Question 1

The skeletal muscles for breathing are located in the walls of the lungs.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Compliance refers specifically to the

Accepted Answer

A)  effort required to stretch the lungs 
B)  elasticity of the lung tissue 
C)  energy requirements for an inspiration 
D)  surface area of the alveoli 
E)  volume of air moved per breathing cycle 
A)  effort required to stretch the lungs 
B)  elasticity of the lung tissue 
C)  energy requirements for an inspiration 
D)  surface area of the alveoli 
E)  volume of air moved per breathing cycle

Question 3

Normal expirations are brought on by

Accepted Answer

A)  contraction of the external intercostals 
B)  contraction of the internal intercostals 
C)  contraction of the diaphragm 
D)  elastic recoil of inspiratory muscles 
E)  elastic recoil of expiratory muscles 
A)  contraction of the external intercostals 
B)  contraction of the internal intercostals 
C)  contraction of the diaphragm 
D)  elastic recoil of inspiratory muscles 
E)  elastic recoil of expiratory muscles

Question 4

The respiratory system is the only system involved with the exchange of gas between the cells of an organism and the external environment.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Which skeletal muscle is innervated by the phrenic nerve?

Accepted Answer

A)  rectus abdominus 
B)  diaphragm 
C)  external intercostal 
D)  internal intercostal 
E)  sternocleodomastoid 
A)  rectus abdominus 
B)  diaphragm 
C)  external intercostal 
D)  internal intercostal 
E)  sternocleodomastoid

Question 6

Increased acidity at the tissue cells stimulates increased dissociation of oxyhemoglobin.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Carbonic anhydrase

Accepted Answer

A)  is found in the red blood cells 
B)  catalyzes the formation of carbonic acid from carbonic dioxide and water 
C)  catalyzes the formation of oxyhemoglobin from oxygen and reduced hemoglobin 
D)  is found in the red blood cells and catalyzes the formation of carbonic acid from carbonic dioxide and water 
E)  catalyzes the formation of carbonic acid from carbonic dioxide and water, and catalyzes the formation of oxyhemoglobin from oxygen and reduced hemoglobin 
A)  is found in the red blood cells 
B)  catalyzes the formation of carbonic acid from carbonic dioxide and water 
C)  catalyzes the formation of oxyhemoglobin from oxygen and reduced hemoglobin 
D)  is found in the red blood cells and catalyzes the formation of carbonic acid from carbonic dioxide and water 
E)  catalyzes the formation of carbonic acid from carbonic dioxide and water, and catalyzes the formation of oxyhemoglobin from oxygen and reduced hemoglobin

Question 8

Which of the following makes breathing more difficult?

Accepted Answer

A)  increased pulmonary compliance 
B)  increased airway resistance 
C)  decreased elastic recoil 
D)  increased pulmonary compliance and increased airway resistance 
E)  increased airway resistance and decreased elastic recoil 
A)  increased pulmonary compliance 
B)  increased airway resistance 
C)  decreased elastic recoil 
D)  increased pulmonary compliance and increased airway resistance 
E)  increased airway resistance and decreased elastic recoil

Question 9

Expiration is always a passive process.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Which of the following statements concerning pulmonary surfactant is incorrect?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is secreted by Type II alveolar cells. 
B)  It is deficient in newborn respiratory distress syndrome. 
C)  It promotes elastic recoil of the lungs. 
D)  It reduces the cohesive force between water molecules. 
E)  It reduces surface tension. 
A)  It is secreted by Type II alveolar cells. 
B)  It is deficient in newborn respiratory distress syndrome. 
C)  It promotes elastic recoil of the lungs. 
D)  It reduces the cohesive force between water molecules. 
E)  It reduces surface tension.

Question 11

Without pulmonary surfactant

Accepted Answer

A)  Small alveoli would tend to collapse. 
B)  Larger alveoli would tend to empty into smaller alveoli. 
C)  All alveoli would be easier to inflate. 
D)  The surface tension in the alveoli would be reduced. 
E)  Inspirations would be easier. 
A)  Small alveoli would tend to collapse. 
B)  Larger alveoli would tend to empty into smaller alveoli. 
C)  All alveoli would be easier to inflate. 
D)  The surface tension in the alveoli would be reduced. 
E)  Inspirations would be easier.

Question 12

The residual volume

Accepted Answer

A)  helps prevent lung collapse 
B)  is the normal volume of air inhaled 
C)  is the normal volume of air exhaled 
D)  is the maximum volume of air that can be inspired 
E)  is the minimum volume of air that can be inspired 
A)  helps prevent lung collapse 
B)  is the normal volume of air inhaled 
C)  is the normal volume of air exhaled 
D)  is the maximum volume of air that can be inspired 
E)  is the minimum volume of air that can be inspired

Question 13

Which of the following structures serves as a common passageway for both the respiratory and digestive systems?

Accepted Answer

A)  nose 
B)  pharynx 
C)  trachea 
D)  bronchi 
E)  esophagus 
A)  nose 
B)  pharynx 
C)  trachea 
D)  bronchi 
E)  esophagus

Question 14

What is the primary form in which CO2 is transported in the blood?

Accepted Answer

A)  physically dissolved 
B)  bound to hemoglobin 
C)  bound to plasma protein 
D)  as bicarbonate 
E)  as carbonic anhydrase 
A)  physically dissolved 
B)  bound to hemoglobin 
C)  bound to plasma protein 
D)  as bicarbonate 
E)  as carbonic anhydrase

Question 15

The intrapleural cavity is located inside the lungs.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Which factor would reduce the amount of oxygen transfer across the respiratory membrane?

Accepted Answer

A)  a higher partial pressure of oxygen in the atmosphere 
B)  an abnormally high partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere 
C)  a reduced partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere 
D)  a low pulmonary capillary, partial pressure of oxygen 
E)  none of these 
A)  a higher partial pressure of oxygen in the atmosphere 
B)  an abnormally high partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere 
C)  a reduced partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere 
D)  a low pulmonary capillary, partial pressure of oxygen 
E)  none of these

Question 17

Which type of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is characterized by a breakdown of alveolar walls and collapse of the smaller airways?

Accepted Answer

A)  asthma 
B)  chronic bronchitis 
C)  emphysema 
D)  Both chronic bronchitis and emphysema 
E)  all of these 
A)  asthma 
B)  chronic bronchitis 
C)  emphysema 
D)  Both chronic bronchitis and emphysema 
E)  all of these

Question 18

In the absence of pulmonary surfactant, smaller alveoli display a larger inward-directed pressure than do larger alveoli.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Complete each of the following statments.
The alveolar wall is ____________________ (how many?) cell layer(s) thick, and the wall of the pulmonary capillaries surrounding an alveolus is ____________________ (how many?) cell layer(s) thick.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Complete each of the following statments.
The alveolar...

Question 20

At the end of inspiration and at the end of expiration, intrapleural pressure is always equal to atmospheric pressure.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 13: A--The Respiratory System

The skeletal muscles for breathing are located in the walls of the lungs.

Compliance refers specifically to the

Normal expirations are brought on by

The respiratory system is the only system involved with the exchange of gas between the cells of an organism and the external environment.

Which skeletal muscle is innervated by the phrenic nerve?

Increased acidity at the tissue cells stimulates increased dissociation of oxyhemoglobin.

Carbonic anhydrase

Which of the following makes breathing more difficult?

Expiration is always a passive process.

Which of the following statements concerning pulmonary surfactant is incorrect?

Without pulmonary surfactant

The residual volume

Which of the following structures serves as a common passageway for both the respiratory and digestive systems?

What is the primary form in which CO2 is transported in the blood?

The intrapleural cavity is located inside the lungs.

Which factor would reduce the amount of oxygen transfer across the respiratory membrane?

Which type of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is characterized by a breakdown of alveolar walls and collapse of the smaller airways?

In the absence of pulmonary surfactant, smaller alveoli display a larger inward-directed pressure than do larger alveoli.

Complete each of the following statments. The alveolar wall is ____________________ (how many?) cell layer(s) thick, and the wall of the pulmonary capillaries surrounding an alveolus is ____________________ (how many?) cell layer(s) thick.

At the end of inspiration and at the end of expiration, intrapleural pressure is always equal to atmospheric pressure.

Introduction to Physiology and Homeostasis

Cell Physiology

The Plasma Membrane and Membrane Potential

Principles of Neural and Hormonal Communication

A--The Central Nervous System

B--The Central Nervous System

A--The Peripheral Nervous System: Afferent Division; Special Senses

B--The Peripheral Nervous System: Afferent Division; Special Senses

The Peripheral Nervous System: Efferent Division

A--Muscle Physiology

B--Muscle Physiology

A--Cardiac Physiology

B--Cardiac Physiology

The Blood Vessels and Blood Pressure

The Blood

Body Defenses

B--The Respiratory System

A--The Urinary System

B--The Urinary System

A--Fluid and Acid-Base Balance

B--Fluid and Acid-Base Balance

A--The Digestive System

B--The Digestive System

Energy Balance and Temperature Regulation

A--Principles of Endocrinology: the Central Endocrine Glands

B--Principles of Endocrinology: the Central Endocrine Glands

A--The Peripheral Endocrine Glands

B--The Peripheral Endocrine Glands

A--The Reproductive System

B--The Reproductive System

Filters

What is the primary form in which CO₂ is transported in the blood?

Complete each of the following statments. The alveolar wall is (how many?) cell layer(s) thick, and the wall of the pulmonary capillaries surrounding an alveolus is (how many?) cell layer(s) thick.