Question 1

Chlorosis refers to the:

Accepted Answer

A) localized death of tissues. 
B) yellowing of leaves. 
C) stunted growth of stems and leaves. 
D) development of tumors. 
E) healing of wounds. 
A) localized death of tissues. 
B) yellowing of leaves. 
C) stunted growth of stems and leaves. 
D) development of tumors. 
E) healing of wounds. B

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT a phloem-mobile element?

Accepted Answer

A) nitrogen 
B) magnesium 
C) phosphorus 
D) potassium 
E) iron 
A) nitrogen 
B) magnesium 
C) phosphorus 
D) potassium 
E) iron E

Question 3

Which of the following groups contains species that are nonsymbiotic, photosynthetic, nitrogen-fixing bacteria?

Accepted Answer

A) genus Azotobacter 
B) genus Azotococcus 
C) genus Beijerinckia 
D) genus Clostridium 
E) cyanobacteria 
A) genus Azotobacter 
B) genus Azotococcus 
C) genus Beijerinckia 
D) genus Clostridium 
E) cyanobacteria E

Question 4

Which of the following statements about hyperaccumulators is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A) They are plants that are harmed by high concentrations of potentially toxic materials. 
B) They may concentrate trace elements, radionucleides, and/or heavy metals. 
C) They are being used in phytoremediation. 
D) They may concentrate toxins to produce toxic foliage. 
E) They include alpine penny cress and Arabidopsis halleri. 
A) They are plants that are harmed by high concentrations of potentially toxic materials. 
B) They may concentrate trace elements, radionucleides, and/or heavy metals. 
C) They are being used in phytoremediation. 
D) They may concentrate toxins to produce toxic foliage. 
E) They include alpine penny cress and Arabidopsis halleri.

Question 5

Exudative bursts are characteristic of cluster roots.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Some nitrogen-fixing symbioses involve plants other than legumes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

In the process of nitrogen fixation, ______ is converted to ______.

Accepted Answer

A) NH4+; NO3− 
B) NO3−; NO2− 
C) N2; NO2− 
D) N2; NO3− 
E) N2; NH4+ 
A) NH4+; NO3− 
B) NO3−; NO2− 
C) N2; NO2− 
D) N2; NO3− 
E) N2; NH4+

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT a strategy utilized by plants for the uptake of phosphate from the soil?

Accepted Answer

A) rapid root growth 
B) rapid lateral root growth 
C) proliferation of root hairs 
D) inhibition of extraradical hyphae 
E) symbioses with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi 
A) rapid root growth 
B) rapid lateral root growth 
C) proliferation of root hairs 
D) inhibition of extraradical hyphae 
E) symbioses with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi

Question 9

The destruction of marshes and wetlands most notably affects the ______ stage of the nitrogen cycle.

Accepted Answer

A) ammonification 
B) denitrification 
C) nitrogen fixation 
D) nitrification 
E) assimilation 
A) ammonification 
B) denitrification 
C) nitrogen fixation 
D) nitrification 
E) assimilation

Question 10

In the process of ammonification, ammonium ions are used to form amino acids.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

In magnesium-deficient plants, older leaves become more severely chlorotic than younger leaves because:

Accepted Answer

A) magnesium is less phloem-mobile than chlorophyll. 
B) magnesium is more phloem-mobile than chlorophyll. 
C) younger leaves withdraw magnesium from older leaves. 
D) older leaves withdraw magnesium from younger leaves. 
E) magnesium is more mobile in younger leaves than in older leaves. 
A) magnesium is less phloem-mobile than chlorophyll. 
B) magnesium is more phloem-mobile than chlorophyll. 
C) younger leaves withdraw magnesium from older leaves. 
D) older leaves withdraw magnesium from younger leaves. 
E) magnesium is more mobile in younger leaves than in older leaves.

Question 12

An example of cation exchange is ______ replacing ______ on a clay particle.

Accepted Answer

A) H+; K+ 
B) H+; NO3− 
C) NO3−; SO42− 
D) OH−; SO42− 
E) HCO3−; Mg2+ 
A) H+; K+ 
B) H+; NO3− 
C) NO3−; SO42− 
D) OH−; SO42− 
E) HCO3−; Mg2+

Question 13

The most common nitrogen-fixing bacteria are Rhizobium and Bradyrhizobium.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

In soils where nitrogen is limiting, _____ is a major and direct source of nitrogen.

Accepted Answer

A) nitrate 
B) ammonia 
C) organic nitrogen 
D) nitrite 
E) N2 
A) nitrate 
B) ammonia 
C) organic nitrogen 
D) nitrite 
E) N2

Question 15

______ is one of the ways in which phosphorus is lost from terrestrial ecosystems.

Accepted Answer

A) Leaching 
B) Evaporation 
C) Burning 
D) Recycling 
E) The action of microorganisms 
A) Leaching 
B) Evaporation 
C) Burning 
D) Recycling 
E) The action of microorganisms

Question 16

Which of the following statements concerning cluster roots is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A) They are portions of lateral roots. 
B) They are bottlebrush-like. 
C) They release phosphatases and protons. 
D) They release large amounts of malate and citrate. 
E) They are long-lasting. 
A) They are portions of lateral roots. 
B) They are bottlebrush-like. 
C) They release phosphatases and protons. 
D) They release large amounts of malate and citrate. 
E) They are long-lasting.

Question 17

In most soils, most of the phosphorus is present in forms that are not available to the plant.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

The C horizon of soil is also called the subsoil.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Plants using Strategy II will utilize which of the following for iron mobilization and uptake?

Accepted Answer

A) a Fe2+ transporter 
B) pores in the plasma membrane 
C) the reduction of Fe3+ to Fe2+ 
D) proton pumps that acidify the rhizosphere 
E) Fe3+-phytosiderophores 
A) a Fe2+ transporter 
B) pores in the plasma membrane 
C) the reduction of Fe3+ to Fe2+ 
D) proton pumps that acidify the rhizosphere 
E) Fe3+-phytosiderophores

Question 20

Nitrosomonas is the bacterium that is primarily responsible for oxidizing ammonia to nitrite.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 29: Plant Nutrition and Soils

Chlorosis refers to the:

Which of the following is NOT a phloem-mobile element?

Which of the following groups contains species that are nonsymbiotic, photosynthetic, nitrogen-fixing bacteria?

Which of the following statements about hyperaccumulators is FALSE?

Exudative bursts are characteristic of cluster roots.

Some nitrogen-fixing symbioses involve plants other than legumes.

In the process of nitrogen fixation, ______ is converted to ______.

Which of the following is NOT a strategy utilized by plants for the uptake of phosphate from the soil?

The destruction of marshes and wetlands most notably affects the ______ stage of the nitrogen cycle.

In the process of ammonification, ammonium ions are used to form amino acids.

In magnesium-deficient plants, older leaves become more severely chlorotic than younger leaves because:

An example of cation exchange is ______ replacing ______ on a clay particle.

The most common nitrogen-fixing bacteria are Rhizobium and Bradyrhizobium.

In soils where nitrogen is limiting, _____ is a major and direct source of nitrogen.

______ is one of the ways in which phosphorus is lost from terrestrial ecosystems.

Which of the following statements concerning cluster roots is FALSE?

In most soils, most of the phosphorus is present in forms that are not available to the plant.

The C horizon of soil is also called the subsoil.

Plants using Strategy II will utilize which of the following for iron mobilization and uptake?

Nitrosomonas is the bacterium that is primarily responsible for oxidizing ammonia to nitrite.

Botany: an Introduction

The Molecular Composition of Plant Cells

The Plant Cell and the Cell Cycle

The Movement of Substances Into and Out of Cells

The Flow of Energy

Respiration

Photosynthesis, Light, and Life

Sexual Reproduction and Heredity

The Chemistry of Heredity and Gene Expression

Recombinant Dna Technology, Plant Biotechnology, and Genomics

The Process of Evolution

Systematics: the Science of Biological Diversity

Prokaryotes and Viruses

Fungi

Protists: Algae and Heterotrophic Protists

Bryophytes

Seedless Vascular Plants

Gymnosperms

Introduction to the Angiosperms

Evolution of the Angiosperms

Plants and People

Early Development of the Plant Body

Cells and Tissues of the Plant Body

The Root: Structure and Development

The Shoot: Primary Structure and Development

Secondary Growth in Stems

Regulating Growth and Development: the Plant Hormones

External Factors and Plant Growth

The Movement of Water and Solutes in Plants

The Dynamics of Communities and Ecosystems

Global Ecology

Filters

In the process of nitrogen fixation, is converted to .

An example of cation exchange is replacing on a clay particle.