Question 1

In hypogeous germination, the cotyledons remain in the soil.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

The radial pattern of embryogenesis consists of concentrically arranged tissue systems.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

In Arabidopsis, embryonic development is thought to be coordinated by at least ______ distinct genes.

Accepted Answer

A) 50 
B) 150 
C) 350 
D) 550 
E) 750 
A) 50 
B) 150 
C) 350 
D) 550 
E) 750

Question 4

In angiosperms, polarity can be established either with the first division of the zygote or before.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Normal development of the ______ prevents formation of extra embryos by the ______.

Accepted Answer

A) embryo proper; apical meristems 
B) primary meristems; embryo proper 
C) suspensor; apical meristems 
D) embryo proper; suspensor 
E) suspensor; embryo proper 
A) embryo proper; apical meristems 
B) primary meristems; embryo proper 
C) suspensor; apical meristems 
D) embryo proper; suspensor 
E) suspensor; embryo proper

Question 6

The protoderm is formed by anticlinal divisions of the outermost cells of the embryo proper.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

A quiescent seed will not germinate even when external conditions are favorable.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

The cotyledon of grasses is called a scutellum.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

During embryogenesis in Arabidopsis, mutants with the twn mutation:

Accepted Answer

A) form no viable embryos. 
B) produce no food reserves. 
C) form secondary embryos from the suspensor. 
D) produce a suspensor that dies prematurely. 
E) produce a suspensor that loses its polarity. 
A) form no viable embryos. 
B) produce no food reserves. 
C) form secondary embryos from the suspensor. 
D) produce a suspensor that dies prematurely. 
E) produce a suspensor that loses its polarity.

Question 10

The suspensor is part of the embryo proper.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

The embryonic root is called the radicle.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

In maize (Zea mays), the first structure to emerge from the seed during germination is the:

Accepted Answer

A) epicotyl. 
B) hypocotyl. 
C) radicle. 
D) coleorhiza. 
E) coleoptile. 
A) epicotyl. 
B) hypocotyl. 
C) radicle. 
D) coleorhiza. 
E) coleoptile.

Question 13

Which of the following statements about the polarity of an embryo is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A) It fixes the structural axis of the body. 
B) It is established only after the zygote has divided. 
C) It is essential to the development of all higher organisms. 
D) It refers to the condition in which one end is different from the other end. 
E) It is a key component of biological pattern formation. 
A) It fixes the structural axis of the body. 
B) It is established only after the zygote has divided. 
C) It is essential to the development of all higher organisms. 
D) It refers to the condition in which one end is different from the other end. 
E) It is a key component of biological pattern formation.

Question 14

In epigeous germination, which structure emerges above ground first?

Accepted Answer

A) cotyledon 
B) epicotyl 
C) hypocotyl 
D) coleoptile 
E) radicle 
A) cotyledon 
B) epicotyl 
C) hypocotyl 
D) coleoptile 
E) radicle

Question 15

A quiescent seed is different from a dormant seed in that a quiescent seed will germinate:

Accepted Answer

A) when hydrated. 
B) under anaerobic conditions. 
C) in the presence of growth inhibitors. 
D) when the embryo is physiologically immature. 
E) under suboptimal temperature conditions. 
A) when hydrated. 
B) under anaerobic conditions. 
C) in the presence of growth inhibitors. 
D) when the embryo is physiologically immature. 
E) under suboptimal temperature conditions.

Question 16

The funiculus is the stalk of the seed.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

When the seed coat is ruptured during germination, the seed:

Accepted Answer

A) switches to anaerobic glucose breakdown. 
B) switches to aerobic respiration. 
C) first begins to use glucose as a fuel molecule. 
D) no longer uses glucose as a fuel molecule. 
E) is no longer able to use oxygen. 
A) switches to anaerobic glucose breakdown. 
B) switches to aerobic respiration. 
C) first begins to use glucose as a fuel molecule. 
D) no longer uses glucose as a fuel molecule. 
E) is no longer able to use oxygen.

Question 18

Which of the following statements concerning primary meristems is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A) An example is the suspensor. 
B) An example is the procambium. 
C) An example is the ground meristem. 
D) They are formed during embryogenesis. 
E) They are meristematic. 
A) An example is the suspensor. 
B) An example is the procambium. 
C) An example is the ground meristem. 
D) They are formed during embryogenesis. 
E) They are meristematic.

Question 19

The cotyledon of grasses is called a(n):

Accepted Answer

A) scutellum. 
B) hypocotyl. 
C) epicotyl. 
D) coleorhiza. 
E) hilum. 
A) scutellum. 
B) hypocotyl. 
C) epicotyl. 
D) coleorhiza. 
E) hilum.

Question 20

Which of following lists the correct developmental sequence in eudicots, where I is the globular stage; II, the heart stage; III, the proembryo; IV, the torpedo stage; and V, the zygote?

Accepted Answer

A) V, III, I, II, IV 
B) I, V, IV, II, III 
C) III, V, II, IV, I 
D) V, I, III, II, IV 
E) V, III, II, I, IV 
A) V, III, I, II, IV 
B) I, V, IV, II, III 
C) III, V, II, IV, I 
D) V, I, III, II, IV 
E) V, III, II, I, IV

Exam 22: Early Development of the Plant Body

In hypogeous germination, the cotyledons remain in the soil.

The radial pattern of embryogenesis consists of concentrically arranged tissue systems.

In Arabidopsis, embryonic development is thought to be coordinated by at least ______ distinct genes.

In angiosperms, polarity can be established either with the first division of the zygote or before.

Normal development of the ______ prevents formation of extra embryos by the ______.

The protoderm is formed by anticlinal divisions of the outermost cells of the embryo proper.

A quiescent seed will not germinate even when external conditions are favorable.

The cotyledon of grasses is called a scutellum.

During embryogenesis in Arabidopsis, mutants with the twn mutation:

The suspensor is part of the embryo proper.

The embryonic root is called the radicle.

In maize (Zea mays), the first structure to emerge from the seed during germination is the:

Which of the following statements about the polarity of an embryo is FALSE?

In epigeous germination, which structure emerges above ground first?

A quiescent seed is different from a dormant seed in that a quiescent seed will germinate:

The funiculus is the stalk of the seed.

When the seed coat is ruptured during germination, the seed:

Which of the following statements concerning primary meristems is FALSE?

The cotyledon of grasses is called a(n):

Which of following lists the correct developmental sequence in eudicots, where I is the globular stage; II, the heart stage; III, the proembryo; IV, the torpedo stage; and V, the zygote?

Botany: an Introduction

The Molecular Composition of Plant Cells

The Plant Cell and the Cell Cycle

The Movement of Substances Into and Out of Cells

The Flow of Energy

Respiration

Photosynthesis, Light, and Life

Sexual Reproduction and Heredity

The Chemistry of Heredity and Gene Expression

Recombinant Dna Technology, Plant Biotechnology, and Genomics

The Process of Evolution

Systematics: the Science of Biological Diversity

Prokaryotes and Viruses

Fungi

Protists: Algae and Heterotrophic Protists

Bryophytes

Seedless Vascular Plants

Gymnosperms

Introduction to the Angiosperms

Evolution of the Angiosperms

Plants and People

Cells and Tissues of the Plant Body

The Root: Structure and Development

The Shoot: Primary Structure and Development

Secondary Growth in Stems

Regulating Growth and Development: the Plant Hormones

External Factors and Plant Growth

Plant Nutrition and Soils

The Movement of Water and Solutes in Plants

The Dynamics of Communities and Ecosystems

Global Ecology

Filters

Normal development of the prevents formation of extra embryos by the .