Question 1

Compounds released from cells that influence the same cell are called ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  paracrine chemical messengers 
B)  steroidal hormones 
C)  neuropeptides 
D)  tropic hormones 
E)  autocrine chemical messengers 
A)  paracrine chemical messengers 
B)  steroidal hormones 
C)  neuropeptides 
D)  tropic hormones 
E)  autocrine chemical messengers

Question 2

Match the endocrine gland with the hormone it secretes.
-Ovary

Accepted Answer

A) Glucagon 
B) Progesterone 
C) Cortisol 
D) T3 
E) Prolactin 
A) Glucagon 
B) Progesterone 
C) Cortisol 
D) T3 
E) Prolactin

Question 3

Which of the following characteristics is associated with hyposecretion of thyroid hormones?

Accepted Answer

A)  Weight gain 
B)  Exophthalmos 
C)  Warm, flushed skin 
D)  Increased heart rate 
E)  Weight loss 
A)  Weight gain 
B)  Exophthalmos 
C)  Warm, flushed skin 
D)  Increased heart rate 
E)  Weight loss

Question 4

Glucagon is synthesized by the ________ cells of the pancreas.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Glucagon is synthesized by the ________ cells...

Question 5

Which pancreatic cells is correctly matched to its secretion?

Accepted Answer

A)  Beta cells - digestive enzymes 
B)  Acini cells - somatostatin 
C)  Alpha cells - glucagon 
D)  Delta cells - insulin 
A)  Beta cells - digestive enzymes 
B)  Acini cells - somatostatin 
C)  Alpha cells - glucagon 
D)  Delta cells - insulin

Question 6

Which of the following would apply to the description of a thyroid follicle?

Accepted Answer

A)  Walls contain a single layer of parafollicular cells 
B)  Center is called the isthmus 
C)  Stores thyroid hormone 
D)  Small capillary networks 
E)  Spheres with walls of a single layer of cuboidal epithelial cells 
A)  Walls contain a single layer of parafollicular cells 
B)  Center is called the isthmus 
C)  Stores thyroid hormone 
D)  Small capillary networks 
E)  Spheres with walls of a single layer of cuboidal epithelial cells

Question 7

Which of the following statements best describes relaxin?

Accepted Answer

A)  Relaxin is produced by the parathyroid glands and triggers the release of calcium from the bones. 
B)  Relaxin is produced by the testes and stimulates secretion of the reproductive glands. 
C)  Relaxin is produced by the adrenal cortex and maintains normal metabolism. 
D)  Relaxin is produced by the ovaries and increases the flexibility of connective tissue. 
A)  Relaxin is produced by the parathyroid glands and triggers the release of calcium from the bones. 
B)  Relaxin is produced by the testes and stimulates secretion of the reproductive glands. 
C)  Relaxin is produced by the adrenal cortex and maintains normal metabolism. 
D)  Relaxin is produced by the ovaries and increases the flexibility of connective tissue.

Question 8

The endocrine system is a system of ductless glands that secrete their products into the interstitial fluid.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

The posterior pituitary

Accepted Answer

A)  has a direct connection with neurons of the hypothalamus. 
B)  is controlled by releasing hormones produced in the hypothalamus. 
C)  produces hormones that regulate other endocrine glands. 
D)  stores lipotropins. 
E)  is not related to fluid balance in the body. 
A)  has a direct connection with neurons of the hypothalamus. 
B)  is controlled by releasing hormones produced in the hypothalamus. 
C)  produces hormones that regulate other endocrine glands. 
D)  stores lipotropins. 
E)  is not related to fluid balance in the body.

Question 10

Match the cell type with the hormone produced by that cell type.
-Cells of parathyroid gland

Accepted Answer

A) Mineralocorticoids 
B) PTH 
C) Insulin 
D) ADH 
E) T3 
A) Mineralocorticoids 
B) PTH 
C) Insulin 
D) ADH 
E) T3

Question 11

Which of the following stimulates the development of follicles in the ovary?

Accepted Answer

A)  ADH 
B)  Prolactin 
C)  FSH 
D)  ACTH 
E)  LH 
A)  ADH 
B)  Prolactin 
C)  FSH 
D)  ACTH 
E)  LH

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT an example of an autocrine chemical messenger?

Accepted Answer

A)  Prostacyclins 
B)  Thromboxanes 
C)  Leukotrienes 
D)  Endorphins 
A)  Prostacyclins 
B)  Thromboxanes 
C)  Leukotrienes 
D)  Endorphins

Question 13

All of the following are examples of tropic hormones secreted by the anterior pituitary except

Accepted Answer

A)  prolactin, which stimulates milk production by the mammary glands. 
B)  ACTH, which stimulates cortisol secretion by the adrenal cortex. 
C)  TSH, which stimulates thyroid hormone secretion by the thyroid gland. 
D)  All of the choices are examples of tropic hormones. 
A)  prolactin, which stimulates milk production by the mammary glands. 
B)  ACTH, which stimulates cortisol secretion by the adrenal cortex. 
C)  TSH, which stimulates thyroid hormone secretion by the thyroid gland. 
D)  All of the choices are examples of tropic hormones.

Question 14

Which of the following statements about epinephrine is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  The effects of epinephrine are long-lasting (days to weeks). 
B)  Epinephrine increases blood pressure. 
C)  Epinephrine decreases heart rate. 
D)  Epinephrine increases GI tract activity. 
E)  Epinephrine is a chemical of the parasympathetic nervous system. 
A)  The effects of epinephrine are long-lasting (days to weeks). 
B)  Epinephrine increases blood pressure. 
C)  Epinephrine decreases heart rate. 
D)  Epinephrine increases GI tract activity. 
E)  Epinephrine is a chemical of the parasympathetic nervous system.

Question 15

Which of the following events occurs last?

Accepted Answer

A)  Enzymes break down thyroglobulin to release T3 and T4. 
B)  T3 and T4 are stored within thyroid follicles. 
C)  Iodide is bound to tyrosine molecules of thyroglobulin. 
D)  Thyroglobulin is taken into thyroid cells by endocytosis. 
E)  Iodide is actively transported into thyroid follicle cells. 
A)  Enzymes break down thyroglobulin to release T3 and T4. 
B)  T3 and T4 are stored within thyroid follicles. 
C)  Iodide is bound to tyrosine molecules of thyroglobulin. 
D)  Thyroglobulin is taken into thyroid cells by endocytosis. 
E)  Iodide is actively transported into thyroid follicle cells.

Question 16

The target tissue for melatonin is the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  gonads 
B)  anterior pituitary 
C)  posterior pituitary 
D)  liver 
E)  hypothalamus 
A)  gonads 
B)  anterior pituitary 
C)  posterior pituitary 
D)  liver 
E)  hypothalamus

Question 17

The hypothalamus

Accepted Answer

A)  rests in the sella turcica. 
B)  is also called the neurohypophysis. 
C)  is located inferior to the pituitary gland. 
D)  regulates the secretory activity of the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland. 
E)  is located superior to the thalamus. 
A)  rests in the sella turcica. 
B)  is also called the neurohypophysis. 
C)  is located inferior to the pituitary gland. 
D)  regulates the secretory activity of the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland. 
E)  is located superior to the thalamus.

Question 18

Decreased insulin secretion during sustained activity allows skeletal muscle cells to take up extra glucose to maintain necessary ATP levels.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

If insulin secretion is too low or its receptors are insensitive, all of the following effects are seen, except

Accepted Answer

A)  high blood glucose levels. 
B)  polyuria. 
C)  increased uptake of glucose to cells. 
D)  increased thirst. 
E)  polyphagia. 
A)  high blood glucose levels. 
B)  polyuria. 
C)  increased uptake of glucose to cells. 
D)  increased thirst. 
E)  polyphagia.

Question 20

Increased metabolic activity and weight loss are associated with

Accepted Answer

A)  lack of iodine in the diet. 
B)  hyperthyroidism. 
C)  too little TSH. 
D)  cretinism. 
E)  hypothyroidism. 
A)  lack of iodine in the diet. 
B)  hyperthyroidism. 
C)  too little TSH. 
D)  cretinism. 
E)  hypothyroidism.

Exam 18: Endocrine Glands

Compounds released from cells that influence the same cell are called ________.

Match the endocrine gland with the hormone it secretes. -Ovary

Which of the following characteristics is associated with hyposecretion of thyroid hormones?

Glucagon is synthesized by the ________ cells of the pancreas.

Which pancreatic cells is correctly matched to its secretion?

Which of the following would apply to the description of a thyroid follicle?

Which of the following statements best describes relaxin?

The endocrine system is a system of ductless glands that secrete their products into the interstitial fluid.

The posterior pituitary

Match the cell type with the hormone produced by that cell type. -Cells of parathyroid gland

Which of the following stimulates the development of follicles in the ovary?

Which of the following is NOT an example of an autocrine chemical messenger?

All of the following are examples of tropic hormones secreted by the anterior pituitary except

Which of the following statements about epinephrine is true?

Which of the following events occurs last?

The target tissue for melatonin is the ________.

The hypothalamus

Decreased insulin secretion during sustained activity allows skeletal muscle cells to take up extra glucose to maintain necessary ATP levels.

If insulin secretion is too low or its receptors are insensitive, all of the following effects are seen, except

Increased metabolic activity and weight loss are associated with

The Human Organism

The Chemical Basis of Life

Cell Biology

Tissues

Integumentary System

Skeletal System: Bones and Bone Tissue

Skeletal System: Gross Anatomy

Joint and Movement

Muscular System: Histology and Physiology

Muscular System: Gross Anatomy

Functional Organization of Nervous Tissue

Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves

Brain and Cranial Nerves

Integration of Nervous System Functions

The Special Senses

Autonomic Nervous System

Functional Organization of the Endocrine System

Cardiovascular System: Blood

Cardiovascular System: the Heart

Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels and Circulation

Lymphatic System and Immunity

Respiratory System

Digestive System

Nutrition, Metabolism, and Temperature Regulation

Urinary System

Water, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance

Reproductive System

Development, Growth, Aging, and Genetics

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