Question 1

What effects did the Second Great Awakening have on American society?

Accepted Answer

Answer would ideally include:
- Religiou

Question 2

Answer the following  questions :
-Free African Societies

Accepted Answer

A) Word coined by Alexis de Tocqueville in 1835 to describe Americans as people no longer bound by social attachments to classes,castes,associations,and families. 
B) A series of evangelical Protestant revivals extending from the 1810s to the 1830s which prompted thousands of conversion and widespread optimism about Americans' capacity for progress and reform. 
C) A web of reform organizations,heavily Whig in their political orientation,built by evangelical Protestant men and women influenced by the Second Great Awakening. 
D) A literary explosion during the 1840s inspired in part by Emerson's ideas on the liberation of the individual. 
E) A European philosophy that rejected the ordered rationality of the eighteenth-century Enlightenment,embracing human passion,spiritual quest,and self-knowledge.Romanticism strongly influenced American Transcendentalism.
F)A nineteenth-century American intellectual movement that posited the importance of an ideal world of mystical knowledge and harmony beyond the immediate grasp of the senses.Influenced by Romanticism,writers Ralph Waldo Emerson and Henry David Thoreau called for the critical examination of society and emphasized individuality,self-reliance,and nonconformity.
G)Communities founded by reformers and Transcendentalists to help realize their spiritual and moral potential and to escape from the competition of modern industrial society.
H)A system of social and economic organization proposed by French thinker Charles Fourier,which was based on common ownership of goods and shared labor by members of a community.A number of nineteenth-century American utopian communities tried to put Fourierist principles into practice.
I)Christian movement of the 1830s that believed people could achieve moral perfection in their earthly lives because the Second Coming of Christ had already occurred.
J)Founded by Joseph Smith in 1830.After Smith's death at the hands of an angry mob,Brigham Young led many followers of Mormonism to lands in present-day Utah in 1846.
K)The practice of men taking multiple wives,which Mormon prophet Joseph Smith argued was biblically sanctioned and divinely ordained as a family system.
L)Sensational and popular urban newspapers that built large circulations by reporting crime and scandals.
M)Popular theatrical entertainment begun around 1830,in which white actors in blackface presented comic routines that combined racist caricature and social criticism.
N)Organizations in northern free black communities that sought to help community members and work against racial discrimination,inequality,and political slavery.
O)Church founded in 1816 by African Americans who were discriminated against by white Protestants.The church spread across the Northeast and Midwest and even founded a few congregations in the slave states of Missouri,Kentucky,Louisiana,and South Carolina.
P)The social reform movement to end slavery immediately and without compensation that began in the United States in the 1830s.
Q)The first interracial social justice movement in the United States,which advocated the immediate,unconditional end of slavery on the basis of human rights,without compensation to slave masters.
R)An informal network of whites and free blacks in the South that assisted fugitive slaves to reach freedom in the North.
S)A procedure in the House of Representatives from 1836 to 1844 by which antislavery petitions were automatically tabled when they were received so that they could not become the subject of debate.
T)An antislavery political party that ran its first presidential candidate in 1844,controversially challenging both the Democrats and Whigs.
U)An organization led by middle-class Christian women who viewed prostitutes as victims of male lust and sought to expose their male customers while "rescuing" sex workers and encouraging them to pursue respectable trades.
V)A middle-class ideal of "separate spheres" which celebrated women's special mission as homemakers,wives,and mothers who exercised a Christian influence on their families and communities,but which excluded women from professional careers,politics,and civic life.
W)Laws enacted between 1839 and 1860 in New York and other states that permitted married women to own,inherit,and bequeath property.
X)The first women's rights convention in the United States.Held in New York in 1848,it resulted in a manifesto extending to women the egalitarian republican ideology of the Declaration of Independence. 
A) Word coined by Alexis de Tocqueville in 1835 to describe Americans as people no longer bound by social attachments to classes,castes,associations,and families. 
B) A series of evangelical Protestant revivals extending from the 1810s to the 1830s which prompted thousands of conversion and widespread optimism about Americans' capacity for progress and reform. 
C) A web of reform organizations,heavily Whig in their political orientation,built by evangelical Protestant men and women influenced by the Second Great Awakening. 
D) A literary explosion during the 1840s inspired in part by Emerson's ideas on the liberation of the individual. 
E) A European philosophy that rejected the ordered rationality of the eighteenth-century Enlightenment,embracing human passion,spiritual quest,and self-knowledge.Romanticism strongly influenced American Transcendentalism.
F)A nineteenth-century American intellectual movement that posited the importance of an ideal world of mystical knowledge and harmony beyond the immediate grasp of the senses.Influenced by Romanticism,writers Ralph Waldo Emerson and Henry David Thoreau called for the critical examination of society and emphasized individuality,self-reliance,and nonconformity.
G)Communities founded by reformers and Transcendentalists to help realize their spiritual and moral potential and to escape from the competition of modern industrial society.
H)A system of social and economic organization proposed by French thinker Charles Fourier,which was based on common ownership of goods and shared labor by members of a community.A number of nineteenth-century American utopian communities tried to put Fourierist principles into practice.
I)Christian movement of the 1830s that believed people could achieve moral perfection in their earthly lives because the Second Coming of Christ had already occurred.
J)Founded by Joseph Smith in 1830.After Smith's death at the hands of an angry mob,Brigham Young led many followers of Mormonism to lands in present-day Utah in 1846.
K)The practice of men taking multiple wives,which Mormon prophet Joseph Smith argued was biblically sanctioned and divinely ordained as a family system.
L)Sensational and popular urban newspapers that built large circulations by reporting crime and scandals.
M)Popular theatrical entertainment begun around 1830,in which white actors in blackface presented comic routines that combined racist caricature and social criticism.
N)Organizations in northern free black communities that sought to help community members and work against racial discrimination,inequality,and political slavery.
O)Church founded in 1816 by African Americans who were discriminated against by white Protestants.The church spread across the Northeast and Midwest and even founded a few congregations in the slave states of Missouri,Kentucky,Louisiana,and South Carolina.
P)The social reform movement to end slavery immediately and without compensation that began in the United States in the 1830s.
Q)The first interracial social justice movement in the United States,which advocated the immediate,unconditional end of slavery on the basis of human rights,without compensation to slave masters.
R)An informal network of whites and free blacks in the South that assisted fugitive slaves to reach freedom in the North.
S)A procedure in the House of Representatives from 1836 to 1844 by which antislavery petitions were automatically tabled when they were received so that they could not become the subject of debate.
T)An antislavery political party that ran its first presidential candidate in 1844,controversially challenging both the Democrats and Whigs.
U)An organization led by middle-class Christian women who viewed prostitutes as victims of male lust and sought to expose their male customers while "rescuing" sex workers and encouraging them to pursue respectable trades.
V)A middle-class ideal of "separate spheres" which celebrated women's special mission as homemakers,wives,and mothers who exercised a Christian influence on their families and communities,but which excluded women from professional careers,politics,and civic life.
W)Laws enacted between 1839 and 1860 in New York and other states that permitted married women to own,inherit,and bequeath property.
X)The first women's rights convention in the United States.Held in New York in 1848,it resulted in a manifesto extending to women the egalitarian republican ideology of the Declaration of Independence.

Question 3

Which were the two fastest-growing American church denominations during the early nineteenth century?

Accepted Answer

A)  Baptists and Methodists 
B)  Lutherans and Presbyterians 
C)  Presbyterians and Episcopalians 
D)  Episcopalians and Congregationalists 
A)  Baptists and Methodists 
B)  Lutherans and Presbyterians 
C)  Presbyterians and Episcopalians 
D)  Episcopalians and Congregationalists

Question 4

How did specific utopian communities deal with gender equality? Why were gender relationships so prominent in the agendas of these communities?

Accepted Answer

Answer:
- Gender in the Antebellum Perio

Question 5

Answer the following  questions :
-domesticity

Accepted Answer

A) Word coined by Alexis de Tocqueville in 1835 to describe Americans as people no longer bound by social attachments to classes,castes,associations,and families. 
B) A series of evangelical Protestant revivals extending from the 1810s to the 1830s which prompted thousands of conversion and widespread optimism about Americans' capacity for progress and reform. 
C) A web of reform organizations,heavily Whig in their political orientation,built by evangelical Protestant men and women influenced by the Second Great Awakening. 
D) A literary explosion during the 1840s inspired in part by Emerson's ideas on the liberation of the individual. 
E) A European philosophy that rejected the ordered rationality of the eighteenth-century Enlightenment,embracing human passion,spiritual quest,and self-knowledge.Romanticism strongly influenced American Transcendentalism.
F)A nineteenth-century American intellectual movement that posited the importance of an ideal world of mystical knowledge and harmony beyond the immediate grasp of the senses.Influenced by Romanticism,writers Ralph Waldo Emerson and Henry David Thoreau called for the critical examination of society and emphasized individuality,self-reliance,and nonconformity.
G)Communities founded by reformers and Transcendentalists to help realize their spiritual and moral potential and to escape from the competition of modern industrial society.
H)A system of social and economic organization proposed by French thinker Charles Fourier,which was based on common ownership of goods and shared labor by members of a community.A number of nineteenth-century American utopian communities tried to put Fourierist principles into practice.
I)Christian movement of the 1830s that believed people could achieve moral perfection in their earthly lives because the Second Coming of Christ had already occurred.
J)Founded by Joseph Smith in 1830.After Smith's death at the hands of an angry mob,Brigham Young led many followers of Mormonism to lands in present-day Utah in 1846.
K)The practice of men taking multiple wives,which Mormon prophet Joseph Smith argued was biblically sanctioned and divinely ordained as a family system.
L)Sensational and popular urban newspapers that built large circulations by reporting crime and scandals.
M)Popular theatrical entertainment begun around 1830,in which white actors in blackface presented comic routines that combined racist caricature and social criticism.
N)Organizations in northern free black communities that sought to help community members and work against racial discrimination,inequality,and political slavery.
O)Church founded in 1816 by African Americans who were discriminated against by white Protestants.The church spread across the Northeast and Midwest and even founded a few congregations in the slave states of Missouri,Kentucky,Louisiana,and South Carolina.
P)The social reform movement to end slavery immediately and without compensation that began in the United States in the 1830s.
Q)The first interracial social justice movement in the United States,which advocated the immediate,unconditional end of slavery on the basis of human rights,without compensation to slave masters.
R)An informal network of whites and free blacks in the South that assisted fugitive slaves to reach freedom in the North.
S)A procedure in the House of Representatives from 1836 to 1844 by which antislavery petitions were automatically tabled when they were received so that they could not become the subject of debate.
T)An antislavery political party that ran its first presidential candidate in 1844,controversially challenging both the Democrats and Whigs.
U)An organization led by middle-class Christian women who viewed prostitutes as victims of male lust and sought to expose their male customers while "rescuing" sex workers and encouraging them to pursue respectable trades.
V)A middle-class ideal of "separate spheres" which celebrated women's special mission as homemakers,wives,and mothers who exercised a Christian influence on their families and communities,but which excluded women from professional careers,politics,and civic life.
W)Laws enacted between 1839 and 1860 in New York and other states that permitted married women to own,inherit,and bequeath property.
X)The first women's rights convention in the United States.Held in New York in 1848,it resulted in a manifesto extending to women the egalitarian republican ideology of the Declaration of Independence. 
A) Word coined by Alexis de Tocqueville in 1835 to describe Americans as people no longer bound by social attachments to classes,castes,associations,and families. 
B) A series of evangelical Protestant revivals extending from the 1810s to the 1830s which prompted thousands of conversion and widespread optimism about Americans' capacity for progress and reform. 
C) A web of reform organizations,heavily Whig in their political orientation,built by evangelical Protestant men and women influenced by the Second Great Awakening. 
D) A literary explosion during the 1840s inspired in part by Emerson's ideas on the liberation of the individual. 
E) A European philosophy that rejected the ordered rationality of the eighteenth-century Enlightenment,embracing human passion,spiritual quest,and self-knowledge.Romanticism strongly influenced American Transcendentalism.
F)A nineteenth-century American intellectual movement that posited the importance of an ideal world of mystical knowledge and harmony beyond the immediate grasp of the senses.Influenced by Romanticism,writers Ralph Waldo Emerson and Henry David Thoreau called for the critical examination of society and emphasized individuality,self-reliance,and nonconformity.
G)Communities founded by reformers and Transcendentalists to help realize their spiritual and moral potential and to escape from the competition of modern industrial society.
H)A system of social and economic organization proposed by French thinker Charles Fourier,which was based on common ownership of goods and shared labor by members of a community.A number of nineteenth-century American utopian communities tried to put Fourierist principles into practice.
I)Christian movement of the 1830s that believed people could achieve moral perfection in their earthly lives because the Second Coming of Christ had already occurred.
J)Founded by Joseph Smith in 1830.After Smith's death at the hands of an angry mob,Brigham Young led many followers of Mormonism to lands in present-day Utah in 1846.
K)The practice of men taking multiple wives,which Mormon prophet Joseph Smith argued was biblically sanctioned and divinely ordained as a family system.
L)Sensational and popular urban newspapers that built large circulations by reporting crime and scandals.
M)Popular theatrical entertainment begun around 1830,in which white actors in blackface presented comic routines that combined racist caricature and social criticism.
N)Organizations in northern free black communities that sought to help community members and work against racial discrimination,inequality,and political slavery.
O)Church founded in 1816 by African Americans who were discriminated against by white Protestants.The church spread across the Northeast and Midwest and even founded a few congregations in the slave states of Missouri,Kentucky,Louisiana,and South Carolina.
P)The social reform movement to end slavery immediately and without compensation that began in the United States in the 1830s.
Q)The first interracial social justice movement in the United States,which advocated the immediate,unconditional end of slavery on the basis of human rights,without compensation to slave masters.
R)An informal network of whites and free blacks in the South that assisted fugitive slaves to reach freedom in the North.
S)A procedure in the House of Representatives from 1836 to 1844 by which antislavery petitions were automatically tabled when they were received so that they could not become the subject of debate.
T)An antislavery political party that ran its first presidential candidate in 1844,controversially challenging both the Democrats and Whigs.
U)An organization led by middle-class Christian women who viewed prostitutes as victims of male lust and sought to expose their male customers while "rescuing" sex workers and encouraging them to pursue respectable trades.
V)A middle-class ideal of "separate spheres" which celebrated women's special mission as homemakers,wives,and mothers who exercised a Christian influence on their families and communities,but which excluded women from professional careers,politics,and civic life.
W)Laws enacted between 1839 and 1860 in New York and other states that permitted married women to own,inherit,and bequeath property.
X)The first women's rights convention in the United States.Held in New York in 1848,it resulted in a manifesto extending to women the egalitarian republican ideology of the Declaration of Independence.

Question 6

Compare and contrast the rural communalism and urban popular culture that emerged in the United States between 1820 and 1860.How did each reflect the changes that accompanied the nation's emerging market economy in this period? Which arrangement did more to promote liberty for the Americans who adopted it?

Accepted Answer

Answer would ideally include:
- Summary

Question 7

Which of the following describes the Fourierist movement in America?

Accepted Answer

A)  Fourierists inspired Susan B.Anthony and helped launch the women's rights movement. 
B)  It demonstrated the difficulty of creating enduring utopian communities. 
C)  Mormonism was founded on the principles of Fourierism. 
D)  It created a lasting and uniquely American style of furniture. 
A)  Fourierists inspired Susan B.Anthony and helped launch the women's rights movement. 
B)  It demonstrated the difficulty of creating enduring utopian communities. 
C)  Mormonism was founded on the principles of Fourierism. 
D)  It created a lasting and uniquely American style of furniture.

Question 8

Which of the following factors contributed to the rise of anti-immigrant sentiment in American cities in the mid-nineteenth century?

Accepted Answer

A)  Male promiscuity 
B)  Minstrel shows 
C)  Prostitution 
D)  The Democratic Party 
A)  Male promiscuity 
B)  Minstrel shows 
C)  Prostitution 
D)  The Democratic Party

Question 9

Ralph Waldo Emerson wrote about which of the following in his essays and lectures?

Accepted Answer

A)  He rejected traditional biblical teachings and promoted atheism. 
B)  He argued that people should reject old conventions and discover their original relation with nature. 
C)  He defended traditional Calvinist theology,which had been challenged by the Second Great Awakening. 
D)  He suggested that science and technology would lead humankind into a new era of enlightenment. 
A)  He rejected traditional biblical teachings and promoted atheism. 
B)  He argued that people should reject old conventions and discover their original relation with nature. 
C)  He defended traditional Calvinist theology,which had been challenged by the Second Great Awakening. 
D)  He suggested that science and technology would lead humankind into a new era of enlightenment.

Question 10

What did Alexis de Tocqueville mean when he used the term individualism to describe American society in 1835?

Accepted Answer

A)  Americans lived in social isolation,without any ties to caste,class,association,or family. 
B)  Americans valued and respected differing views on political topics. 
C)  The American people welcomed all types of immigrants,regardless of ethnicity or religion. 
D)  Most Americans were uninfluenced by political parties and did not vote by party lines. 
A)  Americans lived in social isolation,without any ties to caste,class,association,or family. 
B)  Americans valued and respected differing views on political topics. 
C)  The American people welcomed all types of immigrants,regardless of ethnicity or religion. 
D)  Most Americans were uninfluenced by political parties and did not vote by party lines.

Question 11

Answer the following  questions :
-American Renaissance

Accepted Answer

A) Word coined by Alexis de Tocqueville in 1835 to describe Americans as people no longer bound by social attachments to classes,castes,associations,and families. 
B) A series of evangelical Protestant revivals extending from the 1810s to the 1830s which prompted thousands of conversion and widespread optimism about Americans' capacity for progress and reform. 
C) A web of reform organizations,heavily Whig in their political orientation,built by evangelical Protestant men and women influenced by the Second Great Awakening. 
D) A literary explosion during the 1840s inspired in part by Emerson's ideas on the liberation of the individual. 
E) A European philosophy that rejected the ordered rationality of the eighteenth-century Enlightenment,embracing human passion,spiritual quest,and self-knowledge.Romanticism strongly influenced American Transcendentalism.
F)A nineteenth-century American intellectual movement that posited the importance of an ideal world of mystical knowledge and harmony beyond the immediate grasp of the senses.Influenced by Romanticism,writers Ralph Waldo Emerson and Henry David Thoreau called for the critical examination of society and emphasized individuality,self-reliance,and nonconformity.
G)Communities founded by reformers and Transcendentalists to help realize their spiritual and moral potential and to escape from the competition of modern industrial society.
H)A system of social and economic organization proposed by French thinker Charles Fourier,which was based on common ownership of goods and shared labor by members of a community.A number of nineteenth-century American utopian communities tried to put Fourierist principles into practice.
I)Christian movement of the 1830s that believed people could achieve moral perfection in their earthly lives because the Second Coming of Christ had already occurred.
J)Founded by Joseph Smith in 1830.After Smith's death at the hands of an angry mob,Brigham Young led many followers of Mormonism to lands in present-day Utah in 1846.
K)The practice of men taking multiple wives,which Mormon prophet Joseph Smith argued was biblically sanctioned and divinely ordained as a family system.
L)Sensational and popular urban newspapers that built large circulations by reporting crime and scandals.
M)Popular theatrical entertainment begun around 1830,in which white actors in blackface presented comic routines that combined racist caricature and social criticism.
N)Organizations in northern free black communities that sought to help community members and work against racial discrimination,inequality,and political slavery.
O)Church founded in 1816 by African Americans who were discriminated against by white Protestants.The church spread across the Northeast and Midwest and even founded a few congregations in the slave states of Missouri,Kentucky,Louisiana,and South Carolina.
P)The social reform movement to end slavery immediately and without compensation that began in the United States in the 1830s.
Q)The first interracial social justice movement in the United States,which advocated the immediate,unconditional end of slavery on the basis of human rights,without compensation to slave masters.
R)An informal network of whites and free blacks in the South that assisted fugitive slaves to reach freedom in the North.
S)A procedure in the House of Representatives from 1836 to 1844 by which antislavery petitions were automatically tabled when they were received so that they could not become the subject of debate.
T)An antislavery political party that ran its first presidential candidate in 1844,controversially challenging both the Democrats and Whigs.
U)An organization led by middle-class Christian women who viewed prostitutes as victims of male lust and sought to expose their male customers while "rescuing" sex workers and encouraging them to pursue respectable trades.
V)A middle-class ideal of "separate spheres" which celebrated women's special mission as homemakers,wives,and mothers who exercised a Christian influence on their families and communities,but which excluded women from professional careers,politics,and civic life.
W)Laws enacted between 1839 and 1860 in New York and other states that permitted married women to own,inherit,and bequeath property.
X)The first women's rights convention in the United States.Held in New York in 1848,it resulted in a manifesto extending to women the egalitarian republican ideology of the Declaration of Independence. 
A) Word coined by Alexis de Tocqueville in 1835 to describe Americans as people no longer bound by social attachments to classes,castes,associations,and families. 
B) A series of evangelical Protestant revivals extending from the 1810s to the 1830s which prompted thousands of conversion and widespread optimism about Americans' capacity for progress and reform. 
C) A web of reform organizations,heavily Whig in their political orientation,built by evangelical Protestant men and women influenced by the Second Great Awakening. 
D) A literary explosion during the 1840s inspired in part by Emerson's ideas on the liberation of the individual. 
E) A European philosophy that rejected the ordered rationality of the eighteenth-century Enlightenment,embracing human passion,spiritual quest,and self-knowledge.Romanticism strongly influenced American Transcendentalism.
F)A nineteenth-century American intellectual movement that posited the importance of an ideal world of mystical knowledge and harmony beyond the immediate grasp of the senses.Influenced by Romanticism,writers Ralph Waldo Emerson and Henry David Thoreau called for the critical examination of society and emphasized individuality,self-reliance,and nonconformity.
G)Communities founded by reformers and Transcendentalists to help realize their spiritual and moral potential and to escape from the competition of modern industrial society.
H)A system of social and economic organization proposed by French thinker Charles Fourier,which was based on common ownership of goods and shared labor by members of a community.A number of nineteenth-century American utopian communities tried to put Fourierist principles into practice.
I)Christian movement of the 1830s that believed people could achieve moral perfection in their earthly lives because the Second Coming of Christ had already occurred.
J)Founded by Joseph Smith in 1830.After Smith's death at the hands of an angry mob,Brigham Young led many followers of Mormonism to lands in present-day Utah in 1846.
K)The practice of men taking multiple wives,which Mormon prophet Joseph Smith argued was biblically sanctioned and divinely ordained as a family system.
L)Sensational and popular urban newspapers that built large circulations by reporting crime and scandals.
M)Popular theatrical entertainment begun around 1830,in which white actors in blackface presented comic routines that combined racist caricature and social criticism.
N)Organizations in northern free black communities that sought to help community members and work against racial discrimination,inequality,and political slavery.
O)Church founded in 1816 by African Americans who were discriminated against by white Protestants.The church spread across the Northeast and Midwest and even founded a few congregations in the slave states of Missouri,Kentucky,Louisiana,and South Carolina.
P)The social reform movement to end slavery immediately and without compensation that began in the United States in the 1830s.
Q)The first interracial social justice movement in the United States,which advocated the immediate,unconditional end of slavery on the basis of human rights,without compensation to slave masters.
R)An informal network of whites and free blacks in the South that assisted fugitive slaves to reach freedom in the North.
S)A procedure in the House of Representatives from 1836 to 1844 by which antislavery petitions were automatically tabled when they were received so that they could not become the subject of debate.
T)An antislavery political party that ran its first presidential candidate in 1844,controversially challenging both the Democrats and Whigs.
U)An organization led by middle-class Christian women who viewed prostitutes as victims of male lust and sought to expose their male customers while "rescuing" sex workers and encouraging them to pursue respectable trades.
V)A middle-class ideal of "separate spheres" which celebrated women's special mission as homemakers,wives,and mothers who exercised a Christian influence on their families and communities,but which excluded women from professional careers,politics,and civic life.
W)Laws enacted between 1839 and 1860 in New York and other states that permitted married women to own,inherit,and bequeath property.
X)The first women's rights convention in the United States.Held in New York in 1848,it resulted in a manifesto extending to women the egalitarian republican ideology of the Declaration of Independence.

Question 12

Answer the following  questions :
-Liberty Party

Accepted Answer

A) Word coined by Alexis de Tocqueville in 1835 to describe Americans as people no longer bound by social attachments to classes,castes,associations,and families. 
B) A series of evangelical Protestant revivals extending from the 1810s to the 1830s which prompted thousands of conversion and widespread optimism about Americans' capacity for progress and reform. 
C) A web of reform organizations,heavily Whig in their political orientation,built by evangelical Protestant men and women influenced by the Second Great Awakening. 
D) A literary explosion during the 1840s inspired in part by Emerson's ideas on the liberation of the individual. 
E) A European philosophy that rejected the ordered rationality of the eighteenth-century Enlightenment,embracing human passion,spiritual quest,and self-knowledge.Romanticism strongly influenced American Transcendentalism.
F)A nineteenth-century American intellectual movement that posited the importance of an ideal world of mystical knowledge and harmony beyond the immediate grasp of the senses.Influenced by Romanticism,writers Ralph Waldo Emerson and Henry David Thoreau called for the critical examination of society and emphasized individuality,self-reliance,and nonconformity.
G)Communities founded by reformers and Transcendentalists to help realize their spiritual and moral potential and to escape from the competition of modern industrial society.
H)A system of social and economic organization proposed by French thinker Charles Fourier,which was based on common ownership of goods and shared labor by members of a community.A number of nineteenth-century American utopian communities tried to put Fourierist principles into practice.
I)Christian movement of the 1830s that believed people could achieve moral perfection in their earthly lives because the Second Coming of Christ had already occurred.
J)Founded by Joseph Smith in 1830.After Smith's death at the hands of an angry mob,Brigham Young led many followers of Mormonism to lands in present-day Utah in 1846.
K)The practice of men taking multiple wives,which Mormon prophet Joseph Smith argued was biblically sanctioned and divinely ordained as a family system.
L)Sensational and popular urban newspapers that built large circulations by reporting crime and scandals.
M)Popular theatrical entertainment begun around 1830,in which white actors in blackface presented comic routines that combined racist caricature and social criticism.
N)Organizations in northern free black communities that sought to help community members and work against racial discrimination,inequality,and political slavery.
O)Church founded in 1816 by African Americans who were discriminated against by white Protestants.The church spread across the Northeast and Midwest and even founded a few congregations in the slave states of Missouri,Kentucky,Louisiana,and South Carolina.
P)The social reform movement to end slavery immediately and without compensation that began in the United States in the 1830s.
Q)The first interracial social justice movement in the United States,which advocated the immediate,unconditional end of slavery on the basis of human rights,without compensation to slave masters.
R)An informal network of whites and free blacks in the South that assisted fugitive slaves to reach freedom in the North.
S)A procedure in the House of Representatives from 1836 to 1844 by which antislavery petitions were automatically tabled when they were received so that they could not become the subject of debate.
T)An antislavery political party that ran its first presidential candidate in 1844,controversially challenging both the Democrats and Whigs.
U)An organization led by middle-class Christian women who viewed prostitutes as victims of male lust and sought to expose their male customers while "rescuing" sex workers and encouraging them to pursue respectable trades.
V)A middle-class ideal of "separate spheres" which celebrated women's special mission as homemakers,wives,and mothers who exercised a Christian influence on their families and communities,but which excluded women from professional careers,politics,and civic life.
W)Laws enacted between 1839 and 1860 in New York and other states that permitted married women to own,inherit,and bequeath property.
X)The first women's rights convention in the United States.Held in New York in 1848,it resulted in a manifesto extending to women the egalitarian republican ideology of the Declaration of Independence. 
A) Word coined by Alexis de Tocqueville in 1835 to describe Americans as people no longer bound by social attachments to classes,castes,associations,and families. 
B) A series of evangelical Protestant revivals extending from the 1810s to the 1830s which prompted thousands of conversion and widespread optimism about Americans' capacity for progress and reform. 
C) A web of reform organizations,heavily Whig in their political orientation,built by evangelical Protestant men and women influenced by the Second Great Awakening. 
D) A literary explosion during the 1840s inspired in part by Emerson's ideas on the liberation of the individual. 
E) A European philosophy that rejected the ordered rationality of the eighteenth-century Enlightenment,embracing human passion,spiritual quest,and self-knowledge.Romanticism strongly influenced American Transcendentalism.
F)A nineteenth-century American intellectual movement that posited the importance of an ideal world of mystical knowledge and harmony beyond the immediate grasp of the senses.Influenced by Romanticism,writers Ralph Waldo Emerson and Henry David Thoreau called for the critical examination of society and emphasized individuality,self-reliance,and nonconformity.
G)Communities founded by reformers and Transcendentalists to help realize their spiritual and moral potential and to escape from the competition of modern industrial society.
H)A system of social and economic organization proposed by French thinker Charles Fourier,which was based on common ownership of goods and shared labor by members of a community.A number of nineteenth-century American utopian communities tried to put Fourierist principles into practice.
I)Christian movement of the 1830s that believed people could achieve moral perfection in their earthly lives because the Second Coming of Christ had already occurred.
J)Founded by Joseph Smith in 1830.After Smith's death at the hands of an angry mob,Brigham Young led many followers of Mormonism to lands in present-day Utah in 1846.
K)The practice of men taking multiple wives,which Mormon prophet Joseph Smith argued was biblically sanctioned and divinely ordained as a family system.
L)Sensational and popular urban newspapers that built large circulations by reporting crime and scandals.
M)Popular theatrical entertainment begun around 1830,in which white actors in blackface presented comic routines that combined racist caricature and social criticism.
N)Organizations in northern free black communities that sought to help community members and work against racial discrimination,inequality,and political slavery.
O)Church founded in 1816 by African Americans who were discriminated against by white Protestants.The church spread across the Northeast and Midwest and even founded a few congregations in the slave states of Missouri,Kentucky,Louisiana,and South Carolina.
P)The social reform movement to end slavery immediately and without compensation that began in the United States in the 1830s.
Q)The first interracial social justice movement in the United States,which advocated the immediate,unconditional end of slavery on the basis of human rights,without compensation to slave masters.
R)An informal network of whites and free blacks in the South that assisted fugitive slaves to reach freedom in the North.
S)A procedure in the House of Representatives from 1836 to 1844 by which antislavery petitions were automatically tabled when they were received so that they could not become the subject of debate.
T)An antislavery political party that ran its first presidential candidate in 1844,controversially challenging both the Democrats and Whigs.
U)An organization led by middle-class Christian women who viewed prostitutes as victims of male lust and sought to expose their male customers while "rescuing" sex workers and encouraging them to pursue respectable trades.
V)A middle-class ideal of "separate spheres" which celebrated women's special mission as homemakers,wives,and mothers who exercised a Christian influence on their families and communities,but which excluded women from professional careers,politics,and civic life.
W)Laws enacted between 1839 and 1860 in New York and other states that permitted married women to own,inherit,and bequeath property.
X)The first women's rights convention in the United States.Held in New York in 1848,it resulted in a manifesto extending to women the egalitarian republican ideology of the Declaration of Independence.

Question 13

Answer the following  questions :
-minstrel shows

Accepted Answer

A) Word coined by Alexis de Tocqueville in 1835 to describe Americans as people no longer bound by social attachments to classes,castes,associations,and families. 
B) A series of evangelical Protestant revivals extending from the 1810s to the 1830s which prompted thousands of conversion and widespread optimism about Americans' capacity for progress and reform. 
C) A web of reform organizations,heavily Whig in their political orientation,built by evangelical Protestant men and women influenced by the Second Great Awakening. 
D) A literary explosion during the 1840s inspired in part by Emerson's ideas on the liberation of the individual. 
E) A European philosophy that rejected the ordered rationality of the eighteenth-century Enlightenment,embracing human passion,spiritual quest,and self-knowledge.Romanticism strongly influenced American Transcendentalism.
F)A nineteenth-century American intellectual movement that posited the importance of an ideal world of mystical knowledge and harmony beyond the immediate grasp of the senses.Influenced by Romanticism,writers Ralph Waldo Emerson and Henry David Thoreau called for the critical examination of society and emphasized individuality,self-reliance,and nonconformity.
G)Communities founded by reformers and Transcendentalists to help realize their spiritual and moral potential and to escape from the competition of modern industrial society.
H)A system of social and economic organization proposed by French thinker Charles Fourier,which was based on common ownership of goods and shared labor by members of a community.A number of nineteenth-century American utopian communities tried to put Fourierist principles into practice.
I)Christian movement of the 1830s that believed people could achieve moral perfection in their earthly lives because the Second Coming of Christ had already occurred.
J)Founded by Joseph Smith in 1830.After Smith's death at the hands of an angry mob,Brigham Young led many followers of Mormonism to lands in present-day Utah in 1846.
K)The practice of men taking multiple wives,which Mormon prophet Joseph Smith argued was biblically sanctioned and divinely ordained as a family system.
L)Sensational and popular urban newspapers that built large circulations by reporting crime and scandals.
M)Popular theatrical entertainment begun around 1830,in which white actors in blackface presented comic routines that combined racist caricature and social criticism.
N)Organizations in northern free black communities that sought to help community members and work against racial discrimination,inequality,and political slavery.
O)Church founded in 1816 by African Americans who were discriminated against by white Protestants.The church spread across the Northeast and Midwest and even founded a few congregations in the slave states of Missouri,Kentucky,Louisiana,and South Carolina.
P)The social reform movement to end slavery immediately and without compensation that began in the United States in the 1830s.
Q)The first interracial social justice movement in the United States,which advocated the immediate,unconditional end of slavery on the basis of human rights,without compensation to slave masters.
R)An informal network of whites and free blacks in the South that assisted fugitive slaves to reach freedom in the North.
S)A procedure in the House of Representatives from 1836 to 1844 by which antislavery petitions were automatically tabled when they were received so that they could not become the subject of debate.
T)An antislavery political party that ran its first presidential candidate in 1844,controversially challenging both the Democrats and Whigs.
U)An organization led by middle-class Christian women who viewed prostitutes as victims of male lust and sought to expose their male customers while "rescuing" sex workers and encouraging them to pursue respectable trades.
V)A middle-class ideal of "separate spheres" which celebrated women's special mission as homemakers,wives,and mothers who exercised a Christian influence on their families and communities,but which excluded women from professional careers,politics,and civic life.
W)Laws enacted between 1839 and 1860 in New York and other states that permitted married women to own,inherit,and bequeath property.
X)The first women's rights convention in the United States.Held in New York in 1848,it resulted in a manifesto extending to women the egalitarian republican ideology of the Declaration of Independence. 
A) Word coined by Alexis de Tocqueville in 1835 to describe Americans as people no longer bound by social attachments to classes,castes,associations,and families. 
B) A series of evangelical Protestant revivals extending from the 1810s to the 1830s which prompted thousands of conversion and widespread optimism about Americans' capacity for progress and reform. 
C) A web of reform organizations,heavily Whig in their political orientation,built by evangelical Protestant men and women influenced by the Second Great Awakening. 
D) A literary explosion during the 1840s inspired in part by Emerson's ideas on the liberation of the individual. 
E) A European philosophy that rejected the ordered rationality of the eighteenth-century Enlightenment,embracing human passion,spiritual quest,and self-knowledge.Romanticism strongly influenced American Transcendentalism.
F)A nineteenth-century American intellectual movement that posited the importance of an ideal world of mystical knowledge and harmony beyond the immediate grasp of the senses.Influenced by Romanticism,writers Ralph Waldo Emerson and Henry David Thoreau called for the critical examination of society and emphasized individuality,self-reliance,and nonconformity.
G)Communities founded by reformers and Transcendentalists to help realize their spiritual and moral potential and to escape from the competition of modern industrial society.
H)A system of social and economic organization proposed by French thinker Charles Fourier,which was based on common ownership of goods and shared labor by members of a community.A number of nineteenth-century American utopian communities tried to put Fourierist principles into practice.
I)Christian movement of the 1830s that believed people could achieve moral perfection in their earthly lives because the Second Coming of Christ had already occurred.
J)Founded by Joseph Smith in 1830.After Smith's death at the hands of an angry mob,Brigham Young led many followers of Mormonism to lands in present-day Utah in 1846.
K)The practice of men taking multiple wives,which Mormon prophet Joseph Smith argued was biblically sanctioned and divinely ordained as a family system.
L)Sensational and popular urban newspapers that built large circulations by reporting crime and scandals.
M)Popular theatrical entertainment begun around 1830,in which white actors in blackface presented comic routines that combined racist caricature and social criticism.
N)Organizations in northern free black communities that sought to help community members and work against racial discrimination,inequality,and political slavery.
O)Church founded in 1816 by African Americans who were discriminated against by white Protestants.The church spread across the Northeast and Midwest and even founded a few congregations in the slave states of Missouri,Kentucky,Louisiana,and South Carolina.
P)The social reform movement to end slavery immediately and without compensation that began in the United States in the 1830s.
Q)The first interracial social justice movement in the United States,which advocated the immediate,unconditional end of slavery on the basis of human rights,without compensation to slave masters.
R)An informal network of whites and free blacks in the South that assisted fugitive slaves to reach freedom in the North.
S)A procedure in the House of Representatives from 1836 to 1844 by which antislavery petitions were automatically tabled when they were received so that they could not become the subject of debate.
T)An antislavery political party that ran its first presidential candidate in 1844,controversially challenging both the Democrats and Whigs.
U)An organization led by middle-class Christian women who viewed prostitutes as victims of male lust and sought to expose their male customers while "rescuing" sex workers and encouraging them to pursue respectable trades.
V)A middle-class ideal of "separate spheres" which celebrated women's special mission as homemakers,wives,and mothers who exercised a Christian influence on their families and communities,but which excluded women from professional careers,politics,and civic life.
W)Laws enacted between 1839 and 1860 in New York and other states that permitted married women to own,inherit,and bequeath property.
X)The first women's rights convention in the United States.Held in New York in 1848,it resulted in a manifesto extending to women the egalitarian republican ideology of the Declaration of Independence.

Question 14

Efforts by women reformers to regulate sexual behavior resulted in laws in Massachusetts and New York that did which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Banned the manufacture,distribution,and sale of birth control devices 
B)  Made seduction of women a crime 
C)  Banned the common practice of abortion 
D)  Made solicitation of prostitutes a crime 
A)  Banned the manufacture,distribution,and sale of birth control devices 
B)  Made seduction of women a crime 
C)  Banned the common practice of abortion 
D)  Made solicitation of prostitutes a crime

Question 15

Answer the following  questions :
-Underground Railroad

Accepted Answer

A) Word coined by Alexis de Tocqueville in 1835 to describe Americans as people no longer bound by social attachments to classes,castes,associations,and families. 
B) A series of evangelical Protestant revivals extending from the 1810s to the 1830s which prompted thousands of conversion and widespread optimism about Americans' capacity for progress and reform. 
C) A web of reform organizations,heavily Whig in their political orientation,built by evangelical Protestant men and women influenced by the Second Great Awakening. 
D) A literary explosion during the 1840s inspired in part by Emerson's ideas on the liberation of the individual. 
E) A European philosophy that rejected the ordered rationality of the eighteenth-century Enlightenment,embracing human passion,spiritual quest,and self-knowledge.Romanticism strongly influenced American Transcendentalism.
F)A nineteenth-century American intellectual movement that posited the importance of an ideal world of mystical knowledge and harmony beyond the immediate grasp of the senses.Influenced by Romanticism,writers Ralph Waldo Emerson and Henry David Thoreau called for the critical examination of society and emphasized individuality,self-reliance,and nonconformity.
G)Communities founded by reformers and Transcendentalists to help realize their spiritual and moral potential and to escape from the competition of modern industrial society.
H)A system of social and economic organization proposed by French thinker Charles Fourier,which was based on common ownership of goods and shared labor by members of a community.A number of nineteenth-century American utopian communities tried to put Fourierist principles into practice.
I)Christian movement of the 1830s that believed people could achieve moral perfection in their earthly lives because the Second Coming of Christ had already occurred.
J)Founded by Joseph Smith in 1830.After Smith's death at the hands of an angry mob,Brigham Young led many followers of Mormonism to lands in present-day Utah in 1846.
K)The practice of men taking multiple wives,which Mormon prophet Joseph Smith argued was biblically sanctioned and divinely ordained as a family system.
L)Sensational and popular urban newspapers that built large circulations by reporting crime and scandals.
M)Popular theatrical entertainment begun around 1830,in which white actors in blackface presented comic routines that combined racist caricature and social criticism.
N)Organizations in northern free black communities that sought to help community members and work against racial discrimination,inequality,and political slavery.
O)Church founded in 1816 by African Americans who were discriminated against by white Protestants.The church spread across the Northeast and Midwest and even founded a few congregations in the slave states of Missouri,Kentucky,Louisiana,and South Carolina.
P)The social reform movement to end slavery immediately and without compensation that began in the United States in the 1830s.
Q)The first interracial social justice movement in the United States,which advocated the immediate,unconditional end of slavery on the basis of human rights,without compensation to slave masters.
R)An informal network of whites and free blacks in the South that assisted fugitive slaves to reach freedom in the North.
S)A procedure in the House of Representatives from 1836 to 1844 by which antislavery petitions were automatically tabled when they were received so that they could not become the subject of debate.
T)An antislavery political party that ran its first presidential candidate in 1844,controversially challenging both the Democrats and Whigs.
U)An organization led by middle-class Christian women who viewed prostitutes as victims of male lust and sought to expose their male customers while "rescuing" sex workers and encouraging them to pursue respectable trades.
V)A middle-class ideal of "separate spheres" which celebrated women's special mission as homemakers,wives,and mothers who exercised a Christian influence on their families and communities,but which excluded women from professional careers,politics,and civic life.
W)Laws enacted between 1839 and 1860 in New York and other states that permitted married women to own,inherit,and bequeath property.
X)The first women's rights convention in the United States.Held in New York in 1848,it resulted in a manifesto extending to women the egalitarian republican ideology of the Declaration of Independence. 
A) Word coined by Alexis de Tocqueville in 1835 to describe Americans as people no longer bound by social attachments to classes,castes,associations,and families. 
B) A series of evangelical Protestant revivals extending from the 1810s to the 1830s which prompted thousands of conversion and widespread optimism about Americans' capacity for progress and reform. 
C) A web of reform organizations,heavily Whig in their political orientation,built by evangelical Protestant men and women influenced by the Second Great Awakening. 
D) A literary explosion during the 1840s inspired in part by Emerson's ideas on the liberation of the individual. 
E) A European philosophy that rejected the ordered rationality of the eighteenth-century Enlightenment,embracing human passion,spiritual quest,and self-knowledge.Romanticism strongly influenced American Transcendentalism.
F)A nineteenth-century American intellectual movement that posited the importance of an ideal world of mystical knowledge and harmony beyond the immediate grasp of the senses.Influenced by Romanticism,writers Ralph Waldo Emerson and Henry David Thoreau called for the critical examination of society and emphasized individuality,self-reliance,and nonconformity.
G)Communities founded by reformers and Transcendentalists to help realize their spiritual and moral potential and to escape from the competition of modern industrial society.
H)A system of social and economic organization proposed by French thinker Charles Fourier,which was based on common ownership of goods and shared labor by members of a community.A number of nineteenth-century American utopian communities tried to put Fourierist principles into practice.
I)Christian movement of the 1830s that believed people could achieve moral perfection in their earthly lives because the Second Coming of Christ had already occurred.
J)Founded by Joseph Smith in 1830.After Smith's death at the hands of an angry mob,Brigham Young led many followers of Mormonism to lands in present-day Utah in 1846.
K)The practice of men taking multiple wives,which Mormon prophet Joseph Smith argued was biblically sanctioned and divinely ordained as a family system.
L)Sensational and popular urban newspapers that built large circulations by reporting crime and scandals.
M)Popular theatrical entertainment begun around 1830,in which white actors in blackface presented comic routines that combined racist caricature and social criticism.
N)Organizations in northern free black communities that sought to help community members and work against racial discrimination,inequality,and political slavery.
O)Church founded in 1816 by African Americans who were discriminated against by white Protestants.The church spread across the Northeast and Midwest and even founded a few congregations in the slave states of Missouri,Kentucky,Louisiana,and South Carolina.
P)The social reform movement to end slavery immediately and without compensation that began in the United States in the 1830s.
Q)The first interracial social justice movement in the United States,which advocated the immediate,unconditional end of slavery on the basis of human rights,without compensation to slave masters.
R)An informal network of whites and free blacks in the South that assisted fugitive slaves to reach freedom in the North.
S)A procedure in the House of Representatives from 1836 to 1844 by which antislavery petitions were automatically tabled when they were received so that they could not become the subject of debate.
T)An antislavery political party that ran its first presidential candidate in 1844,controversially challenging both the Democrats and Whigs.
U)An organization led by middle-class Christian women who viewed prostitutes as victims of male lust and sought to expose their male customers while "rescuing" sex workers and encouraging them to pursue respectable trades.
V)A middle-class ideal of "separate spheres" which celebrated women's special mission as homemakers,wives,and mothers who exercised a Christian influence on their families and communities,but which excluded women from professional careers,politics,and civic life.
W)Laws enacted between 1839 and 1860 in New York and other states that permitted married women to own,inherit,and bequeath property.
X)The first women's rights convention in the United States.Held in New York in 1848,it resulted in a manifesto extending to women the egalitarian republican ideology of the Declaration of Independence.

Question 16

Through which of the following movements did evangelical reformers succeed in effecting substantial legal and cultural transformations in early nineteenth-century America?

Accepted Answer

A)  Prison reform 
B)  Prostitution 
C)  Immigration reform 
D)  Temperance 
A)  Prison reform 
B)  Prostitution 
C)  Immigration reform 
D)  Temperance

Question 17

The philosophy that people could gain mystical knowledge and harmony beyond the world of the senses is known as which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Individualism 
B)  The cult of domesticity 
C)  Utopianism 
D)  Transcendentalism 
A)  Individualism 
B)  The cult of domesticity 
C)  Utopianism 
D)  Transcendentalism

Question 18

Which of the following describes the minstrel shows that became popular in American cities in the 1840s?

Accepted Answer

A)  They were pioneered by P.T.Barnum,who founded the Barnum & Bailey Circus. 
B)  Minstrel shows celebrated the lifestyle of the "b'hoys." 
C)  Minstrel shows contributed to the problem of prostitution in the big cities. 
D)  They were a popular form of entertainment and social criticism. 
A)  They were pioneered by P.T.Barnum,who founded the Barnum & Bailey Circus. 
B)  Minstrel shows celebrated the lifestyle of the "b'hoys." 
C)  Minstrel shows contributed to the problem of prostitution in the big cities. 
D)  They were a popular form of entertainment and social criticism.

Question 19

What were the origins of the abolitionist movement in the 1830s?

Accepted Answer

Answer would ideally include:
- Sources

Question 20

Analyze the relationship between religion and reform in the decades from 1800 to 1860.Why did many religious people feel compelled to remake society? How successful were they? Do you see any parallels with social movements today?
Answer Key

Accepted Answer

Answer would ideally include:
- Antebell

Exam 10: Religion, Reform, and Culture, 1820-1848

What effects did the Second Great Awakening have on American society?

Answer the following questions : -Free African Societies

Which were the two fastest-growing American church denominations during the early nineteenth century?

How did specific utopian communities deal with gender equality? Why were gender relationships so prominent in the agendas of these communities?

Answer the following questions : -domesticity

Which of the following describes the Fourierist movement in America?

Which of the following factors contributed to the rise of anti-immigrant sentiment in American cities in the mid-nineteenth century?

Ralph Waldo Emerson wrote about which of the following in his essays and lectures?

What did Alexis de Tocqueville mean when he used the term individualism to describe American society in 1835?

Answer the following questions : -American Renaissance

Answer the following questions : -Liberty Party

Answer the following questions : -minstrel shows

Efforts by women reformers to regulate sexual behavior resulted in laws in Massachusetts and New York that did which of the following?

Answer the following questions : -Underground Railroad

Through which of the following movements did evangelical reformers succeed in effecting substantial legal and cultural transformations in early nineteenth-century America?

The philosophy that people could gain mystical knowledge and harmony beyond the world of the senses is known as which of the following?

Which of the following describes the minstrel shows that became popular in American cities in the 1840s?

What were the origins of the abolitionist movement in the 1830s?

Analyze the relationship between religion and reform in the decades from 1800 to 1860.Why did many religious people feel compelled to remake society? How successful were they? Do you see any parallels with social movements today? Answer Key

Colliding Worlds, 1491-1600

American Experiments, 1521-1700

The British Atlantic World, 1607-1750

Growth, Diversity, and Conflict, 1720-1763

The Problem of Empire, 1754-1776

Making War and Republican Governments, 1776-1789

Hammering Out a Federal Republic, 1787-1820

Economic Transformations, 1800-1848

A Democratic Revolution, 1800-1848

Imperial Ambitions, 1820-1848

Sectional Conflict and Crisis, 1844-1860

Bloody Ground: the Civil War, 1861-1865

Reconstruction, 1865-1877

Conquering a Continent, 1860-1890

Industrial America: Corporations and Conflicts, 1877-1910

Making Modern American Culture, 1880-1917

Civilizations Inferno: the Rise and Reform of Industrial Cities, 1880-1917

Whose Government Politics, Populists, and Progressives, 1880-1917

An Emerging World Power, 1890-1918

Unsettled Prosperity: From War to Depression, 1919-1932

Managing the Great Depression, Forging the New Deal, 1929-1938

The World at War, 1937-1945

Cold War America, 1945-1963

Triumph of the Middle Class, 1945-1963

Walking Into Freedom Land: the Civil Rights Movement, 1941-1973

Uncivil Wars:liberal Crisis and Conservative Rebirth, 1961-1972

The Search for Order in an Era of Limits, 1973-1980

Conservative America in the Ascent, 1980-1991

Confronting Global and National Dilemmas, 1989 to the Present

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