Question 1

Which of the following situations might be the result of hypersecretion of glucocorticoids?

Accepted Answer

A)  Weight loss 
B)  Hypoglycemia 
C)  Depression of the immune response 
D)  Increased plasma levels of ACTH 
E)  Proteins and lipids are unused 
A)  Weight loss 
B)  Hypoglycemia 
C)  Depression of the immune response 
D)  Increased plasma levels of ACTH 
E)  Proteins and lipids are unused

Question 2

Which of the following ions is necessary for thyroid hormone production?

Accepted Answer

A)  K+ 
B)  Ca2+ 
C)  I− 
D)  Na+ 
E)  Cl− 
A)  K+ 
B)  Ca2+ 
C)  I− 
D)  Na+ 
E)  Cl−

Question 3

Match the hormone with its appropriate function.
-ACTH

Accepted Answer

A) Stimulates synthesis of thyroid hormones 
B) Increases adrenal cortex secretions 
C) Development of immune system 
D) Milk production 
E) Decreases blood Ca2+ levels 
A) Stimulates synthesis of thyroid hormones 
B) Increases adrenal cortex secretions 
C) Development of immune system 
D) Milk production 
E) Decreases blood Ca2+ levels

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT a function of LH?

Accepted Answer

A)  Stimulates ovulation 
B)  Stimulates the synthesis of testosterone 
C)  Support for sperm cell production 
D)  Stimulates secretion of progesterone 
E)  Stimulates contraction of the uterus 
A)  Stimulates ovulation 
B)  Stimulates the synthesis of testosterone 
C)  Support for sperm cell production 
D)  Stimulates secretion of progesterone 
E)  Stimulates contraction of the uterus

Question 5

High blood glucose levels cause an increased secretion of ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  insulin 
B)  calcitonin 
C)  erythropoietin 
D)  glucagon 
E)  growth hormone 
A)  insulin 
B)  calcitonin 
C)  erythropoietin 
D)  glucagon 
E)  growth hormone

Question 6

An injection of epinephrine would

Accepted Answer

A)  increase heart rate, increase blood pressure, and increase gastric tract motility. 
B)  decrease heart rate, decrease blood pressure, and increase gastric tract motility. 
C)  increase heart rate, increase blood pressure, and decrease gastric tract motility. 
D)  decrease heart rate, decrease gastric motility, and increase blood pressure. 
E)  have no effect on the heart or the GI tract. 
A)  increase heart rate, increase blood pressure, and increase gastric tract motility. 
B)  decrease heart rate, decrease blood pressure, and increase gastric tract motility. 
C)  increase heart rate, increase blood pressure, and decrease gastric tract motility. 
D)  decrease heart rate, decrease gastric motility, and increase blood pressure. 
E)  have no effect on the heart or the GI tract.

Question 7

Parathyroid hormone (PTH)

Accepted Answer

A)  tends to inhibit osteoclasts. 
B)  decreases blood Ca2+ levels. 
C)  allows the kidneys to retain Ca2+. 
D)  increases Ca2+ excretion by the intestine. 
E)  stimulates kidneys to excrete Ca2+. 
A)  tends to inhibit osteoclasts. 
B)  decreases blood Ca2+ levels. 
C)  allows the kidneys to retain Ca2+. 
D)  increases Ca2+ excretion by the intestine. 
E)  stimulates kidneys to excrete Ca2+.

Question 8

Match the pathological condition with its cause.
-Cretinism

Accepted Answer

A) Decreased amounts of thyroid hormone 
B) Increased amounts of thyroid hormone 
C) Abnormally low levels of aldosterone and cortisol 
D) Increased levels of growth hormone in adults 
E) Lack of ADH 
A) Decreased amounts of thyroid hormone 
B) Increased amounts of thyroid hormone 
C) Abnormally low levels of aldosterone and cortisol 
D) Increased levels of growth hormone in adults 
E) Lack of ADH

Question 9

Indicate which pair of hormones act antagonistically to one another.

Accepted Answer

A)  Estrogen and LH 
B)  T3 and T4 
C)  Melatonin and calcitonin 
D)  Testosterone and FSH 
E)  Insulin and glucagon 
A)  Estrogen and LH 
B)  T3 and T4 
C)  Melatonin and calcitonin 
D)  Testosterone and FSH 
E)  Insulin and glucagon

Question 10

Hypersecretion of which of the following hormones causes increased metabolic rate, sensitivity to heat, weight loss, and exophthalmos?

Accepted Answer

A)  PTH (parathyroid hormone) 
B)  Estrogen 
C)  Cortisol 
D)  Thyroid hormone 
E)  GH (growth hormone) 
A)  PTH (parathyroid hormone) 
B)  Estrogen 
C)  Cortisol 
D)  Thyroid hormone 
E)  GH (growth hormone)

Question 11

Match the hormone with the best description.
-Relaxin

Accepted Answer

A) Aids in spermatogenesis 
B) Inhibits FSH secretion 
C) Menstrual cycle 
D) Increases flexibility of connective tissue 
A) Aids in spermatogenesis 
B) Inhibits FSH secretion 
C) Menstrual cycle 
D) Increases flexibility of connective tissue

Question 12

Match the cell type with the hormone produced by that cell type.
-Beta cells

Accepted Answer

A) Mineralocorticoids 
B) PTH 
C) Insulin 
D) ADH 
E) T3 
A) Mineralocorticoids 
B) PTH 
C) Insulin 
D) ADH 
E) T3

Question 13

A person with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) forgets to take their insulin. This causes ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  alkalosis 
B)  hypoglycemia 
C)  decreased urine production 
D)  decreased appetite 
E)  hyperglycemia 
A)  alkalosis 
B)  hypoglycemia 
C)  decreased urine production 
D)  decreased appetite 
E)  hyperglycemia

Question 14

Which hormone is required for ovulation and formation of the corpus luteum?

Accepted Answer

A)  FSH (follicle-stimulating hormone) 
B)  LH (luteinizing hormone) 
C)  TSH (thyroid-stimulating hormone) 
D)  Prolactin 
E)  MSH (melanocyte-stimulating hormone) 
A)  FSH (follicle-stimulating hormone) 
B)  LH (luteinizing hormone) 
C)  TSH (thyroid-stimulating hormone) 
D)  Prolactin 
E)  MSH (melanocyte-stimulating hormone)

Question 15

Match the pathological condition with its cause.
-Acromegaly

Accepted Answer

A) Decreased amounts of thyroid hormone 
B) Increased amounts of thyroid hormone 
C) Abnormally low levels of aldosterone and cortisol 
D) Increased levels of growth hormone in adults 
E) Lack of ADH 
A) Decreased amounts of thyroid hormone 
B) Increased amounts of thyroid hormone 
C) Abnormally low levels of aldosterone and cortisol 
D) Increased levels of growth hormone in adults 
E) Lack of ADH

Question 16

Match the hormone with the best description.
-Progesterone

Accepted Answer

A) Aids in spermatogenesis 
B) Inhibits FSH secretion 
C) Menstrual cycle 
D) Increases flexibility of connective tissue 
A) Aids in spermatogenesis 
B) Inhibits FSH secretion 
C) Menstrual cycle 
D) Increases flexibility of connective tissue

Question 17

Autocrine chemical messengers affect cells in close proximity to the secreting cell and paracrine chemical messengers affect cells that are located a greater distance from the secreting cell.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Identify the function for which the endocrine system is NOT responsible.

Accepted Answer

A)  Regulates the rate of metabolism 
B)  Controls development and functions of the reproductive system 
C)  Regulates equilibrium and balance from the inner ear 
D)  Prepares the body for physical activity and stress 
E)  Regulates heart rate and blood pressure 
A)  Regulates the rate of metabolism 
B)  Controls development and functions of the reproductive system 
C)  Regulates equilibrium and balance from the inner ear 
D)  Prepares the body for physical activity and stress 
E)  Regulates heart rate and blood pressure

Question 19

A tumor in the adrenal cortex causes excessively high levels of aldosterone. The high aldosterone levels cause ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  hyponatremia 
B)  acidosis 
C)  hypokalemia 
D)  hypocalcemia 
E)  hyperkalemia 
A)  hyponatremia 
B)  acidosis 
C)  hypokalemia 
D)  hypocalcemia 
E)  hyperkalemia

Question 20

Arrange the following in the sequence in which releasing hormones travel through them.
(1) Secondary capillary network
(2) Primary capillary network
(3) Hypothalamohypophysial portal vessels

Accepted Answer

A)  1, 2, 3 
B)  3, 2, 1 
C)  2, 3, 1 
D)  3, 1, 2 
E)  2, 1, 3 
A)  1, 2, 3 
B)  3, 2, 1 
C)  2, 3, 1 
D)  3, 1, 2 
E)  2, 1, 3

Exam 18: Endocrine Glands

Which of the following situations might be the result of hypersecretion of glucocorticoids?

Which of the following ions is necessary for thyroid hormone production?

Match the hormone with its appropriate function. -ACTH

Which of the following is NOT a function of LH?

High blood glucose levels cause an increased secretion of ________.

An injection of epinephrine would

Parathyroid hormone (PTH)

Match the pathological condition with its cause. -Cretinism

Indicate which pair of hormones act antagonistically to one another.

Hypersecretion of which of the following hormones causes increased metabolic rate, sensitivity to heat, weight loss, and exophthalmos?

Match the hormone with the best description. -Relaxin

Match the cell type with the hormone produced by that cell type. -Beta cells

A person with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) forgets to take their insulin. This causes ________.

Which hormone is required for ovulation and formation of the corpus luteum?

Match the pathological condition with its cause. -Acromegaly

Match the hormone with the best description. -Progesterone

Autocrine chemical messengers affect cells in close proximity to the secreting cell and paracrine chemical messengers affect cells that are located a greater distance from the secreting cell.

Identify the function for which the endocrine system is NOT responsible.

A tumor in the adrenal cortex causes excessively high levels of aldosterone. The high aldosterone levels cause ________.

Arrange the following in the sequence in which releasing hormones travel through them. (1) Secondary capillary network (2) Primary capillary network (3) Hypothalamohypophysial portal vessels

The Human Organism

The Chemical Basis of Life

Cell Biology

Tissues

Integumentary System

Skeletal System: Bones and Bone Tissue

Skeletal System: Gross Anatomy

Joint and Movement

Muscular System: Histology and Physiology

Muscular System: Gross Anatomy

Functional Organization of Nervous Tissue

Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves

Brain and Cranial Nerves

Integration of Nervous System Functions

The Special Senses

Autonomic Nervous System

Functional Organization of the Endocrine System

Cardiovascular System: Blood

Cardiovascular System: the Heart

Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels and Circulation

Lymphatic System and Immunity

Respiratory System

Digestive System

Nutrition, Metabolism, and Temperature Regulation

Urinary System

Water, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance

Reproductive System

Development, Growth, Aging, and Genetics

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