Question 1

If a bag of fertilizer is labeled 5-10-6, then you know that the fertilizer contains:

Accepted Answer

A) 5% potassium. 
B) 10% nitrogen. 
C) 6% phosphorus. 
D) 5% nitrogen. 
E) 10% potassium. 
A) 5% potassium. 
B) 10% nitrogen. 
C) 6% phosphorus. 
D) 5% nitrogen. 
E) 10% potassium.

Question 2

______ is the most common metal in soils and causes problems where the soil is acidic.

Accepted Answer

A) Lead 
B) Cadmium 
C) Zinc 
D) Cobalt 
E) Aluminum 
A) Lead 
B) Cadmium 
C) Zinc 
D) Cobalt 
E) Aluminum

Question 3

The direct role of flavonoids in nodule formation is to:

Accepted Answer

A) stimulate formation of infection threads. 
B) stimulate cell wall degradation. 
C) stimulate root-hair curling. 
D) attract rhizobia. 
E) activate the plant Nod genes. 
A) stimulate formation of infection threads. 
B) stimulate cell wall degradation. 
C) stimulate root-hair curling. 
D) attract rhizobia. 
E) activate the plant Nod genes.

Question 4

Lime is added to soils in order to:

Accepted Answer

A) provide nutrients. 
B) raise the pH. 
C) remove excess salts. 
D) provide ions for cation exchange. 
E) kill insect pests. 
A) provide nutrients. 
B) raise the pH. 
C) remove excess salts. 
D) provide ions for cation exchange. 
E) kill insect pests.

Question 5

Leghemoglobin acts as an oxygen carrier.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Nitrite is oxidized to nitrate by:

Accepted Answer

A) Nitrosomonas. 
B) Nitrobacter. 
C) ammonifying bacteria and fungi. 
D) denitrifying bacteria. 
E) plant roots. 
A) Nitrosomonas. 
B) Nitrobacter. 
C) ammonifying bacteria and fungi. 
D) denitrifying bacteria. 
E) plant roots.

Question 7

Parasitic angiosperms such as mistletoe directly break down proteins in organic matter found in the soil.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Field capacity is the:

Accepted Answer

A) total amount of water present in a one-hectare field after a soaking rain. 
B) percentage of water that a soil can hold against the action of gravity. 
C) percentage of water remaining in a soil when plants undergo irreversible wilting. 
D) total amount of fertilizer required for maximal plant growth in a one-hectare field. 
E) total amount of mineral nutrients present in a one-hectare field after a soaking rain. 
A) total amount of water present in a one-hectare field after a soaking rain. 
B) percentage of water that a soil can hold against the action of gravity. 
C) percentage of water remaining in a soil when plants undergo irreversible wilting. 
D) total amount of fertilizer required for maximal plant growth in a one-hectare field. 
E) total amount of mineral nutrients present in a one-hectare field after a soaking rain.

Question 9

Clay particles have an excess of surface negative charges, and humus has an excess of positive charges.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Which of the following statements about nutrient cycles is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A) They are also called biogeochemical cycles. 
B) All nutrients recycled to the soil are available for plant use. 
C) Some cycles involve the atmosphere. 
D) Each element has a different cycle. 
E) Macronutrients and micronutrients are recycled. 
A) They are also called biogeochemical cycles. 
B) All nutrients recycled to the soil are available for plant use. 
C) Some cycles involve the atmosphere. 
D) Each element has a different cycle. 
E) Macronutrients and micronutrients are recycled.

Question 11

A single root hair may contain several infection threads.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

In desert ecosystems, nitrogen loss from the soil by leaching is negligible.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Plants can synthesize all their required amino acids and vitamins.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

In most herbaceous plants grown in nitrate-rich soil, the glutamine synthetase-glutamate synthase pathway occurs in:

Accepted Answer

A) leaf vacuoles. 
B) leaf mitochondria. 
C) leaf chloroplasts. 
D) root mitochondria. 
E) root plastids. 
A) leaf vacuoles. 
B) leaf mitochondria. 
C) leaf chloroplasts. 
D) root mitochondria. 
E) root plastids.

Question 15

Which of the following statements concerning iron is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A) Iron in the soil is usually insoluble and thus unavailable to plants. 
B) Iron ranks fourth in abundance among all elements on the surface of the Earth. 
C) All plants use Strategy I for iron mobilization and uptake. 
D) Phytosiderophores are iron-chelating compounds. 
E) Iron in the soil is normally present in the oxidized (Fe3+) form. 
A) Iron in the soil is usually insoluble and thus unavailable to plants. 
B) Iron ranks fourth in abundance among all elements on the surface of the Earth. 
C) All plants use Strategy I for iron mobilization and uptake. 
D) Phytosiderophores are iron-chelating compounds. 
E) Iron in the soil is normally present in the oxidized (Fe3+) form.

Question 16

Extraradical hyphae extend beyond the phosphorus-depletion zone of the root.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Bacteria that induce nodule formation in clover will also induce nodule formation in soybeans.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

The ______ symbiosis is an example of a nitrogen-fixing symbiosis that continues throughout the life cycle of the host.

Accepted Answer

A) legume-Rhizobium 
B) legume-Bradyrhizobium 
C) Azolla-Anabaena 
D) Alnus-actinomycete 
E) Ceanothus-actinomycete 
A) legume-Rhizobium 
B) legume-Bradyrhizobium 
C) Azolla-Anabaena 
D) Alnus-actinomycete 
E) Ceanothus-actinomycete

Question 19

Wilted plants in a soil at its permanent wilting percentage will not recover even when placed in a humid chamber.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Deficiency symptoms of phloem-immobile elements such as potassium and nitrogen appear first in older leaves.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 29: Plant Nutrition and Soils

If a bag of fertilizer is labeled 5-10-6, then you know that the fertilizer contains:

______ is the most common metal in soils and causes problems where the soil is acidic.

The direct role of flavonoids in nodule formation is to:

Lime is added to soils in order to:

Leghemoglobin acts as an oxygen carrier.

Nitrite is oxidized to nitrate by:

Parasitic angiosperms such as mistletoe directly break down proteins in organic matter found in the soil.

Field capacity is the:

Clay particles have an excess of surface negative charges, and humus has an excess of positive charges.

Which of the following statements about nutrient cycles is FALSE?

A single root hair may contain several infection threads.

In desert ecosystems, nitrogen loss from the soil by leaching is negligible.

Plants can synthesize all their required amino acids and vitamins.

In most herbaceous plants grown in nitrate-rich soil, the glutamine synthetase-glutamate synthase pathway occurs in:

Which of the following statements concerning iron is FALSE?

Extraradical hyphae extend beyond the phosphorus-depletion zone of the root.

Bacteria that induce nodule formation in clover will also induce nodule formation in soybeans.

The ______ symbiosis is an example of a nitrogen-fixing symbiosis that continues throughout the life cycle of the host.

Wilted plants in a soil at its permanent wilting percentage will not recover even when placed in a humid chamber.

Deficiency symptoms of phloem-immobile elements such as potassium and nitrogen appear first in older leaves.

Botany: an Introduction

The Molecular Composition of Plant Cells

The Plant Cell and the Cell Cycle

The Movement of Substances Into and Out of Cells

The Flow of Energy

Respiration

Photosynthesis, Light, and Life

Sexual Reproduction and Heredity

The Chemistry of Heredity and Gene Expression

Recombinant Dna Technology, Plant Biotechnology, and Genomics

The Process of Evolution

Systematics: the Science of Biological Diversity

Prokaryotes and Viruses

Fungi

Protists: Algae and Heterotrophic Protists

Bryophytes

Seedless Vascular Plants

Gymnosperms

Introduction to the Angiosperms

Evolution of the Angiosperms

Plants and People

Early Development of the Plant Body

Cells and Tissues of the Plant Body

The Root: Structure and Development

The Shoot: Primary Structure and Development

Secondary Growth in Stems

Regulating Growth and Development: the Plant Hormones

External Factors and Plant Growth

The Movement of Water and Solutes in Plants

The Dynamics of Communities and Ecosystems

Global Ecology

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