Question 1

If there is a deficient supply of pulmonary surfactant, the lungs become more compliant.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Ventilation is increased the most by a small

Accepted Answer

A)  increase in arterial $\mathrm { P } _ { \mathrm { Co } _ { 2 } }$ 
B)  decrease in arterial $\mathrm { P } _ { \mathrm { Co } _ { 2 } }$ 
C)  increase in arterial $\mathrm { P } _ { 0 _ { 2 } }$ 
D)  decrease in arterial $\mathrm { P } _ { 0 _ { 2 } }$ 
E)  none of these 
A)  increase in arterial $\mathrm { P } _ { \mathrm { Co } _ { 2 } }$ 
B)  decrease in arterial $\mathrm { P } _ { \mathrm { Co } _ { 2 } }$ 
C)  increase in arterial $\mathrm { P } _ { 0 _ { 2 } }$ 
D)  decrease in arterial $\mathrm { P } _ { 0 _ { 2 } }$ 
E)  none of these

Question 3

Intrapleural pressure is usually less than atmospheric pressure.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

At the systemic capillaries, the $\mathrm { P } _ { 0 _ { 2 } }$ is in the range of the steep portion of the O2-Hb curve.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Pulmonary surfactant

Accepted Answer

A)  is secreted by Type II alveolar cells 
B)  decreases surface tension of the fluid lining the alveoli 
C)  resists elastic recoil of the lungs 
D)  is a combination of lipids and proteins 
E)  all of these 
A)  is secreted by Type II alveolar cells 
B)  decreases surface tension of the fluid lining the alveoli 
C)  resists elastic recoil of the lungs 
D)  is a combination of lipids and proteins 
E)  all of these

Question 6

Emphysema can be brought on by recurrent episodes of asthma and/or chronic bronchitis.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Identify the correct statement(s).

Accepted Answer

A)  The DRG consists of both inspiratory neurons and expiratory neurons. 
B)  The neurons of the DRG remain inactive during normal quiet breathing. 
C)  The DRG is called into play by the VRG as when demands for ventilation are increased. 
D)  All of these. 
E)  None of these. 
A)  The DRG consists of both inspiratory neurons and expiratory neurons. 
B)  The neurons of the DRG remain inactive during normal quiet breathing. 
C)  The DRG is called into play by the VRG as when demands for ventilation are increased. 
D)  All of these. 
E)  None of these.

Question 8

Complete each of the following statments.
The most profound changes in thoracic volume can be accomplished by contraction of the ____________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Complete each of the following statments.
The most...

Question 9

Which of the following is the last step that produces an inspiration?

Accepted Answer

A)  The atmospheric pressure becomes lower than the intrapleural pressure. 
B)  The diaphragm contracts. 
C)  The intercostal muscles contract. 
D)  The intra-alveolar pressure becomes lower than the atmospheric pressure. 
E)  The intrapleural pressure becomes positive. 
A)  The atmospheric pressure becomes lower than the intrapleural pressure. 
B)  The diaphragm contracts. 
C)  The intercostal muscles contract. 
D)  The intra-alveolar pressure becomes lower than the atmospheric pressure. 
E)  The intrapleural pressure becomes positive.

Question 10

Hypercapnia

Accepted Answer

A)  refers to excess CO2 in the arterial blood 
B)  occurs when CO2 is blown off to the atmosphere at a rate faster than it is being produced by the tissues 
C)  may be caused by hypoventilation 
D)  all of these 
E)  refers to excess CO2 in the arterial blood and may be caused by hypoventilation 
A)  refers to excess CO2 in the arterial blood 
B)  occurs when CO2 is blown off to the atmosphere at a rate faster than it is being produced by the tissues 
C)  may be caused by hypoventilation 
D)  all of these 
E)  refers to excess CO2 in the arterial blood and may be caused by hypoventilation

Question 11

Which of the following promotes elastic recoil of the lungs?

Accepted Answer

A)  elastic fibers in the lung 
B)  surface tension of the fluid lining the alveoli 
C)  pulmonary surfactant 
D)  elastic fibers in the lung and surface tension of the fluid lining the alveoli 
E)  all of these 
A)  elastic fibers in the lung 
B)  surface tension of the fluid lining the alveoli 
C)  pulmonary surfactant 
D)  elastic fibers in the lung and surface tension of the fluid lining the alveoli 
E)  all of these

Question 12

The partial pressure of nitrogen in the atmosphere is greater than the partial pressure of oxygen in the atmosphere.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Complete each of the following statments.
If the vital capacity of a person is 4800 ml, while the TV 500 ml and the ERV 900 ml, the IRV is ____________________ ml.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Complete each of the following statments.
If the...

Question 14

In addition to gas exchange, the respiratory system plays a key role in

Accepted Answer

A)  enhancing venous return 
B)  water and temperature balance 
C)  body defense 
D)  enhancing venous return and body defense 
E)  all of these 
A)  enhancing venous return 
B)  water and temperature balance 
C)  body defense 
D)  enhancing venous return and body defense 
E)  all of these

Question 15

Carbon dioxide is transported in the blood in all the following ways except

Accepted Answer

A)  bicarbonate ion 
B)  carbonic acid 
C)  directly dissolved 
D)  bound to heme 
E)  bound to globin 
A)  bicarbonate ion 
B)  carbonic acid 
C)  directly dissolved 
D)  bound to heme 
E)  bound to globin

Question 16

Complete each of the following statments.
The VRG consists of ____________________ and ____________________ neurons.

Accepted Answer

inspirator

Question 17

The lungs are held against the thoracic wall due to

Accepted Answer

A)  the negative intrapleural pressure 
B)  the positive intrapulmonary pressure 
C)  cohesiveness of the pleural fluids 
D)  the negative intrapleural pressure and cohesiveness of the pleural fluids 
E)  all of these 
A)  the negative intrapleural pressure 
B)  the positive intrapulmonary pressure 
C)  cohesiveness of the pleural fluids 
D)  the negative intrapleural pressure and cohesiveness of the pleural fluids 
E)  all of these

Question 18

Which condition exists at high altitudes?

Accepted Answer

A)  histotoxic hypoxia 
B)  hypoxic hypoxia 
C)  anemic hypoxia 
D)  hypocapnia 
E)  none of these 
A)  histotoxic hypoxia 
B)  hypoxic hypoxia 
C)  anemic hypoxia 
D)  hypocapnia 
E)  none of these

Question 19

Slow, deep breathing is more effective for increasing alveolar ventilation than is rapid, shallow breathing.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

The pneumotaxic and apneustic centers are located in the cerebellum.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 13: A--The Respiratory System

If there is a deficient supply of pulmonary surfactant, the lungs become more compliant.

Ventilation is increased the most by a small

Intrapleural pressure is usually less than atmospheric pressure.

At the systemic capillaries, the P02\mathrm { P } _ { 0 _ { 2 } }P02​​ is in the range of the steep portion of the O2-Hb curve.

Pulmonary surfactant

Emphysema can be brought on by recurrent episodes of asthma and/or chronic bronchitis.

Identify the correct statement(s).

Complete each of the following statments. The most profound changes in thoracic volume can be accomplished by contraction of the ____________________.

Which of the following is the last step that produces an inspiration?

Hypercapnia

Which of the following promotes elastic recoil of the lungs?

The partial pressure of nitrogen in the atmosphere is greater than the partial pressure of oxygen in the atmosphere.

Complete each of the following statments. If the vital capacity of a person is 4800 ml, while the TV 500 ml and the ERV 900 ml, the IRV is ____________________ ml.

In addition to gas exchange, the respiratory system plays a key role in

Carbon dioxide is transported in the blood in all the following ways except

Complete each of the following statments. The VRG consists of ____________________ and ____________________ neurons.

The lungs are held against the thoracic wall due to

Which condition exists at high altitudes?

Slow, deep breathing is more effective for increasing alveolar ventilation than is rapid, shallow breathing.

The pneumotaxic and apneustic centers are located in the cerebellum.

Introduction to Physiology and Homeostasis

Cell Physiology

The Plasma Membrane and Membrane Potential

Principles of Neural and Hormonal Communication

A--The Central Nervous System

B--The Central Nervous System

A--The Peripheral Nervous System: Afferent Division; Special Senses

B--The Peripheral Nervous System: Afferent Division; Special Senses

The Peripheral Nervous System: Efferent Division

A--Muscle Physiology

B--Muscle Physiology

A--Cardiac Physiology

B--Cardiac Physiology

The Blood Vessels and Blood Pressure

The Blood

Body Defenses

B--The Respiratory System

A--The Urinary System

B--The Urinary System

A--Fluid and Acid-Base Balance

B--Fluid and Acid-Base Balance

A--The Digestive System

B--The Digestive System

Energy Balance and Temperature Regulation

A--Principles of Endocrinology: the Central Endocrine Glands

B--Principles of Endocrinology: the Central Endocrine Glands

A--The Peripheral Endocrine Glands

B--The Peripheral Endocrine Glands

A--The Reproductive System

B--The Reproductive System

Filters

At the systemic capillaries, the $\mathrm { P } _ { 0 _ { 2 } }$ is in the range of the steep portion of the O₂-Hb curve.

Complete each of the following statments. The VRG consists of and neurons.