Question 1

Radial micellation refers to the ______ of guard cells.

Accepted Answer

A) shape 
B) opening and closing 
C) orientation of proteins in the plasma membrane 
D) orientation of cellulose microfibrils in the cell walls 
E) mode of attachment between the ends 
A) shape 
B) opening and closing 
C) orientation of proteins in the plasma membrane 
D) orientation of cellulose microfibrils in the cell walls 
E) mode of attachment between the ends D

Question 2

All symplastic loading mechanisms are active rather than passive.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 3

All of the following can induce embolisms in a vessel or tracheid EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A) an air bubble coming in contact with a torus blocking an aperture of a bordered pit-pair. 
B) air being sucked in through a pit-membrane pore. 
C) an insect bite that damages xylem tissue. 
D) freezing of the xylem sap. 
E) drought. 
A) an air bubble coming in contact with a torus blocking an aperture of a bordered pit-pair. 
B) air being sucked in through a pit-membrane pore. 
C) an insect bite that damages xylem tissue. 
D) freezing of the xylem sap. 
E) drought. A

Question 4

The polymer trapping mechanism is a symplastic loading mechanism.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Both symplastic and apoplastic loading can occur in the same species.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT a benefit of hydraulic redistribution?

Accepted Answer

A) It prevents the dry-season transpiration of Amazonian trees. 
B) It reduces the possibility of water logging in surface soils. 
C) It allows mycorrhizae to persist in dry soils. 
D) It transfers water from the wet soil surface to deep soil layers that are dry. 
E) It makes water available to neighboring plants that are less deeply rooted. 
A) It prevents the dry-season transpiration of Amazonian trees. 
B) It reduces the possibility of water logging in surface soils. 
C) It allows mycorrhizae to persist in dry soils. 
D) It transfers water from the wet soil surface to deep soil layers that are dry. 
E) It makes water available to neighboring plants that are less deeply rooted.

Question 7

In the process of guttation, water is exuded from leaves through hydathodes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

In guard cells, _____ is the dominant osmoticum in the morning, and ______ is the dominant osmoticum in the afternoon.

Accepted Answer

A) Cl-; sucrose 
B) malate; K+ 
C) K+, malate 
D) sucrose; K+ 
E) K+; sucrose 
A) Cl-; sucrose 
B) malate; K+ 
C) K+, malate 
D) sucrose; K+ 
E) K+; sucrose

Question 9

In the process of stomatal movement, blue light activates a proton pump in the plasma membrane of the guard cell.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Even when stomata are closed, photosynthesis can occur as long as light is available.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Mycorrhizae are especially important in the plant's absorption of:

Accepted Answer

A) zinc. 
B) phosphorus. 
C) manganese. 
D) copper. 
E) iron. 
A) zinc. 
B) phosphorus. 
C) manganese. 
D) copper. 
E) iron.

Question 12

Stomatal transpiration involves two steps:

Accepted Answer

A) evaporation and diffusion. 
B) evaporation and active transport. 
C) osmosis and evaporation. 
D) osmosis and active transport. 
E) photosynthesis and respiration. 
A) evaporation and diffusion. 
B) evaporation and active transport. 
C) osmosis and evaporation. 
D) osmosis and active transport. 
E) photosynthesis and respiration.

Question 13

The greater the vapor pressure difference between the intercellular spaces and the leaf surface, the faster is the rate of transpiration.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Which of the following statements about phloem unloading and transport is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A) Unloading can be apoplastic. 
B) Unloading can be symplastic. 
C) In young leaves and roots, unloading is probably passive. 
D) In storage organs, energy is needed to accumulate sugars in sink cells. 
E) In young leaves and roots, post-sieve-tube transport is passive. 
A) Unloading can be apoplastic. 
B) Unloading can be symplastic. 
C) In young leaves and roots, unloading is probably passive. 
D) In storage organs, energy is needed to accumulate sugars in sink cells. 
E) In young leaves and roots, post-sieve-tube transport is passive.

Question 15

In the process of stomatal opening, the ________ walls of the guard cells ________ relative to their common walls.

Accepted Answer

A) inner; move inward 
B) inner; move outward 
C) outer; move inward 
D) outer; move outward 
E) outer; remain unchanged 
A) inner; move inward 
B) inner; move outward 
C) outer; move inward 
D) outer; move outward 
E) outer; remain unchanged

Question 16

In the pressure-flow mechanism, sugars are transported passively through sieve tubes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Transpiration is the:

Accepted Answer

A) flow of water through the xylem. 
B) loss of water vapor from plants. 
C) absorption of water by roots. 
D) loss of carbon dioxide from leaves. 
E) entry of carbon dioxide into leaves. 
A) flow of water through the xylem. 
B) loss of water vapor from plants. 
C) absorption of water by roots. 
D) loss of carbon dioxide from leaves. 
E) entry of carbon dioxide into leaves.

Question 18

Approximately 99 percent of the water taken in by the roots is released via transpiration.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

In sucrose-proton symport, ATP is utilized more directly for the transport of protons than for the transport of sucrose.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Which of the following statements about sources and sinks in assimilate movement is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A) A plant part unable to meet its nutritional needs functions as a sink. 
B) In seedlings, the cotyledons commonly act as the major sinks. 
C) In mature plants, the upper leaves commonly act as sources for the shoot apex. 
D) In mature plants, the lower leaves commonly act as sources for the roots. 
E) Developing fruits are highly competitive sinks. 
A) A plant part unable to meet its nutritional needs functions as a sink. 
B) In seedlings, the cotyledons commonly act as the major sinks. 
C) In mature plants, the upper leaves commonly act as sources for the shoot apex. 
D) In mature plants, the lower leaves commonly act as sources for the roots. 
E) Developing fruits are highly competitive sinks.

Exam 30: The Movement of Water and Solutes in Plants

Radial micellation refers to the ______ of guard cells.

All symplastic loading mechanisms are active rather than passive.

All of the following can induce embolisms in a vessel or tracheid EXCEPT:

The polymer trapping mechanism is a symplastic loading mechanism.

Both symplastic and apoplastic loading can occur in the same species.

Which of the following is NOT a benefit of hydraulic redistribution?

In the process of guttation, water is exuded from leaves through hydathodes.

In guard cells, _____ is the dominant osmoticum in the morning, and ______ is the dominant osmoticum in the afternoon.

In the process of stomatal movement, blue light activates a proton pump in the plasma membrane of the guard cell.

Even when stomata are closed, photosynthesis can occur as long as light is available.

Mycorrhizae are especially important in the plant's absorption of:

Stomatal transpiration involves two steps:

The greater the vapor pressure difference between the intercellular spaces and the leaf surface, the faster is the rate of transpiration.

Which of the following statements about phloem unloading and transport is FALSE?

In the process of stomatal opening, the ________ walls of the guard cells ________ relative to their common walls.

In the pressure-flow mechanism, sugars are transported passively through sieve tubes.

Transpiration is the:

Approximately 99 percent of the water taken in by the roots is released via transpiration.

In sucrose-proton symport, ATP is utilized more directly for the transport of protons than for the transport of sucrose.

Which of the following statements about sources and sinks in assimilate movement is FALSE?

Botany: an Introduction

The Molecular Composition of Plant Cells

The Plant Cell and the Cell Cycle

The Movement of Substances Into and Out of Cells

The Flow of Energy

Respiration

Photosynthesis, Light, and Life

Sexual Reproduction and Heredity

The Chemistry of Heredity and Gene Expression

Recombinant Dna Technology, Plant Biotechnology, and Genomics

The Process of Evolution

Systematics: the Science of Biological Diversity

Prokaryotes and Viruses

Fungi

Protists: Algae and Heterotrophic Protists

Bryophytes

Seedless Vascular Plants

Gymnosperms

Introduction to the Angiosperms

Evolution of the Angiosperms

Plants and People

Early Development of the Plant Body

Cells and Tissues of the Plant Body

The Root: Structure and Development

The Shoot: Primary Structure and Development

Secondary Growth in Stems

Regulating Growth and Development: the Plant Hormones

External Factors and Plant Growth

Plant Nutrition and Soils

The Dynamics of Communities and Ecosystems

Global Ecology

Filters

In guard cells, _ is the dominant osmoticum in the morning, and __ is the dominant osmoticum in the afternoon.

In the process of stomatal opening, the walls of the guard cells relative to their common walls.