Question 1

Which of the following border states quickly joined the Confederacy in 1861?

Accepted Answer

A)  Maryland 
B)  Kentucky 
C)  Tennessee 
D)  Missouri 
A)  Maryland 
B)  Kentucky 
C)  Tennessee 
D)  Missouri

Question 2

Why did radical abolitionist William Lloyd Garrison criticize the free soil movement bitterly in the late 1840s?

Accepted Answer

A)  He wanted to cause a showdown with the South that would destroy slavery by force. 
B)  He found its emphasis on freehold farming racist and insufficiently radical. 
C)  He distrusted the Free Soil Party's presidential nominee,Martin Van Buren. 
D)  The Free Soil Party would not publicly declare support for women's rights. 
A)  He wanted to cause a showdown with the South that would destroy slavery by force. 
B)  He found its emphasis on freehold farming racist and insufficiently radical. 
C)  He distrusted the Free Soil Party's presidential nominee,Martin Van Buren. 
D)  The Free Soil Party would not publicly declare support for women's rights.

Question 3

Answer the following  questions :
-nativism

Accepted Answer

A) Lands taken by the United States in the U.S.-Mexico War (1846-1848). 
B) Whig politicians who opposed the U.S.-Mexico War on moral grounds,maintaining that the purpose of the war was to expand and perpetuate control of the national government. 
C) The 1846 proposal by Representative David Wilmot of Pennsylvania to ban slavery in territory acquired from the U.S.-Mexico War. 
D) The political argument,made by abolitionists,free soilers,and Republicans in the pre-Civil War years,that southern slaveholders were using their unfair representative advantage under the three-fifths compromise of the Constitution,as well as their clout within the Democratic Party,to demand extreme federal proslavery policies (such as annexation of Cuba)that the majority of American voters would not support. 
E) A political movement that opposed the expansion of slavery.In 1848 members of this movement organized their own political party,which depicted slavery as a threat to republicanism and to the Jeffersonian ideal of a freeholder society,arguments that won broad support among aspiring white farmers.
F)A discriminatory tax adopted in 1850 in the California Territory,that forced Chinese and Latin American immigrant miners to pay high taxes for the right to prospect for gold.The tax effectively drove these miners from the gold fields.
G)A plan,first promoted by Democratic candidate Senator Lewis Cass as "squatter sovereignty," then revised as "popular sovereignty" by fellow Democratic presidential aspirant Stephen Douglas,under which Congress would allow settlers in each territory to determine its status as free or slave.
H)The more than 80,000 settlers who arrived in California in 1849 as part of that territory's gold rush.
I)Laws passed in 1850 that were meant to resolve the dispute over the status of slavery in the territories.Key elements included the admission of California as a free state and a new Fugitive Slave Act.
J)Laws enacted in many northern states that guaranteed to all residents,including alleged fugitives,the right to a jury trial.
K)An 1854 treaty in which,after a show of military force by U.S.Commodore Matthew Perry,leaders of Japan agreed to permit American ships to refuel at two Japanese ports.
L)A small slice of land (now part of Arizona and New Mexico)purchased by President Franklin Pierce in 1853 for the purpose of building a transcontinental rail line from New Orleans to Los Angeles.
M)Private paramilitary campaigns,mounted particularly by southern proslavery advocates in the 1850s,to seize additional territory in the Caribbean or Latin America in order to establish control by U.S.-born leaders,with an expectation of eventual annexation by the United States.
N)An 1854 manifesto that urged President Franklin Pierce to seize the slave-owning province of Cuba from Spain.Northern Democrats denounced this aggressive initiative,and the plan was scuttled.
O)A pattern by which immigrants find housing and work and learn to navigate a new environment,and then assist other immigrants from their family or home area to settle in the same location.
P)Opposition to immigration and to full citizenship for recent immigrants or to immigrants of a particular ethnic or national background,as expressed,for example,by anti-Irish discrimination in the 1850s and Asian exclusion laws between the 1880s and 1940s.
Q)A controversial 1854 law that divided the Indian Territory into Kansas and Nebraska,repealed the Missouri Compromise,and left the new territories to decide the issue of slavery on the basis of popular sovereignty.Far from clarifying the status of slavery in the territories,the Act led to violent conflict in "Bleeding Kansas."
R)The 1857 Supreme Court decision that ruled the Missouri Compromise unconstitutional.The Court ruled against slave Dred Scott,who claimed that travels with his master into free states and territories made him and his family free.The decision also denied the federal government the right to exclude slavery from the territories and declared that African Americans were not citizens. 
A) Lands taken by the United States in the U.S.-Mexico War (1846-1848). 
B) Whig politicians who opposed the U.S.-Mexico War on moral grounds,maintaining that the purpose of the war was to expand and perpetuate control of the national government. 
C) The 1846 proposal by Representative David Wilmot of Pennsylvania to ban slavery in territory acquired from the U.S.-Mexico War. 
D) The political argument,made by abolitionists,free soilers,and Republicans in the pre-Civil War years,that southern slaveholders were using their unfair representative advantage under the three-fifths compromise of the Constitution,as well as their clout within the Democratic Party,to demand extreme federal proslavery policies (such as annexation of Cuba)that the majority of American voters would not support. 
E) A political movement that opposed the expansion of slavery.In 1848 members of this movement organized their own political party,which depicted slavery as a threat to republicanism and to the Jeffersonian ideal of a freeholder society,arguments that won broad support among aspiring white farmers.
F)A discriminatory tax adopted in 1850 in the California Territory,that forced Chinese and Latin American immigrant miners to pay high taxes for the right to prospect for gold.The tax effectively drove these miners from the gold fields.
G)A plan,first promoted by Democratic candidate Senator Lewis Cass as "squatter sovereignty," then revised as "popular sovereignty" by fellow Democratic presidential aspirant Stephen Douglas,under which Congress would allow settlers in each territory to determine its status as free or slave.
H)The more than 80,000 settlers who arrived in California in 1849 as part of that territory's gold rush.
I)Laws passed in 1850 that were meant to resolve the dispute over the status of slavery in the territories.Key elements included the admission of California as a free state and a new Fugitive Slave Act.
J)Laws enacted in many northern states that guaranteed to all residents,including alleged fugitives,the right to a jury trial.
K)An 1854 treaty in which,after a show of military force by U.S.Commodore Matthew Perry,leaders of Japan agreed to permit American ships to refuel at two Japanese ports.
L)A small slice of land (now part of Arizona and New Mexico)purchased by President Franklin Pierce in 1853 for the purpose of building a transcontinental rail line from New Orleans to Los Angeles.
M)Private paramilitary campaigns,mounted particularly by southern proslavery advocates in the 1850s,to seize additional territory in the Caribbean or Latin America in order to establish control by U.S.-born leaders,with an expectation of eventual annexation by the United States.
N)An 1854 manifesto that urged President Franklin Pierce to seize the slave-owning province of Cuba from Spain.Northern Democrats denounced this aggressive initiative,and the plan was scuttled.
O)A pattern by which immigrants find housing and work and learn to navigate a new environment,and then assist other immigrants from their family or home area to settle in the same location.
P)Opposition to immigration and to full citizenship for recent immigrants or to immigrants of a particular ethnic or national background,as expressed,for example,by anti-Irish discrimination in the 1850s and Asian exclusion laws between the 1880s and 1940s.
Q)A controversial 1854 law that divided the Indian Territory into Kansas and Nebraska,repealed the Missouri Compromise,and left the new territories to decide the issue of slavery on the basis of popular sovereignty.Far from clarifying the status of slavery in the territories,the Act led to violent conflict in "Bleeding Kansas."
R)The 1857 Supreme Court decision that ruled the Missouri Compromise unconstitutional.The Court ruled against slave Dred Scott,who claimed that travels with his master into free states and territories made him and his family free.The decision also denied the federal government the right to exclude slavery from the territories and declared that African Americans were not citizens.

Question 4

Answer the following  questions :
-Wilmot Proviso

Accepted Answer

A) Lands taken by the United States in the U.S.-Mexico War (1846-1848). 
B) Whig politicians who opposed the U.S.-Mexico War on moral grounds,maintaining that the purpose of the war was to expand and perpetuate control of the national government. 
C) The 1846 proposal by Representative David Wilmot of Pennsylvania to ban slavery in territory acquired from the U.S.-Mexico War. 
D) The political argument,made by abolitionists,free soilers,and Republicans in the pre-Civil War years,that southern slaveholders were using their unfair representative advantage under the three-fifths compromise of the Constitution,as well as their clout within the Democratic Party,to demand extreme federal proslavery policies (such as annexation of Cuba)that the majority of American voters would not support. 
E) A political movement that opposed the expansion of slavery.In 1848 members of this movement organized their own political party,which depicted slavery as a threat to republicanism and to the Jeffersonian ideal of a freeholder society,arguments that won broad support among aspiring white farmers.
F)A discriminatory tax adopted in 1850 in the California Territory,that forced Chinese and Latin American immigrant miners to pay high taxes for the right to prospect for gold.The tax effectively drove these miners from the gold fields.
G)A plan,first promoted by Democratic candidate Senator Lewis Cass as "squatter sovereignty," then revised as "popular sovereignty" by fellow Democratic presidential aspirant Stephen Douglas,under which Congress would allow settlers in each territory to determine its status as free or slave.
H)The more than 80,000 settlers who arrived in California in 1849 as part of that territory's gold rush.
I)Laws passed in 1850 that were meant to resolve the dispute over the status of slavery in the territories.Key elements included the admission of California as a free state and a new Fugitive Slave Act.
J)Laws enacted in many northern states that guaranteed to all residents,including alleged fugitives,the right to a jury trial.
K)An 1854 treaty in which,after a show of military force by U.S.Commodore Matthew Perry,leaders of Japan agreed to permit American ships to refuel at two Japanese ports.
L)A small slice of land (now part of Arizona and New Mexico)purchased by President Franklin Pierce in 1853 for the purpose of building a transcontinental rail line from New Orleans to Los Angeles.
M)Private paramilitary campaigns,mounted particularly by southern proslavery advocates in the 1850s,to seize additional territory in the Caribbean or Latin America in order to establish control by U.S.-born leaders,with an expectation of eventual annexation by the United States.
N)An 1854 manifesto that urged President Franklin Pierce to seize the slave-owning province of Cuba from Spain.Northern Democrats denounced this aggressive initiative,and the plan was scuttled.
O)A pattern by which immigrants find housing and work and learn to navigate a new environment,and then assist other immigrants from their family or home area to settle in the same location.
P)Opposition to immigration and to full citizenship for recent immigrants or to immigrants of a particular ethnic or national background,as expressed,for example,by anti-Irish discrimination in the 1850s and Asian exclusion laws between the 1880s and 1940s.
Q)A controversial 1854 law that divided the Indian Territory into Kansas and Nebraska,repealed the Missouri Compromise,and left the new territories to decide the issue of slavery on the basis of popular sovereignty.Far from clarifying the status of slavery in the territories,the Act led to violent conflict in "Bleeding Kansas."
R)The 1857 Supreme Court decision that ruled the Missouri Compromise unconstitutional.The Court ruled against slave Dred Scott,who claimed that travels with his master into free states and territories made him and his family free.The decision also denied the federal government the right to exclude slavery from the territories and declared that African Americans were not citizens. 
A) Lands taken by the United States in the U.S.-Mexico War (1846-1848). 
B) Whig politicians who opposed the U.S.-Mexico War on moral grounds,maintaining that the purpose of the war was to expand and perpetuate control of the national government. 
C) The 1846 proposal by Representative David Wilmot of Pennsylvania to ban slavery in territory acquired from the U.S.-Mexico War. 
D) The political argument,made by abolitionists,free soilers,and Republicans in the pre-Civil War years,that southern slaveholders were using their unfair representative advantage under the three-fifths compromise of the Constitution,as well as their clout within the Democratic Party,to demand extreme federal proslavery policies (such as annexation of Cuba)that the majority of American voters would not support. 
E) A political movement that opposed the expansion of slavery.In 1848 members of this movement organized their own political party,which depicted slavery as a threat to republicanism and to the Jeffersonian ideal of a freeholder society,arguments that won broad support among aspiring white farmers.
F)A discriminatory tax adopted in 1850 in the California Territory,that forced Chinese and Latin American immigrant miners to pay high taxes for the right to prospect for gold.The tax effectively drove these miners from the gold fields.
G)A plan,first promoted by Democratic candidate Senator Lewis Cass as "squatter sovereignty," then revised as "popular sovereignty" by fellow Democratic presidential aspirant Stephen Douglas,under which Congress would allow settlers in each territory to determine its status as free or slave.
H)The more than 80,000 settlers who arrived in California in 1849 as part of that territory's gold rush.
I)Laws passed in 1850 that were meant to resolve the dispute over the status of slavery in the territories.Key elements included the admission of California as a free state and a new Fugitive Slave Act.
J)Laws enacted in many northern states that guaranteed to all residents,including alleged fugitives,the right to a jury trial.
K)An 1854 treaty in which,after a show of military force by U.S.Commodore Matthew Perry,leaders of Japan agreed to permit American ships to refuel at two Japanese ports.
L)A small slice of land (now part of Arizona and New Mexico)purchased by President Franklin Pierce in 1853 for the purpose of building a transcontinental rail line from New Orleans to Los Angeles.
M)Private paramilitary campaigns,mounted particularly by southern proslavery advocates in the 1850s,to seize additional territory in the Caribbean or Latin America in order to establish control by U.S.-born leaders,with an expectation of eventual annexation by the United States.
N)An 1854 manifesto that urged President Franklin Pierce to seize the slave-owning province of Cuba from Spain.Northern Democrats denounced this aggressive initiative,and the plan was scuttled.
O)A pattern by which immigrants find housing and work and learn to navigate a new environment,and then assist other immigrants from their family or home area to settle in the same location.
P)Opposition to immigration and to full citizenship for recent immigrants or to immigrants of a particular ethnic or national background,as expressed,for example,by anti-Irish discrimination in the 1850s and Asian exclusion laws between the 1880s and 1940s.
Q)A controversial 1854 law that divided the Indian Territory into Kansas and Nebraska,repealed the Missouri Compromise,and left the new territories to decide the issue of slavery on the basis of popular sovereignty.Far from clarifying the status of slavery in the territories,the Act led to violent conflict in "Bleeding Kansas."
R)The 1857 Supreme Court decision that ruled the Missouri Compromise unconstitutional.The Court ruled against slave Dred Scott,who claimed that travels with his master into free states and territories made him and his family free.The decision also denied the federal government the right to exclude slavery from the territories and declared that African Americans were not citizens.

Question 5

From 1854 to 1856,which of the following was the fundamental principle all Republicans agreed on?

Accepted Answer

A)  An absolute opposition to the expansion of slavery into any new territories 
B)  The eventual abolition of slavery throughout the United States 
C)  The exclusion of Roman Catholic immigrants from entering the United States 
D)  The extension of voting rights to all adult male citizens,regardless of race 
A)  An absolute opposition to the expansion of slavery into any new territories 
B)  The eventual abolition of slavery throughout the United States 
C)  The exclusion of Roman Catholic immigrants from entering the United States 
D)  The extension of voting rights to all adult male citizens,regardless of race

Question 6

In 1858,in response to Abraham Lincoln's assertions about slavery in the territories,Stephen Douglas

Accepted Answer

A)  stole Lincoln's thunder by advocating a plan for gradual emancipation with compensation for former slaveholders. 
B)  emphasized colonization of freed slaves as the only practical solution to the problem of slavery. 
C)  declared,"This government was made by our fathers,by white men for the benefit of white men." 
D)  asserted that settlers could exclude slavery from a territory by not adopting local legislation to protect it. 
A)  stole Lincoln's thunder by advocating a plan for gradual emancipation with compensation for former slaveholders. 
B)  emphasized colonization of freed slaves as the only practical solution to the problem of slavery. 
C)  declared,"This government was made by our fathers,by white men for the benefit of white men." 
D)  asserted that settlers could exclude slavery from a territory by not adopting local legislation to protect it.

Question 7

Which of the following statements describes President Buchanan's handling of the Kansas issue?

Accepted Answer

A)  Buchanan supported the efforts of Senator Douglas to resolve the controversy fairly. 
B)  He tried but failed to have Kansas admitted as a slave state and fractured the Democratic Party. 
C)  He supported the actions of the New England Emigrant Aid Society and John Brown. 
D)  Unlike Pierce,Buchanan denounced the Lecompton constitution as being fraudulent. 
A)  Buchanan supported the efforts of Senator Douglas to resolve the controversy fairly. 
B)  He tried but failed to have Kansas admitted as a slave state and fractured the Democratic Party. 
C)  He supported the actions of the New England Emigrant Aid Society and John Brown. 
D)  Unlike Pierce,Buchanan denounced the Lecompton constitution as being fraudulent.

Question 8

How did the Franklin Pierce administration approach the settlement and organization of the Kansas Territory in 1854 and 1855?

Accepted Answer

A)  It favored the settlers sponsored by the New England Emigrant Aid Society. 
B)  Pierce officially favored the legitimacy of the proslavery legislature in Lecompton. 
C)  It invalidated an election in which proslavery Missourians had crossed into Kansas to vote. 
D)  The administration chose to ignore the issue and played no role. 
A)  It favored the settlers sponsored by the New England Emigrant Aid Society. 
B)  Pierce officially favored the legitimacy of the proslavery legislature in Lecompton. 
C)  It invalidated an election in which proslavery Missourians had crossed into Kansas to vote. 
D)  The administration chose to ignore the issue and played no role.

Question 9

What were the links between the U.S.-Mexico War of 1846-1848 and Abraham Lincoln's election as president in 1860?

Accepted Answer

- Lincoln's Response to the Kansas-Nebra

Question 10

The creation of the Republican Party,the Pottawatomie massacre,and the negation of the Missouri Compromise were all consequences of the

Accepted Answer

A)  Dred Scott decision. 
B)  decisions of Roger Taney. 
C)  Kansas-Nebraska Act. 
D)  Ostend Manifesto. 
A)  Dred Scott decision. 
B)  decisions of Roger Taney. 
C)  Kansas-Nebraska Act. 
D)  Ostend Manifesto.

Question 11

Answer the following  questions :
-Compromise of 1850

Accepted Answer

A) Lands taken by the United States in the U.S.-Mexico War (1846-1848). 
B) Whig politicians who opposed the U.S.-Mexico War on moral grounds,maintaining that the purpose of the war was to expand and perpetuate control of the national government. 
C) The 1846 proposal by Representative David Wilmot of Pennsylvania to ban slavery in territory acquired from the U.S.-Mexico War. 
D) The political argument,made by abolitionists,free soilers,and Republicans in the pre-Civil War years,that southern slaveholders were using their unfair representative advantage under the three-fifths compromise of the Constitution,as well as their clout within the Democratic Party,to demand extreme federal proslavery policies (such as annexation of Cuba)that the majority of American voters would not support. 
E) A political movement that opposed the expansion of slavery.In 1848 members of this movement organized their own political party,which depicted slavery as a threat to republicanism and to the Jeffersonian ideal of a freeholder society,arguments that won broad support among aspiring white farmers.
F)A discriminatory tax adopted in 1850 in the California Territory,that forced Chinese and Latin American immigrant miners to pay high taxes for the right to prospect for gold.The tax effectively drove these miners from the gold fields.
G)A plan,first promoted by Democratic candidate Senator Lewis Cass as "squatter sovereignty," then revised as "popular sovereignty" by fellow Democratic presidential aspirant Stephen Douglas,under which Congress would allow settlers in each territory to determine its status as free or slave.
H)The more than 80,000 settlers who arrived in California in 1849 as part of that territory's gold rush.
I)Laws passed in 1850 that were meant to resolve the dispute over the status of slavery in the territories.Key elements included the admission of California as a free state and a new Fugitive Slave Act.
J)Laws enacted in many northern states that guaranteed to all residents,including alleged fugitives,the right to a jury trial.
K)An 1854 treaty in which,after a show of military force by U.S.Commodore Matthew Perry,leaders of Japan agreed to permit American ships to refuel at two Japanese ports.
L)A small slice of land (now part of Arizona and New Mexico)purchased by President Franklin Pierce in 1853 for the purpose of building a transcontinental rail line from New Orleans to Los Angeles.
M)Private paramilitary campaigns,mounted particularly by southern proslavery advocates in the 1850s,to seize additional territory in the Caribbean or Latin America in order to establish control by U.S.-born leaders,with an expectation of eventual annexation by the United States.
N)An 1854 manifesto that urged President Franklin Pierce to seize the slave-owning province of Cuba from Spain.Northern Democrats denounced this aggressive initiative,and the plan was scuttled.
O)A pattern by which immigrants find housing and work and learn to navigate a new environment,and then assist other immigrants from their family or home area to settle in the same location.
P)Opposition to immigration and to full citizenship for recent immigrants or to immigrants of a particular ethnic or national background,as expressed,for example,by anti-Irish discrimination in the 1850s and Asian exclusion laws between the 1880s and 1940s.
Q)A controversial 1854 law that divided the Indian Territory into Kansas and Nebraska,repealed the Missouri Compromise,and left the new territories to decide the issue of slavery on the basis of popular sovereignty.Far from clarifying the status of slavery in the territories,the Act led to violent conflict in "Bleeding Kansas."
R)The 1857 Supreme Court decision that ruled the Missouri Compromise unconstitutional.The Court ruled against slave Dred Scott,who claimed that travels with his master into free states and territories made him and his family free.The decision also denied the federal government the right to exclude slavery from the territories and declared that African Americans were not citizens. 
A) Lands taken by the United States in the U.S.-Mexico War (1846-1848). 
B) Whig politicians who opposed the U.S.-Mexico War on moral grounds,maintaining that the purpose of the war was to expand and perpetuate control of the national government. 
C) The 1846 proposal by Representative David Wilmot of Pennsylvania to ban slavery in territory acquired from the U.S.-Mexico War. 
D) The political argument,made by abolitionists,free soilers,and Republicans in the pre-Civil War years,that southern slaveholders were using their unfair representative advantage under the three-fifths compromise of the Constitution,as well as their clout within the Democratic Party,to demand extreme federal proslavery policies (such as annexation of Cuba)that the majority of American voters would not support. 
E) A political movement that opposed the expansion of slavery.In 1848 members of this movement organized their own political party,which depicted slavery as a threat to republicanism and to the Jeffersonian ideal of a freeholder society,arguments that won broad support among aspiring white farmers.
F)A discriminatory tax adopted in 1850 in the California Territory,that forced Chinese and Latin American immigrant miners to pay high taxes for the right to prospect for gold.The tax effectively drove these miners from the gold fields.
G)A plan,first promoted by Democratic candidate Senator Lewis Cass as "squatter sovereignty," then revised as "popular sovereignty" by fellow Democratic presidential aspirant Stephen Douglas,under which Congress would allow settlers in each territory to determine its status as free or slave.
H)The more than 80,000 settlers who arrived in California in 1849 as part of that territory's gold rush.
I)Laws passed in 1850 that were meant to resolve the dispute over the status of slavery in the territories.Key elements included the admission of California as a free state and a new Fugitive Slave Act.
J)Laws enacted in many northern states that guaranteed to all residents,including alleged fugitives,the right to a jury trial.
K)An 1854 treaty in which,after a show of military force by U.S.Commodore Matthew Perry,leaders of Japan agreed to permit American ships to refuel at two Japanese ports.
L)A small slice of land (now part of Arizona and New Mexico)purchased by President Franklin Pierce in 1853 for the purpose of building a transcontinental rail line from New Orleans to Los Angeles.
M)Private paramilitary campaigns,mounted particularly by southern proslavery advocates in the 1850s,to seize additional territory in the Caribbean or Latin America in order to establish control by U.S.-born leaders,with an expectation of eventual annexation by the United States.
N)An 1854 manifesto that urged President Franklin Pierce to seize the slave-owning province of Cuba from Spain.Northern Democrats denounced this aggressive initiative,and the plan was scuttled.
O)A pattern by which immigrants find housing and work and learn to navigate a new environment,and then assist other immigrants from their family or home area to settle in the same location.
P)Opposition to immigration and to full citizenship for recent immigrants or to immigrants of a particular ethnic or national background,as expressed,for example,by anti-Irish discrimination in the 1850s and Asian exclusion laws between the 1880s and 1940s.
Q)A controversial 1854 law that divided the Indian Territory into Kansas and Nebraska,repealed the Missouri Compromise,and left the new territories to decide the issue of slavery on the basis of popular sovereignty.Far from clarifying the status of slavery in the territories,the Act led to violent conflict in "Bleeding Kansas."
R)The 1857 Supreme Court decision that ruled the Missouri Compromise unconstitutional.The Court ruled against slave Dred Scott,who claimed that travels with his master into free states and territories made him and his family free.The decision also denied the federal government the right to exclude slavery from the territories and declared that African Americans were not citizens.

Question 12

Answer the following  questions :
-personal liberty laws

Accepted Answer

A) Lands taken by the United States in the U.S.-Mexico War (1846-1848). 
B) Whig politicians who opposed the U.S.-Mexico War on moral grounds,maintaining that the purpose of the war was to expand and perpetuate control of the national government. 
C) The 1846 proposal by Representative David Wilmot of Pennsylvania to ban slavery in territory acquired from the U.S.-Mexico War. 
D) The political argument,made by abolitionists,free soilers,and Republicans in the pre-Civil War years,that southern slaveholders were using their unfair representative advantage under the three-fifths compromise of the Constitution,as well as their clout within the Democratic Party,to demand extreme federal proslavery policies (such as annexation of Cuba)that the majority of American voters would not support. 
E) A political movement that opposed the expansion of slavery.In 1848 members of this movement organized their own political party,which depicted slavery as a threat to republicanism and to the Jeffersonian ideal of a freeholder society,arguments that won broad support among aspiring white farmers.
F)A discriminatory tax adopted in 1850 in the California Territory,that forced Chinese and Latin American immigrant miners to pay high taxes for the right to prospect for gold.The tax effectively drove these miners from the gold fields.
G)A plan,first promoted by Democratic candidate Senator Lewis Cass as "squatter sovereignty," then revised as "popular sovereignty" by fellow Democratic presidential aspirant Stephen Douglas,under which Congress would allow settlers in each territory to determine its status as free or slave.
H)The more than 80,000 settlers who arrived in California in 1849 as part of that territory's gold rush.
I)Laws passed in 1850 that were meant to resolve the dispute over the status of slavery in the territories.Key elements included the admission of California as a free state and a new Fugitive Slave Act.
J)Laws enacted in many northern states that guaranteed to all residents,including alleged fugitives,the right to a jury trial.
K)An 1854 treaty in which,after a show of military force by U.S.Commodore Matthew Perry,leaders of Japan agreed to permit American ships to refuel at two Japanese ports.
L)A small slice of land (now part of Arizona and New Mexico)purchased by President Franklin Pierce in 1853 for the purpose of building a transcontinental rail line from New Orleans to Los Angeles.
M)Private paramilitary campaigns,mounted particularly by southern proslavery advocates in the 1850s,to seize additional territory in the Caribbean or Latin America in order to establish control by U.S.-born leaders,with an expectation of eventual annexation by the United States.
N)An 1854 manifesto that urged President Franklin Pierce to seize the slave-owning province of Cuba from Spain.Northern Democrats denounced this aggressive initiative,and the plan was scuttled.
O)A pattern by which immigrants find housing and work and learn to navigate a new environment,and then assist other immigrants from their family or home area to settle in the same location.
P)Opposition to immigration and to full citizenship for recent immigrants or to immigrants of a particular ethnic or national background,as expressed,for example,by anti-Irish discrimination in the 1850s and Asian exclusion laws between the 1880s and 1940s.
Q)A controversial 1854 law that divided the Indian Territory into Kansas and Nebraska,repealed the Missouri Compromise,and left the new territories to decide the issue of slavery on the basis of popular sovereignty.Far from clarifying the status of slavery in the territories,the Act led to violent conflict in "Bleeding Kansas."
R)The 1857 Supreme Court decision that ruled the Missouri Compromise unconstitutional.The Court ruled against slave Dred Scott,who claimed that travels with his master into free states and territories made him and his family free.The decision also denied the federal government the right to exclude slavery from the territories and declared that African Americans were not citizens. 
A) Lands taken by the United States in the U.S.-Mexico War (1846-1848). 
B) Whig politicians who opposed the U.S.-Mexico War on moral grounds,maintaining that the purpose of the war was to expand and perpetuate control of the national government. 
C) The 1846 proposal by Representative David Wilmot of Pennsylvania to ban slavery in territory acquired from the U.S.-Mexico War. 
D) The political argument,made by abolitionists,free soilers,and Republicans in the pre-Civil War years,that southern slaveholders were using their unfair representative advantage under the three-fifths compromise of the Constitution,as well as their clout within the Democratic Party,to demand extreme federal proslavery policies (such as annexation of Cuba)that the majority of American voters would not support. 
E) A political movement that opposed the expansion of slavery.In 1848 members of this movement organized their own political party,which depicted slavery as a threat to republicanism and to the Jeffersonian ideal of a freeholder society,arguments that won broad support among aspiring white farmers.
F)A discriminatory tax adopted in 1850 in the California Territory,that forced Chinese and Latin American immigrant miners to pay high taxes for the right to prospect for gold.The tax effectively drove these miners from the gold fields.
G)A plan,first promoted by Democratic candidate Senator Lewis Cass as "squatter sovereignty," then revised as "popular sovereignty" by fellow Democratic presidential aspirant Stephen Douglas,under which Congress would allow settlers in each territory to determine its status as free or slave.
H)The more than 80,000 settlers who arrived in California in 1849 as part of that territory's gold rush.
I)Laws passed in 1850 that were meant to resolve the dispute over the status of slavery in the territories.Key elements included the admission of California as a free state and a new Fugitive Slave Act.
J)Laws enacted in many northern states that guaranteed to all residents,including alleged fugitives,the right to a jury trial.
K)An 1854 treaty in which,after a show of military force by U.S.Commodore Matthew Perry,leaders of Japan agreed to permit American ships to refuel at two Japanese ports.
L)A small slice of land (now part of Arizona and New Mexico)purchased by President Franklin Pierce in 1853 for the purpose of building a transcontinental rail line from New Orleans to Los Angeles.
M)Private paramilitary campaigns,mounted particularly by southern proslavery advocates in the 1850s,to seize additional territory in the Caribbean or Latin America in order to establish control by U.S.-born leaders,with an expectation of eventual annexation by the United States.
N)An 1854 manifesto that urged President Franklin Pierce to seize the slave-owning province of Cuba from Spain.Northern Democrats denounced this aggressive initiative,and the plan was scuttled.
O)A pattern by which immigrants find housing and work and learn to navigate a new environment,and then assist other immigrants from their family or home area to settle in the same location.
P)Opposition to immigration and to full citizenship for recent immigrants or to immigrants of a particular ethnic or national background,as expressed,for example,by anti-Irish discrimination in the 1850s and Asian exclusion laws between the 1880s and 1940s.
Q)A controversial 1854 law that divided the Indian Territory into Kansas and Nebraska,repealed the Missouri Compromise,and left the new territories to decide the issue of slavery on the basis of popular sovereignty.Far from clarifying the status of slavery in the territories,the Act led to violent conflict in "Bleeding Kansas."
R)The 1857 Supreme Court decision that ruled the Missouri Compromise unconstitutional.The Court ruled against slave Dred Scott,who claimed that travels with his master into free states and territories made him and his family free.The decision also denied the federal government the right to exclude slavery from the territories and declared that African Americans were not citizens.

Question 13

Why did most of the border states remain in the Union?

Accepted Answer

Answer would ideally include:
- Loyal Bo

Question 14

Which of the following describes the Crittenden Compromise?

Accepted Answer

A)  It was a compromise Lincoln supported. 
B)  The plan outlined the Confederate constitution. 
C)  It was eliminated due to President Buchanan's veto. 
D)  The plan was a failed attempt to prevent secession. 
A)  It was a compromise Lincoln supported. 
B)  The plan outlined the Confederate constitution. 
C)  It was eliminated due to President Buchanan's veto. 
D)  The plan was a failed attempt to prevent secession.

Question 15

Who of the following people is correctly matched to his position on the extension of slavery during the debate over the admission of California into the Union in 1850?

Accepted Answer

A)  John C.Calhoun-supported an extension of the Missouri Compromise line to the Pacific Ocean 
B)  James Buchanan and other northern Democrats-argued that Congress had no authority to regulate slavery in the territories 
C)  Lewis Cass-supported popular sovereignty to address the slavery issue 
D)  Stephen Douglas-restrict Southern slavery within its original boundaries 
A)  John C.Calhoun-supported an extension of the Missouri Compromise line to the Pacific Ocean 
B)  James Buchanan and other northern Democrats-argued that Congress had no authority to regulate slavery in the territories 
C)  Lewis Cass-supported popular sovereignty to address the slavery issue 
D)  Stephen Douglas-restrict Southern slavery within its original boundaries

Question 16

Abraham Lincoln belonged to which political party during his four terms in the Illinois state legislature?

Accepted Answer

A)  Whigs 
B)  Democrats 
C)  Free Soil 
D)  Republican 
A)  Whigs 
B)  Democrats 
C)  Free Soil 
D)  Republican

Question 17

Answer the following  questions :
-"slave power" conspiracy

Accepted Answer

A) Lands taken by the United States in the U.S.-Mexico War (1846-1848). 
B) Whig politicians who opposed the U.S.-Mexico War on moral grounds,maintaining that the purpose of the war was to expand and perpetuate control of the national government. 
C) The 1846 proposal by Representative David Wilmot of Pennsylvania to ban slavery in territory acquired from the U.S.-Mexico War. 
D) The political argument,made by abolitionists,free soilers,and Republicans in the pre-Civil War years,that southern slaveholders were using their unfair representative advantage under the three-fifths compromise of the Constitution,as well as their clout within the Democratic Party,to demand extreme federal proslavery policies (such as annexation of Cuba)that the majority of American voters would not support. 
E) A political movement that opposed the expansion of slavery.In 1848 members of this movement organized their own political party,which depicted slavery as a threat to republicanism and to the Jeffersonian ideal of a freeholder society,arguments that won broad support among aspiring white farmers.
F)A discriminatory tax adopted in 1850 in the California Territory,that forced Chinese and Latin American immigrant miners to pay high taxes for the right to prospect for gold.The tax effectively drove these miners from the gold fields.
G)A plan,first promoted by Democratic candidate Senator Lewis Cass as "squatter sovereignty," then revised as "popular sovereignty" by fellow Democratic presidential aspirant Stephen Douglas,under which Congress would allow settlers in each territory to determine its status as free or slave.
H)The more than 80,000 settlers who arrived in California in 1849 as part of that territory's gold rush.
I)Laws passed in 1850 that were meant to resolve the dispute over the status of slavery in the territories.Key elements included the admission of California as a free state and a new Fugitive Slave Act.
J)Laws enacted in many northern states that guaranteed to all residents,including alleged fugitives,the right to a jury trial.
K)An 1854 treaty in which,after a show of military force by U.S.Commodore Matthew Perry,leaders of Japan agreed to permit American ships to refuel at two Japanese ports.
L)A small slice of land (now part of Arizona and New Mexico)purchased by President Franklin Pierce in 1853 for the purpose of building a transcontinental rail line from New Orleans to Los Angeles.
M)Private paramilitary campaigns,mounted particularly by southern proslavery advocates in the 1850s,to seize additional territory in the Caribbean or Latin America in order to establish control by U.S.-born leaders,with an expectation of eventual annexation by the United States.
N)An 1854 manifesto that urged President Franklin Pierce to seize the slave-owning province of Cuba from Spain.Northern Democrats denounced this aggressive initiative,and the plan was scuttled.
O)A pattern by which immigrants find housing and work and learn to navigate a new environment,and then assist other immigrants from their family or home area to settle in the same location.
P)Opposition to immigration and to full citizenship for recent immigrants or to immigrants of a particular ethnic or national background,as expressed,for example,by anti-Irish discrimination in the 1850s and Asian exclusion laws between the 1880s and 1940s.
Q)A controversial 1854 law that divided the Indian Territory into Kansas and Nebraska,repealed the Missouri Compromise,and left the new territories to decide the issue of slavery on the basis of popular sovereignty.Far from clarifying the status of slavery in the territories,the Act led to violent conflict in "Bleeding Kansas."
R)The 1857 Supreme Court decision that ruled the Missouri Compromise unconstitutional.The Court ruled against slave Dred Scott,who claimed that travels with his master into free states and territories made him and his family free.The decision also denied the federal government the right to exclude slavery from the territories and declared that African Americans were not citizens. 
A) Lands taken by the United States in the U.S.-Mexico War (1846-1848). 
B) Whig politicians who opposed the U.S.-Mexico War on moral grounds,maintaining that the purpose of the war was to expand and perpetuate control of the national government. 
C) The 1846 proposal by Representative David Wilmot of Pennsylvania to ban slavery in territory acquired from the U.S.-Mexico War. 
D) The political argument,made by abolitionists,free soilers,and Republicans in the pre-Civil War years,that southern slaveholders were using their unfair representative advantage under the three-fifths compromise of the Constitution,as well as their clout within the Democratic Party,to demand extreme federal proslavery policies (such as annexation of Cuba)that the majority of American voters would not support. 
E) A political movement that opposed the expansion of slavery.In 1848 members of this movement organized their own political party,which depicted slavery as a threat to republicanism and to the Jeffersonian ideal of a freeholder society,arguments that won broad support among aspiring white farmers.
F)A discriminatory tax adopted in 1850 in the California Territory,that forced Chinese and Latin American immigrant miners to pay high taxes for the right to prospect for gold.The tax effectively drove these miners from the gold fields.
G)A plan,first promoted by Democratic candidate Senator Lewis Cass as "squatter sovereignty," then revised as "popular sovereignty" by fellow Democratic presidential aspirant Stephen Douglas,under which Congress would allow settlers in each territory to determine its status as free or slave.
H)The more than 80,000 settlers who arrived in California in 1849 as part of that territory's gold rush.
I)Laws passed in 1850 that were meant to resolve the dispute over the status of slavery in the territories.Key elements included the admission of California as a free state and a new Fugitive Slave Act.
J)Laws enacted in many northern states that guaranteed to all residents,including alleged fugitives,the right to a jury trial.
K)An 1854 treaty in which,after a show of military force by U.S.Commodore Matthew Perry,leaders of Japan agreed to permit American ships to refuel at two Japanese ports.
L)A small slice of land (now part of Arizona and New Mexico)purchased by President Franklin Pierce in 1853 for the purpose of building a transcontinental rail line from New Orleans to Los Angeles.
M)Private paramilitary campaigns,mounted particularly by southern proslavery advocates in the 1850s,to seize additional territory in the Caribbean or Latin America in order to establish control by U.S.-born leaders,with an expectation of eventual annexation by the United States.
N)An 1854 manifesto that urged President Franklin Pierce to seize the slave-owning province of Cuba from Spain.Northern Democrats denounced this aggressive initiative,and the plan was scuttled.
O)A pattern by which immigrants find housing and work and learn to navigate a new environment,and then assist other immigrants from their family or home area to settle in the same location.
P)Opposition to immigration and to full citizenship for recent immigrants or to immigrants of a particular ethnic or national background,as expressed,for example,by anti-Irish discrimination in the 1850s and Asian exclusion laws between the 1880s and 1940s.
Q)A controversial 1854 law that divided the Indian Territory into Kansas and Nebraska,repealed the Missouri Compromise,and left the new territories to decide the issue of slavery on the basis of popular sovereignty.Far from clarifying the status of slavery in the territories,the Act led to violent conflict in "Bleeding Kansas."
R)The 1857 Supreme Court decision that ruled the Missouri Compromise unconstitutional.The Court ruled against slave Dred Scott,who claimed that travels with his master into free states and territories made him and his family free.The decision also denied the federal government the right to exclude slavery from the territories and declared that African Americans were not citizens.

Question 18

Which combination correctly aligns the candidate with his support in the 1860 presidential election?

Accepted Answer

A)  Abraham Lincoln-northern Democrat 
B)  Stephen Douglas-southern Democrat 
C)  James Buchannan-Republican 
D)  John C.Breckinridge-southern Democrat 
A)  Abraham Lincoln-northern Democrat 
B)  Stephen Douglas-southern Democrat 
C)  James Buchannan-Republican 
D)  John C.Breckinridge-southern Democrat

Question 19

In his famous "cornerstone" speech of 1861,Alexander Stephens declared that the southern states had seceded to preserve which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  States' rights 
B)  Low tariff rates 
C)  Slavery 
D)  Democracy 
A)  States' rights 
B)  Low tariff rates 
C)  Slavery 
D)  Democracy

Question 20

Answer the following  questions :
-filibustering

Accepted Answer

A) Lands taken by the United States in the U.S.-Mexico War (1846-1848). 
B) Whig politicians who opposed the U.S.-Mexico War on moral grounds,maintaining that the purpose of the war was to expand and perpetuate control of the national government. 
C) The 1846 proposal by Representative David Wilmot of Pennsylvania to ban slavery in territory acquired from the U.S.-Mexico War. 
D) The political argument,made by abolitionists,free soilers,and Republicans in the pre-Civil War years,that southern slaveholders were using their unfair representative advantage under the three-fifths compromise of the Constitution,as well as their clout within the Democratic Party,to demand extreme federal proslavery policies (such as annexation of Cuba)that the majority of American voters would not support. 
E) A political movement that opposed the expansion of slavery.In 1848 members of this movement organized their own political party,which depicted slavery as a threat to republicanism and to the Jeffersonian ideal of a freeholder society,arguments that won broad support among aspiring white farmers.
F)A discriminatory tax adopted in 1850 in the California Territory,that forced Chinese and Latin American immigrant miners to pay high taxes for the right to prospect for gold.The tax effectively drove these miners from the gold fields.
G)A plan,first promoted by Democratic candidate Senator Lewis Cass as "squatter sovereignty," then revised as "popular sovereignty" by fellow Democratic presidential aspirant Stephen Douglas,under which Congress would allow settlers in each territory to determine its status as free or slave.
H)The more than 80,000 settlers who arrived in California in 1849 as part of that territory's gold rush.
I)Laws passed in 1850 that were meant to resolve the dispute over the status of slavery in the territories.Key elements included the admission of California as a free state and a new Fugitive Slave Act.
J)Laws enacted in many northern states that guaranteed to all residents,including alleged fugitives,the right to a jury trial.
K)An 1854 treaty in which,after a show of military force by U.S.Commodore Matthew Perry,leaders of Japan agreed to permit American ships to refuel at two Japanese ports.
L)A small slice of land (now part of Arizona and New Mexico)purchased by President Franklin Pierce in 1853 for the purpose of building a transcontinental rail line from New Orleans to Los Angeles.
M)Private paramilitary campaigns,mounted particularly by southern proslavery advocates in the 1850s,to seize additional territory in the Caribbean or Latin America in order to establish control by U.S.-born leaders,with an expectation of eventual annexation by the United States.
N)An 1854 manifesto that urged President Franklin Pierce to seize the slave-owning province of Cuba from Spain.Northern Democrats denounced this aggressive initiative,and the plan was scuttled.
O)A pattern by which immigrants find housing and work and learn to navigate a new environment,and then assist other immigrants from their family or home area to settle in the same location.
P)Opposition to immigration and to full citizenship for recent immigrants or to immigrants of a particular ethnic or national background,as expressed,for example,by anti-Irish discrimination in the 1850s and Asian exclusion laws between the 1880s and 1940s.
Q)A controversial 1854 law that divided the Indian Territory into Kansas and Nebraska,repealed the Missouri Compromise,and left the new territories to decide the issue of slavery on the basis of popular sovereignty.Far from clarifying the status of slavery in the territories,the Act led to violent conflict in "Bleeding Kansas."
R)The 1857 Supreme Court decision that ruled the Missouri Compromise unconstitutional.The Court ruled against slave Dred Scott,who claimed that travels with his master into free states and territories made him and his family free.The decision also denied the federal government the right to exclude slavery from the territories and declared that African Americans were not citizens. 
A) Lands taken by the United States in the U.S.-Mexico War (1846-1848). 
B) Whig politicians who opposed the U.S.-Mexico War on moral grounds,maintaining that the purpose of the war was to expand and perpetuate control of the national government. 
C) The 1846 proposal by Representative David Wilmot of Pennsylvania to ban slavery in territory acquired from the U.S.-Mexico War. 
D) The political argument,made by abolitionists,free soilers,and Republicans in the pre-Civil War years,that southern slaveholders were using their unfair representative advantage under the three-fifths compromise of the Constitution,as well as their clout within the Democratic Party,to demand extreme federal proslavery policies (such as annexation of Cuba)that the majority of American voters would not support. 
E) A political movement that opposed the expansion of slavery.In 1848 members of this movement organized their own political party,which depicted slavery as a threat to republicanism and to the Jeffersonian ideal of a freeholder society,arguments that won broad support among aspiring white farmers.
F)A discriminatory tax adopted in 1850 in the California Territory,that forced Chinese and Latin American immigrant miners to pay high taxes for the right to prospect for gold.The tax effectively drove these miners from the gold fields.
G)A plan,first promoted by Democratic candidate Senator Lewis Cass as "squatter sovereignty," then revised as "popular sovereignty" by fellow Democratic presidential aspirant Stephen Douglas,under which Congress would allow settlers in each territory to determine its status as free or slave.
H)The more than 80,000 settlers who arrived in California in 1849 as part of that territory's gold rush.
I)Laws passed in 1850 that were meant to resolve the dispute over the status of slavery in the territories.Key elements included the admission of California as a free state and a new Fugitive Slave Act.
J)Laws enacted in many northern states that guaranteed to all residents,including alleged fugitives,the right to a jury trial.
K)An 1854 treaty in which,after a show of military force by U.S.Commodore Matthew Perry,leaders of Japan agreed to permit American ships to refuel at two Japanese ports.
L)A small slice of land (now part of Arizona and New Mexico)purchased by President Franklin Pierce in 1853 for the purpose of building a transcontinental rail line from New Orleans to Los Angeles.
M)Private paramilitary campaigns,mounted particularly by southern proslavery advocates in the 1850s,to seize additional territory in the Caribbean or Latin America in order to establish control by U.S.-born leaders,with an expectation of eventual annexation by the United States.
N)An 1854 manifesto that urged President Franklin Pierce to seize the slave-owning province of Cuba from Spain.Northern Democrats denounced this aggressive initiative,and the plan was scuttled.
O)A pattern by which immigrants find housing and work and learn to navigate a new environment,and then assist other immigrants from their family or home area to settle in the same location.
P)Opposition to immigration and to full citizenship for recent immigrants or to immigrants of a particular ethnic or national background,as expressed,for example,by anti-Irish discrimination in the 1850s and Asian exclusion laws between the 1880s and 1940s.
Q)A controversial 1854 law that divided the Indian Territory into Kansas and Nebraska,repealed the Missouri Compromise,and left the new territories to decide the issue of slavery on the basis of popular sovereignty.Far from clarifying the status of slavery in the territories,the Act led to violent conflict in "Bleeding Kansas."
R)The 1857 Supreme Court decision that ruled the Missouri Compromise unconstitutional.The Court ruled against slave Dred Scott,who claimed that travels with his master into free states and territories made him and his family free.The decision also denied the federal government the right to exclude slavery from the territories and declared that African Americans were not citizens.

Exam 12: Sectional Conflict and Crisis, 1844-1860

Which of the following border states quickly joined the Confederacy in 1861?

Why did radical abolitionist William Lloyd Garrison criticize the free soil movement bitterly in the late 1840s?

Answer the following questions : -nativism

Answer the following questions : -Wilmot Proviso

From 1854 to 1856,which of the following was the fundamental principle all Republicans agreed on?

In 1858,in response to Abraham Lincoln's assertions about slavery in the territories,Stephen Douglas

Which of the following statements describes President Buchanan's handling of the Kansas issue?

How did the Franklin Pierce administration approach the settlement and organization of the Kansas Territory in 1854 and 1855?

What were the links between the U.S.-Mexico War of 1846-1848 and Abraham Lincoln's election as president in 1860?

The creation of the Republican Party,the Pottawatomie massacre,and the negation of the Missouri Compromise were all consequences of the

Answer the following questions : -Compromise of 1850

Answer the following questions : -personal liberty laws

Why did most of the border states remain in the Union?

Which of the following describes the Crittenden Compromise?

Who of the following people is correctly matched to his position on the extension of slavery during the debate over the admission of California into the Union in 1850?

Abraham Lincoln belonged to which political party during his four terms in the Illinois state legislature?

Answer the following questions : -"slave power" conspiracy

Which combination correctly aligns the candidate with his support in the 1860 presidential election?

In his famous "cornerstone" speech of 1861,Alexander Stephens declared that the southern states had seceded to preserve which of the following?

Answer the following questions : -filibustering

Colliding Worlds, 1491-1600

American Experiments, 1521-1700

The British Atlantic World, 1607-1750

Growth, Diversity, and Conflict, 1720-1763

The Problem of Empire, 1754-1776

Making War and Republican Governments, 1776-1789

Hammering Out a Federal Republic, 1787-1820

Economic Transformations, 1800-1848

A Democratic Revolution, 1800-1848

Religion, Reform, and Culture, 1820-1848

Imperial Ambitions, 1820-1848

Bloody Ground: the Civil War, 1861-1865

Reconstruction, 1865-1877

Conquering a Continent, 1860-1890

Industrial America: Corporations and Conflicts, 1877-1910

Making Modern American Culture, 1880-1917

Civilizations Inferno: the Rise and Reform of Industrial Cities, 1880-1917

Whose Government Politics, Populists, and Progressives, 1880-1917

An Emerging World Power, 1890-1918

Unsettled Prosperity: From War to Depression, 1919-1932

Managing the Great Depression, Forging the New Deal, 1929-1938

The World at War, 1937-1945

Cold War America, 1945-1963

Triumph of the Middle Class, 1945-1963

Walking Into Freedom Land: the Civil Rights Movement, 1941-1973

Uncivil Wars:liberal Crisis and Conservative Rebirth, 1961-1972

The Search for Order in an Era of Limits, 1973-1980

Conservative America in the Ascent, 1980-1991

Confronting Global and National Dilemmas, 1989 to the Present

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