Question 1

The connecting stalk between the hypothalamus and the pituitary gland is the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  tectum 
B)  cerebral peduncle 
C)  hippocampus 
D)  infundibulum 
A)  tectum 
B)  cerebral peduncle 
C)  hippocampus 
D)  infundibulum

Question 2

The major thyroid hormone that interacts with target cells is ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  calcitonin 
B)  thyroxine 
C)  tetraiodothyronine 
D)  T3 
E)  T4 
A)  calcitonin 
B)  thyroxine 
C)  tetraiodothyronine 
D)  T3 
E)  T4

Question 3

Match the hormone with its appropriate function.
-Calcitonin

Accepted Answer

A) Stimulates synthesis of thyroid hormones 
B) Increases adrenal cortex secretions 
C) Development of immune system 
D) Milk production 
E) Decreases blood Ca2+ levels 
A) Stimulates synthesis of thyroid hormones 
B) Increases adrenal cortex secretions 
C) Development of immune system 
D) Milk production 
E) Decreases blood Ca2+ levels

Question 4

In Alaska, the longest day of summer is over 20 hours. Predict how this would affect melatonin secretion.

Accepted Answer

A)  Melatonin secretion would decrease due to the extended length of time an individual is exposed to sunlight. 
B)  Melatonin secretion would increase due to the extended length of time an individual is exposed to sunlight. 
A)  Melatonin secretion would decrease due to the extended length of time an individual is exposed to sunlight. 
B)  Melatonin secretion would increase due to the extended length of time an individual is exposed to sunlight.

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT an action of parathyroid hormone?

Accepted Answer

A)  Decreases the release of phosphate from bone 
B)  Stimulates osteoclast activity resulting in the release of Ca2+ 
C)  Stimulates increased reabsorption of Ca2+ in the kidneys 
D)  Stimulates absorption of Ca2+ from the small intestine 
E)  Increases enzymatic formation of active vitamin D 
A)  Decreases the release of phosphate from bone 
B)  Stimulates osteoclast activity resulting in the release of Ca2+ 
C)  Stimulates increased reabsorption of Ca2+ in the kidneys 
D)  Stimulates absorption of Ca2+ from the small intestine 
E)  Increases enzymatic formation of active vitamin D

Question 6

Read the two statements and use the following key to answer them.
(1) Metabolic rate if thyroid hormones are under secreted
(2) Metabolic rate if thyroid hormones are over secreted

Accepted Answer

A)  The first item is greater than the second item. 
B)  The first item is less than the second item. 
C)  The first item is equal or nearly equal to the second item. 
A)  The first item is greater than the second item. 
B)  The first item is less than the second item. 
C)  The first item is equal or nearly equal to the second item.

Question 7

Match the pathological condition with its cause.
-Graves disease
A)Decreased amounts of thyroid hormone
B)Increased amounts of thyroid hormone
C)Abnormally low levels of aldosterone and cortisol
D)Increased levels of growth hormone in adults
E)Lack of ADH

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match the pathological condition with its cause.
-Graves...

Question 8

Oxytocin is responsible for

Accepted Answer

A)  preventing release of insulin from the pancreas. 
B)  preventing the formation of goiters. 
C)  milk production by the mammary glands. 
D)  regulating blood calcium levels. 
E)  causing contractions of uterine smooth muscle during labor. 
A)  preventing release of insulin from the pancreas. 
B)  preventing the formation of goiters. 
C)  milk production by the mammary glands. 
D)  regulating blood calcium levels. 
E)  causing contractions of uterine smooth muscle during labor.

Question 9

Removal of the anterior pituitary would affect the functioning of the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  thyroid gland 
B)  pancreas islets in the pancreas 
C)  parathyroid gland 
D)  adrenal medulla 
E)  kidney 
A)  thyroid gland 
B)  pancreas islets in the pancreas 
C)  parathyroid gland 
D)  adrenal medulla 
E)  kidney

Question 10

The amount of melatonin secreted by the pineal gland is regulated by

Accepted Answer

A)  the stress response. 
B)  blood glucose levels. 
C)  a person's individual metabolic rate. 
D)  the amount of sleep a person gets. 
E)  the photoperiod (the daily amount of daylight). 
A)  the stress response. 
B)  blood glucose levels. 
C)  a person's individual metabolic rate. 
D)  the amount of sleep a person gets. 
E)  the photoperiod (the daily amount of daylight).

Question 11

When blood sugar levels decrease,

Accepted Answer

A)  insulin and glucagon secretion increase. 
B)  insulin and glucagon secretion decrease. 
C)  insulin secretion increases; glucagon secretion decreases. 
D)  insulin secretion decreases; glucagon secretion increases. 
E)  there is no change in insulin or glucagon levels. 
A)  insulin and glucagon secretion increase. 
B)  insulin and glucagon secretion decrease. 
C)  insulin secretion increases; glucagon secretion decreases. 
D)  insulin secretion decreases; glucagon secretion increases. 
E)  there is no change in insulin or glucagon levels.

Question 12

Which of the following is a target tissue for PTH (parathyroid hormone)?

Accepted Answer

A)  Thyroid 
B)  Blood 
C)  Pancreas 
D)  Small intestine 
E)  Stomach 
A)  Thyroid 
B)  Blood 
C)  Pancreas 
D)  Small intestine 
E)  Stomach

Question 13

The major target tissues of insulin include all of the following, except ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  adipose tissue 
B)  liver 
C)  skeletal muscle 
D)  brain 
A)  adipose tissue 
B)  liver 
C)  skeletal muscle 
D)  brain

Question 14

A physician is reviewing the chart of a patient with multiple medical issues. She is convinced it is due to the hypersecretion of a particular endocrine gland. Which of the following will she need to know to verify the diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Normal blood levels of the hormone 
B)  Target tissues and mechanism of action on the target tissues 
C)  Gland secreting the particular hormone 
D)  All of the choices are correct. 
A)  Normal blood levels of the hormone 
B)  Target tissues and mechanism of action on the target tissues 
C)  Gland secreting the particular hormone 
D)  All of the choices are correct.

Question 15

Which hormone is sometimes given to women to induce labor?

Accepted Answer

A)  Glucagon 
B)  Prolactin 
C)  Progesterone 
D)  Oxytocin 
E)  Estrogen 
A)  Glucagon 
B)  Prolactin 
C)  Progesterone 
D)  Oxytocin 
E)  Estrogen

Question 16

Increased insulin secretion immediately following a meal will result in increased

Accepted Answer

A)  lipid catabolism. 
B)  glycogenolysis. 
C)  gluconeogenesis. 
D)  glycogen synthesis. 
E)  release of glucose into the circulatory system. 
A)  lipid catabolism. 
B)  glycogenolysis. 
C)  gluconeogenesis. 
D)  glycogen synthesis. 
E)  release of glucose into the circulatory system.

Question 17

A function of insulin is to

Accepted Answer

A)  increase the uptake of glucose by its target tissues. 
B)  decrease the uptake of amino acids by its target tissues. 
C)  increase glycogen breakdown in the liver and skeletal muscle. 
D)  increase breakdown of lipids. 
E)  increase gluconeogenesis. 
A)  increase the uptake of glucose by its target tissues. 
B)  decrease the uptake of amino acids by its target tissues. 
C)  increase glycogen breakdown in the liver and skeletal muscle. 
D)  increase breakdown of lipids. 
E)  increase gluconeogenesis.

Question 18

During the last trimester, the placenta secretes a hormone similar to LH that is necessary for maintenance of pregnancy.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

The hypothalamohypophysial tract carries

Accepted Answer

A)  neurohormones from the hypothalamus to the anterior pituitary. 
B)  neurohormones from the hypothalamus to the posterior pituitary. 
C)  neurons from the hypothalamus to the anterior pituitary. 
D)  neurons from the hypothalamus to the posterior pituitary. 
E)  neurons from the anterior pituitary to posterior pituitary. 
A)  neurohormones from the hypothalamus to the anterior pituitary. 
B)  neurohormones from the hypothalamus to the posterior pituitary. 
C)  neurons from the hypothalamus to the anterior pituitary. 
D)  neurons from the hypothalamus to the posterior pituitary. 
E)  neurons from the anterior pituitary to posterior pituitary.

Question 20

Insulin shock occurs when there is

Accepted Answer

A)  damage to pancreatic beta cells. 
B)  too much glucagon available. 
C)  a rapid fall in the blood sugar level. 
D)  overstimulation of alpha cells. 
E)  not enough glucagon available. 
A)  damage to pancreatic beta cells. 
B)  too much glucagon available. 
C)  a rapid fall in the blood sugar level. 
D)  overstimulation of alpha cells. 
E)  not enough glucagon available.

Exam 18: Endocrine Glands

The connecting stalk between the hypothalamus and the pituitary gland is the ________.

The major thyroid hormone that interacts with target cells is ________.

Match the hormone with its appropriate function. -Calcitonin

In Alaska, the longest day of summer is over 20 hours. Predict how this would affect melatonin secretion.

Which of the following is NOT an action of parathyroid hormone?

Read the two statements and use the following key to answer them. (1) Metabolic rate if thyroid hormones are under secreted (2) Metabolic rate if thyroid hormones are over secreted

Match the pathological condition with its cause. -Graves disease A)Decreased amounts of thyroid hormone B)Increased amounts of thyroid hormone C)Abnormally low levels of aldosterone and cortisol D)Increased levels of growth hormone in adults E)Lack of ADH

Oxytocin is responsible for

Removal of the anterior pituitary would affect the functioning of the ________.

The amount of melatonin secreted by the pineal gland is regulated by

When blood sugar levels decrease,

Which of the following is a target tissue for PTH (parathyroid hormone)?

The major target tissues of insulin include all of the following, except ________.

A physician is reviewing the chart of a patient with multiple medical issues. She is convinced it is due to the hypersecretion of a particular endocrine gland. Which of the following will she need to know to verify the diagnosis?

Which hormone is sometimes given to women to induce labor?

Increased insulin secretion immediately following a meal will result in increased

A function of insulin is to

During the last trimester, the placenta secretes a hormone similar to LH that is necessary for maintenance of pregnancy.

The hypothalamohypophysial tract carries

Insulin shock occurs when there is

The Human Organism

The Chemical Basis of Life

Cell Biology

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Joint and Movement

Muscular System: Histology and Physiology

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Integration of Nervous System Functions

The Special Senses

Autonomic Nervous System

Functional Organization of the Endocrine System

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Cardiovascular System: the Heart

Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels and Circulation

Lymphatic System and Immunity

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