Exam 5: Quality and Performance

A drilling and deburring process has tolerances of plus or minus .01 centimeters.What does the process standard deviation need to be in order for this process to have a capability ratio of 1.50?

When a process fails to satisfy a customer:

While acceptance sampling does determine if incoming materials should be accepted or rejected,it does not limit the buyer's risk of accepting bad-quality parts or rejecting good-quality parts.

ISO 14000:2004 is a documentation standard that requires participating companies to keep track of their raw-materials use.

The Six Sigma improvement model can be applied both to projects involving incremental improvements to processes and to projects requiring major changes.

Five samples of size 4 were taken from a process.A range chart was developed that had LCLR = 0 and UCLR = 2.50.Similarly,an average chart was developed with the average range from the five samples,with =15.0 and = 24.0.The ranges for each of the five samples were 1.75,2.42,2.75,2.04,and 2.80,respectively.The values of the sample average for each sample were 19.5,22.3,17.4,20.1,and 18.9,respectively.What can you tell management from this analysis?

A professor,dissatisfied with a product he's purchased,bad mouths the product to his class,resulting in decreased market share (since the students believe everything he tells them).The manufacturer suffers:

A laser surgery process has tolerances of plus or minus .01 inches.What does the process standard deviation need to be in order for this process to have a capability ratio of 1.00?

Hassan was the company plotter.Give him any data set and he could plot a graph that was not only accurate,but also aesthetically pleasing.One afternoon he took some attribute data and plotted it as a p-chart.When Saba,his supervisor,saw the plot he insisted it be discarded and in its place a c-chart should be constructed.Hassan made the c-chart and noticed that when he placed the two charts one on top of the other,the lines created by the data points were exactly the same shape.Has our plotting colleague made a mistake? If not,why should there be these two types of charts when the data generate identical lines?

How does SPC help companies implement continuous improvement programs?

One of the main challenges in developing the proper culture for TQM is to:

The three sigma limits for a process whose distribution conforms to the normal distribution include approximately:

The quality control technician grew weary of measuring pistons that came off the line,so he decided to make a fixture that would tell him whether the piston fell within product specifications.The fixture had two holes,one the exact width of the upper specification (24 cm)and one slightly smaller than the lower specification (21 cm).If the piston fit through the smaller hole,it would be too small and therefore rejected.If the piston didn't fit through the larger hole,it was too large and would be rejected.Just to test his idea,he used the traditional measurement system and his new system on the next eight samples.The data and the two charts he constructed are shown below.Why aren't the plotted points forming similar shapes between the two graphs? Evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of his proposed system.

When errors have been made while producing a product such that the item must be discarded,the resultant cost is called a(n):

The Deming wheel depicts a cycle with the following four steps: ________,________,________,and ________.

The customer's assessment of quality with reference to the price paid for the good or service is known as ________.

Which of these ISO standards has the fewest number of organizations certified as of 2009?

Improving quality seems to be a strategic weapon in gaining market share.However,improving quality entails allocation of resources and effort.As greater effort is expended to stop defects before they occur,which one of the following costs increases?

Jerry watched in awe as Warren went to 2 sigma limits from the company-mandated 3 sigma limits,thereby increasing the likelihood of a type ________ error.

A process with a target of 25 was used to generate the following data points.Is the process properly centered? Determine the process capability given a USL=27 and LSL=18.The standard deviation of the data is 2.712.