Question 1

In gymnosperms and eudicots, the primary root is called the:

Accepted Answer

A) fibrous root. 
B) prop root. 
C) lateral root. 
D) taproot. 
E) branch root. 
A) fibrous root. 
B) prop root. 
C) lateral root. 
D) taproot. 
E) branch root. D

Question 2

Most monocot roots lack secondary growth.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 3

Primary phloem is located between the:

Accepted Answer

A) epidermis and cortex. 
B) endodermis and pericycle. 
C) xylem and pith. 
D) xylem ridges. 
E) exodermis and endodermis. 
A) epidermis and cortex. 
B) endodermis and pericycle. 
C) xylem and pith. 
D) xylem ridges. 
E) exodermis and endodermis. D

Question 4

In roots, cells of the pericycle contribute to the vascular cambium.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

The rhizosphere is the volume of:

Accepted Answer

A) nitrogen-fixing bacteria surrounding the root. 
B) soil around the root. 
C) mucilage secreted by the root. 
D) root hairs plus mucilage. 
E) rootcap cells released from the root. 
A) nitrogen-fixing bacteria surrounding the root. 
B) soil around the root. 
C) mucilage secreted by the root. 
D) root hairs plus mucilage. 
E) rootcap cells released from the root.

Question 6

Border cells undergo programmed cell death immediately after being separated from the root.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Which of the following statements about border cells is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A) They are the peripheral cells of the root cap. 
B) They are programmed to separate from the root cap and from each other. 
C) They remain alive in the soil as individual cells. 
D) They protect the apical meristem from infection. 
E) They produce a similar array of proteins during their lifetime. 
A) They are the peripheral cells of the root cap. 
B) They are programmed to separate from the root cap and from each other. 
C) They remain alive in the soil as individual cells. 
D) They protect the apical meristem from infection. 
E) They produce a similar array of proteins during their lifetime.

Question 8

In seedlings, the total water- and mineral-absorbing surface of the roots usually exceeds the photosynthesizing surface of the leaves and stem.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

At the center of most eudicot roots is:

Accepted Answer

A) pith. 
B) protoxylem. 
C) metaxylem. 
D) pericycle. 
E) air. 
A) pith. 
B) protoxylem. 
C) metaxylem. 
D) pericycle. 
E) air.

Question 10

A stilt root is an example of a(n):

Accepted Answer

A) aerial root. 
B) air root. 
C) pneumatophore. 
D) storage root. 
E) valamen. 
A) aerial root. 
B) air root. 
C) pneumatophore. 
D) storage root. 
E) valamen.

Question 11

The endodermis is found in the outermost layer of cells of the cortex.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

In a "closed type" of root apical organization, the:

Accepted Answer

A) apical meristem lacks derivatives. 
B) cortex and vascular cylinder each have their own initials, but the rootcap and epidermis do not. 
C) cortex and rootcap each have their own initials, but the vascular cylinder and epidermis do not. 
D) rootcap, vascular cylinder, and cortex each have their own initials. 
E) rootcap, vascular cylinder, and cortex have common initials. 
A) apical meristem lacks derivatives. 
B) cortex and vascular cylinder each have their own initials, but the rootcap and epidermis do not. 
C) cortex and rootcap each have their own initials, but the vascular cylinder and epidermis do not. 
D) rootcap, vascular cylinder, and cortex each have their own initials. 
E) rootcap, vascular cylinder, and cortex have common initials.

Question 13

The cork cambium produces phelloderm toward the outside and cork toward the inside.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

In angiosperms, cells of the ______ and the ______ contribute to lateral root formation.

Accepted Answer

A) endodermis; pericycle 
B) epidermis; pericycle 
C) epidermis; endodermis 
D) pith; cortex 
E) primary phloem; secondary phloem 
A) endodermis; pericycle 
B) epidermis; pericycle 
C) epidermis; endodermis 
D) pith; cortex 
E) primary phloem; secondary phloem

Question 15

Which of the following statements concerning roots is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A) Some roots produce buds. 
B) Some roots store food. 
C) Some roots synthesize nicotine. 
D) Some roots synthesize cytokinins. 
E) Some roots contain an internal rhizosphere. 
A) Some roots produce buds. 
B) Some roots store food. 
C) Some roots synthesize nicotine. 
D) Some roots synthesize cytokinins. 
E) Some roots contain an internal rhizosphere.

Question 16

Velamen is a(n):

Accepted Answer

A) multiple epidermis. 
B) multiple cortex. 
C) epiphyte. 
D) pneumatophore. 
E) enzyme produced by lateral roots. 
A) multiple epidermis. 
B) multiple cortex. 
C) epiphyte. 
D) pneumatophore. 
E) enzyme produced by lateral roots.

Question 17

Casparian strips are located in the anticlinal walls of endodermal cells.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Which of the following statements about the exodermis is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A) It apparently reduces water loss from the root. 
B) It may contain cellulose. 
C) It contains suberin lamellae. 
D) It contains Casparian strips. 
E) It is part of the epidermis. 
A) It apparently reduces water loss from the root. 
B) It may contain cellulose. 
C) It contains suberin lamellae. 
D) It contains Casparian strips. 
E) It is part of the epidermis.

Question 19

After you transplant a shrub, which of the following is the more effective next step you should do to increase the chances that the shrub will survive?

Accepted Answer

A) Add fertilizer. 
B) Add weed killers. 
C) Cut back the fine roots. 
D) Cut back the lateral roots. 
E) Cut back the shoot. 
A) Add fertilizer. 
B) Add weed killers. 
C) Cut back the fine roots. 
D) Cut back the lateral roots. 
E) Cut back the shoot.

Question 20

In the center of maize roots is:

Accepted Answer

A) xylem. 
B) a pith. 
C) an endodermis. 
D) a pericycle. 
E) aerenchyma. 
A) xylem. 
B) a pith. 
C) an endodermis. 
D) a pericycle. 
E) aerenchyma.

Exam 24: The Root: Structure and Development

In gymnosperms and eudicots, the primary root is called the:

Most monocot roots lack secondary growth.

Primary phloem is located between the:

In roots, cells of the pericycle contribute to the vascular cambium.

The rhizosphere is the volume of:

Border cells undergo programmed cell death immediately after being separated from the root.

Which of the following statements about border cells is FALSE?

In seedlings, the total water- and mineral-absorbing surface of the roots usually exceeds the photosynthesizing surface of the leaves and stem.

At the center of most eudicot roots is:

A stilt root is an example of a(n):

The endodermis is found in the outermost layer of cells of the cortex.

In a "closed type" of root apical organization, the:

The cork cambium produces phelloderm toward the outside and cork toward the inside.

In angiosperms, cells of the ______ and the ______ contribute to lateral root formation.

Which of the following statements concerning roots is FALSE?

Velamen is a(n):

Casparian strips are located in the anticlinal walls of endodermal cells.

Which of the following statements about the exodermis is FALSE?

After you transplant a shrub, which of the following is the more effective next step you should do to increase the chances that the shrub will survive?

In the center of maize roots is:

Botany: an Introduction

The Molecular Composition of Plant Cells

The Plant Cell and the Cell Cycle

The Movement of Substances Into and Out of Cells

The Flow of Energy

Respiration

Photosynthesis, Light, and Life

Sexual Reproduction and Heredity

The Chemistry of Heredity and Gene Expression

Recombinant Dna Technology, Plant Biotechnology, and Genomics

The Process of Evolution

Systematics: the Science of Biological Diversity

Prokaryotes and Viruses

Fungi

Protists: Algae and Heterotrophic Protists

Bryophytes

Seedless Vascular Plants

Gymnosperms

Introduction to the Angiosperms

Evolution of the Angiosperms

Plants and People

Early Development of the Plant Body

Cells and Tissues of the Plant Body

The Shoot: Primary Structure and Development

Secondary Growth in Stems

Regulating Growth and Development: the Plant Hormones

External Factors and Plant Growth

Plant Nutrition and Soils

The Movement of Water and Solutes in Plants

The Dynamics of Communities and Ecosystems

Global Ecology

Filters

In angiosperms, cells of the and the contribute to lateral root formation.