Question 1

A coupled reaction is one in which an endergonic reaction is driven by an exergonic reaction.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 2

The vitamin niacin is part of the ______ molecule.

Accepted Answer

A) ferredoxin 
B) iron-sulfur 
C) pyridoxal phosphate 
D) pyrophosphate 
E) NAD+ 
A) ferredoxin 
B) iron-sulfur 
C) pyridoxal phosphate 
D) pyrophosphate 
E) NAD+ E

Question 3

A coenzyme is type of protein.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 4

An enzyme:

Accepted Answer

A) is typically effective only in large amounts. 
B) is a type of carbohydrate. 
C) raises the activation energy of its reaction. 
D) functions as a catalyst. 
E) is permanently altered during the course of its reaction. 
A) is typically effective only in large amounts. 
B) is a type of carbohydrate. 
C) raises the activation energy of its reaction. 
D) functions as a catalyst. 
E) is permanently altered during the course of its reaction.

Question 5

In an ATP molecule, phosphoanhydride bonds link:

Accepted Answer

A) adenine to ribose. 
B) adenine to a phosphate group. 
C) the phosphate groups together. 
D) ribose to a phosphate group. 
E) the ribose groups together. 
A) adenine to ribose. 
B) adenine to a phosphate group. 
C) the phosphate groups together. 
D) ribose to a phosphate group. 
E) the ribose groups together.

Question 6

The overall charge in energy that determines the course of a chemical reaction is the free-energy charge, ΔG.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Enzymes function by raising the activation energy of specific reactions.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

The second law of thermodynamics states that all naturally occurring processes:

Accepted Answer

A) are exothermic. 
B) are endothermic. 
C) are exergonic. 
D) are endergonic. 
E) proceed with an increase in entropy. 
A) are exothermic. 
B) are endothermic. 
C) are exergonic. 
D) are endergonic. 
E) proceed with an increase in entropy.

Question 9

Most enzymes that catalyze phosphorylation reactions require ______ as a cofactor.

Accepted Answer

A) NAD+ 
B) Mg2+ 
C) Ca2+ 
D) AMP 
E) an iron-sulfur cluster 
A) NAD+ 
B) Mg2+ 
C) Ca2+ 
D) AMP 
E) an iron-sulfur cluster

Question 10

A metal ion can be a cofactor.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

In an allosteric enzyme, the substrate binds to the effector site.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

An exergonic reaction:

Accepted Answer

A) is a reaction in which the potential energy of the final state is less than that of the initial state. 
B) does not take place spontaneously. 
C) requires an input of energy from the outside. 
D) has a positive free-energy change. 
E) has a positive ΔG value. 
A) is a reaction in which the potential energy of the final state is less than that of the initial state. 
B) does not take place spontaneously. 
C) requires an input of energy from the outside. 
D) has a positive free-energy change. 
E) has a positive ΔG value.

Question 13

Plants, like humans, are unable to synthesize all of their required vitamins.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

An endergonic reaction is one that releases energy.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

ΔH refers to the:

Accepted Answer

A) heat released in an exergonic reaction. 
B) heat released in an endergonic reaction. 
C) change in enthalpy. 
D) change in entropy. 
E) exact change in potential energy. 
A) heat released in an exergonic reaction. 
B) heat released in an endergonic reaction. 
C) change in enthalpy. 
D) change in entropy. 
E) exact change in potential energy.

Question 16

A substrate binds to its enzyme at a location called the ______ site.

Accepted Answer

A) coenzyme 
B) substrate 
C) active 
D) polypeptide 
E) cofactor 
A) coenzyme 
B) substrate 
C) active 
D) polypeptide 
E) cofactor

Question 17

The first law of thermodynamics states that:

Accepted Answer

A) all natural processes proceed in such a direction that the disorder of the universe increases. 
B) the activation energy of chemical reactions is raised by enzymes. 
C) energy can be changed from one form to another, but it cannot be created or destroyed. 
D) ΔG = ΔH - TΔS. 
E) ATP is the energy currency of the cell. 
A) all natural processes proceed in such a direction that the disorder of the universe increases. 
B) the activation energy of chemical reactions is raised by enzymes. 
C) energy can be changed from one form to another, but it cannot be created or destroyed. 
D) ΔG = ΔH - TΔS. 
E) ATP is the energy currency of the cell.

Question 18

Glucose + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water

Accepted Answer

A) Glucose 
B) Oxygen 
C) Carbon dioxide 
D) Water 
E) Carbon dioxide and water are reduced. 
A) Glucose 
B) Oxygen 
C) Carbon dioxide 
D) Water 
E) Carbon dioxide and water are reduced.

Question 19

The general name for a nonprotein component required by some enzymes is a:

Accepted Answer

A) metal ion. 
B) cofactor. 
C) substrate. 
D) prosthetic group. 
E) coenzyme. 
A) metal ion. 
B) cofactor. 
C) substrate. 
D) prosthetic group. 
E) coenzyme.

Question 20

Which of the following statements about metabolic pathways is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A) The enzymes of some pathways are segregated inside specific organelles. 
B) The enzymes of some pathways are embedded in specific membranes. 
C) The enzymes of most pathways allow intermediate products to accumulate. 
D) Exergonic reactions in the pathway will pull forward preceding reactions. 
E) The products from exergonic reactions will push along subsequent reactions. 
A) The enzymes of some pathways are segregated inside specific organelles. 
B) The enzymes of some pathways are embedded in specific membranes. 
C) The enzymes of most pathways allow intermediate products to accumulate. 
D) Exergonic reactions in the pathway will pull forward preceding reactions. 
E) The products from exergonic reactions will push along subsequent reactions.

Exam 5: The Flow of Energy

A coupled reaction is one in which an endergonic reaction is driven by an exergonic reaction.

The vitamin niacin is part of the ______ molecule.

A coenzyme is type of protein.

An enzyme:

In an ATP molecule, phosphoanhydride bonds link:

The overall charge in energy that determines the course of a chemical reaction is the free-energy charge, ΔG.

Enzymes function by raising the activation energy of specific reactions.

The second law of thermodynamics states that all naturally occurring processes:

Most enzymes that catalyze phosphorylation reactions require ______ as a cofactor.

A metal ion can be a cofactor.

In an allosteric enzyme, the substrate binds to the effector site.

An exergonic reaction:

Plants, like humans, are unable to synthesize all of their required vitamins.

An endergonic reaction is one that releases energy.

ΔH refers to the:

A substrate binds to its enzyme at a location called the ______ site.

The first law of thermodynamics states that:

Glucose + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water

The general name for a nonprotein component required by some enzymes is a:

Which of the following statements about metabolic pathways is FALSE?

Botany: an Introduction

The Molecular Composition of Plant Cells

The Plant Cell and the Cell Cycle

The Movement of Substances Into and Out of Cells

Respiration

Photosynthesis, Light, and Life

Sexual Reproduction and Heredity

The Chemistry of Heredity and Gene Expression

Recombinant Dna Technology, Plant Biotechnology, and Genomics

The Process of Evolution

Systematics: the Science of Biological Diversity

Prokaryotes and Viruses

Fungi

Protists: Algae and Heterotrophic Protists

Bryophytes

Seedless Vascular Plants

Gymnosperms

Introduction to the Angiosperms

Evolution of the Angiosperms

Plants and People

Early Development of the Plant Body

Cells and Tissues of the Plant Body

The Root: Structure and Development

The Shoot: Primary Structure and Development

Secondary Growth in Stems

Regulating Growth and Development: the Plant Hormones

External Factors and Plant Growth

Plant Nutrition and Soils

The Movement of Water and Solutes in Plants

The Dynamics of Communities and Ecosystems

Global Ecology

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