Exam 12: Organization Culture and Change

The degree to which a job requires completion of a "whole" and identifiable piece of work, one that involves doing a job from beginning to end with a visible outcome is called __________.

The process of allocating specific work tasks to individuals and groups is called __________.

To have _____________, people must perceive that their performance accomplishments will be followed by desired work outcomes.

According to Herzberg's two-factor theory, salary is a satisfier factor.

According to Vroom's expectancy theory, in order to maximize expectancy, a manager should do all of the following EXCEPT:

According to the _____________ of Alderfer's ERG theory, an already-satisfied lower-level need can become reactivated when a higher-level need cannot be satisfied.

According to the expectancy theory of motivation, the value that an individual assigns to work-related outcomes or possible rewards is called __________.

The higher-order needs in Maslow's hierarchy of needs include self-actualization and __________.

To maximize valence, managers need to understand individual needs and try to tie work outcomes to important sources of need satisfaction.

The process of increasing job content by adding work planning and evaluating duties normally performed by a supervisor is called __________.

The __________ of the Alderfer's ERG theory is essentially the higher-order needs in Maslow's hierarchy.

Which of the following job characteristics is described as the degree to which a job gives individual freedom, independence, and discretion in scheduling work and in choosing procedures for carrying it out?

Research shows that goal-setting has downsides when:

Which of the following terms describes the forces within a person that account for the level, direction, and persistence of effort expended at work?

Thorndike's __________ states that behavior followed by pleasant consequences is likely to be repeated, while behavior followed by unpleasant consequences is not.

__________ accounts for the direction, level, and persistence of effort expended at work.

In order for workers to accept and commit to accomplishing goals, Locke recommends worker __________ in setting the goals.

A __________ is an unfulfilled physiological or psychological desire.

__________ is a person's belief that they are capable of performing a task.

According to Skinner, __________ strengthens a behavior by making a desirable consequence contingent on its occurrence.