C) Sodium flows into the neuron. 
D) Potassium flows out of the neuron. 
E) Potassium flows into the neuron.

Question 7

Which of the following is an example of an effector?

Accepted Answer

A) interneuron 
B) sensory receptor 
C) special sense organ 
D) nerve 
E) glands 
A) interneuron 
B) sensory receptor 
C) special sense organ 
D) nerve 
E) glands

Question 8

If the membrane potential becomes more negative than the normal resting potential, the membrane is said to be depolarized.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Which of the labeled structures in the diagram is a Schwann cell?

Accepted Answer

A) A 
B) B 
C) C 
D) D 
E) E 
A) A 
B) B 
C) C 
D) D 
E) E

Question 10

The site where either two neurons or a neuron and effector communicate is called a

Accepted Answer

A) neuromuscular junction 
B) neuroeffector junction 
C) motor endplate 
D) synapse 
E) synaptic terminal 
A) neuromuscular junction 
B) neuroeffector junction 
C) motor endplate 
D) synapse 
E) synaptic terminal

Question 11

Clusters of neuronal cell bodies that form gray matter in the brain are called

Accepted Answer

A) ganglia 
B) tracts 
C) regions 
D) nuclei 
E) columns 
A) ganglia 
B) tracts 
C) regions 
D) nuclei 
E) columns

Question 12

The neuroglial cell that lines the ventricles of the brain and the central canal of the spinal cord is called a/an

Accepted Answer

A) oligodendrocyte 
B) microglial cell 
C) Schwann cell 
D) ependymal cell 
E) satellite cell 
A) oligodendrocyte 
B) microglial cell 
C) Schwann cell 
D) ependymal cell 
E) satellite cell

Question 13

The nervous system and the _____ system share the greatest responsibility for maintaining homeostasis.

Accepted Answer

A) immune 
B) endocrine 
C) cardiovascular 
D) respiratory 
E) muscular 
A) immune 
B) endocrine 
C) cardiovascular 
D) respiratory 
E) muscular

Question 14

The axon joins the cell body at a cone-shaped elevation called the

Accepted Answer

A) initial segment 
B) axon hillock 
C) myelin sheath 
D) neurolemma 
E) axon collateral 
A) initial segment 
B) axon hillock 
C) myelin sheath 
D) neurolemma 
E) axon collateral

Question 15

Neurotransmitters always cause hyperpolarization of the postsynaptic membrane.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

The portion of the nervous system that is not under conscious control and is thus considered involuntary is the

Accepted Answer

A) somatic nervous system 
B) sensory nervous system 
C) autonomic nervous system 
D) motor nervous system 
E) peripheral nervous system 
A) somatic nervous system 
B) sensory nervous system 
C) autonomic nervous system 
D) motor nervous system 
E) peripheral nervous system

Question 17

Which of the following is exclusively an inhibitory neurotransmitter?

Accepted Answer

A) glutamate 
B) glycine 
C) dopamine 
D) acetylcholine 
E) aspartate 
A) glutamate 
B) glycine 
C) dopamine 
D) acetylcholine 
E) aspartate

Question 18

The drug Prozac is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI).

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Saltatory conduction occurs only in myelinated axons and involves a nerve impulse jumping from one node of Ranvier to the next.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Because there are more sodium leak channels than potassium leak channels, a resting potential can be maintained.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 9: Nervous Tissue

Describe nerve impulse conduction in unmyelinated and myelinated axons.

What type of neuron is shown in the diagram?

The physical space (labeled B in the diagram)between the presynaptic and postsynaptic neurons is called the _____ and the chemical (labeled C in the diagram)that is released to signal across this space is called a _____.

Processes on neurons that receive and conduct impulses toward the cell body are called

Which of the following types of ions would move through the channel labeled E in the diagram and trigger the release of neurotransmitter?

Which of the following statements best describes the events that lead to depolarization of a neuronal membrane?

Which of the following is an example of an effector?

If the membrane potential becomes more negative than the normal resting potential, the membrane is said to be depolarized.

Which of the labeled structures in the diagram is a Schwann cell?

The site where either two neurons or a neuron and effector communicate is called a

Clusters of neuronal cell bodies that form gray matter in the brain are called

The neuroglial cell that lines the ventricles of the brain and the central canal of the spinal cord is called a/an

The nervous system and the _____ system share the greatest responsibility for maintaining homeostasis.

The axon joins the cell body at a cone-shaped elevation called the

Neurotransmitters always cause hyperpolarization of the postsynaptic membrane.

The portion of the nervous system that is not under conscious control and is thus considered involuntary is the

Which of the following is exclusively an inhibitory neurotransmitter?

The drug Prozac is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI).

Saltatory conduction occurs only in myelinated axons and involves a nerve impulse jumping from one node of Ranvier to the next.

Because there are more sodium leak channels than potassium leak channels, a resting potential can be maintained.

Organization of the Human Body

Introductory Chemistry

Cells

Tissues

The Integumentary System

The Skeletal System

Joints

The Muscular System

Central Nervous System, Spinal Nerves, and Cranial Nerves

Autonomic Nervous System

Somatic Senses and Special Sense

The Endocrine System

The Cardiovascular System: Blood

The Cardiovascular System: Heart

The Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels and Circulation

The Lymphatic System and Immunity

The Respiratory System

The Digestive System

Nutrition and Metabolism

The Urinary System

Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance

The Reproductive Systems

Development and Inheritance

Filters

The physical space (labeled B in the diagram)between the presynaptic and postsynaptic neurons is called the _ and the chemical (labeled C in the diagram)that is released to signal across this space is called a _.