Question 1

Answer the following  questions :
-covenant of works

Accepted Answer

A) A system of bondage in which a slave has the legal status of property and so can be bought and sold like property. 
B) Term for colonies in which colonists sought to replicate,or at least approximate,economies and social structures they knew at home. 
C) A grant of Indian labor in Spanish America given in the sixteenth century by the Spanish kings to prominent men.Encomenderos extracted tribute from these Indians in exchange for granting them protection and Christian instruction. 
D) A hierarchical system of racial classification developed by colonial elites in Latin America to make sense of the complex patterns of racial mixing that developed there. 
E) The massive global exchange of living things,including people,animals,plants,and diseases,between the Eastern and Western Hemispheres that began after the voyages of Columbus.
F)A system of political economy based on government regulation.Beginning in 1650,Britain enacted Navigation Acts that controlled colonial commerce and manufacturing for the enrichment of Britain.
G)Organ of government in colonial Virginia made up of an assembly of representatives elected by the colony's inhabitants.
H)In the English system,this kind of settlements was chartered by the crown.The settlement's governor was appointed by the crown and served according to the instructions of the Board of Trade.
I)Land owned in its entirety,without feudal dues or landlord obligations.Owners had the legal right to improve,transfer,or sell their landed property.
J)A system of land distribution,pioneered in Virginia and used in several other colonies,that granted land-usually 50 acres-to anyone who paid the passage of a new arrival.By this means,large planters amassed huge landholdings as they imported large numbers of servants and slaves.
K)Workers contracted for service for a specified period.In exchange for agreeing to work for four or five years (or more)without wages in the colonies,these workers received passage across the Atlantic,room and board,and status as a free person at the end of the contract period.
L)One of the first Protestant groups to come to America,seeking a separation from the Church of England.They founded Plymouth,the first permanent community in New England,in 1620.
M)Dissenters from the Church of England who wanted a genuine Reformation rather than the partial Reformation sought by Henry VIII.Their religious principles emphasized the importance of an individual's relationship with God developed through Bible study,prayer,and introspection.
N)A financial organization devised by English merchants around 1550 that facilitated the colonization of North America.In these companies,a number of investors pooled their capital and received shares of stock in the enterprise in proportion to their share of the total investment.
O)The Protestant Christian belief that God chooses certain people for salvation before they are born.Sixteenth-century theologian John Calvin was the main proponent of this doctrine,which became a fundamental tenet of Puritan theology.
P)The allowance of different religious practices.Lord Baltimore persuaded the Maryland assembly to enact a 1649 law mandating this principle,which granted all Christians the right to follow their beliefs and hold church services.The crown also imposed this on Massachusetts Bay in its new royal charter of 1691.
Q)The Christian idea that God's elect must do good works in their earthly lives to earn their salvation.
R)The Christian idea that God's elect are granted salvation as a pure gift of grace.This doctrine holds that nothing people do can erase their sins or earn them a place in heaven.
S)A system of local government in New England in which all male heads of households met regularly to elect selectmen,levy local taxes,and regulate markets,roads,and schools.
T)Also known as King Philip's War,it pitted a coalition of Native Americans led by a Wampanoag leader against the New England colonies in 1675-1676.A thousand colonists were killed and twelve colonial towns destroyed,but the colonies prevailed.The Wampanoag's and their allies lost some 4,500 people.
U)Also known as Pope's Rebellion,the revolt in 1680 was an uprising of 46 Native American pueblos against Spanish rule.Spaniards were driven out of New Mexico.When they returned in the 1690s,they granted more autonomy to the pueblos they claimed to rule. 
A) A system of bondage in which a slave has the legal status of property and so can be bought and sold like property. 
B) Term for colonies in which colonists sought to replicate,or at least approximate,economies and social structures they knew at home. 
C) A grant of Indian labor in Spanish America given in the sixteenth century by the Spanish kings to prominent men.Encomenderos extracted tribute from these Indians in exchange for granting them protection and Christian instruction. 
D) A hierarchical system of racial classification developed by colonial elites in Latin America to make sense of the complex patterns of racial mixing that developed there. 
E) The massive global exchange of living things,including people,animals,plants,and diseases,between the Eastern and Western Hemispheres that began after the voyages of Columbus.
F)A system of political economy based on government regulation.Beginning in 1650,Britain enacted Navigation Acts that controlled colonial commerce and manufacturing for the enrichment of Britain.
G)Organ of government in colonial Virginia made up of an assembly of representatives elected by the colony's inhabitants.
H)In the English system,this kind of settlements was chartered by the crown.The settlement's governor was appointed by the crown and served according to the instructions of the Board of Trade.
I)Land owned in its entirety,without feudal dues or landlord obligations.Owners had the legal right to improve,transfer,or sell their landed property.
J)A system of land distribution,pioneered in Virginia and used in several other colonies,that granted land-usually 50 acres-to anyone who paid the passage of a new arrival.By this means,large planters amassed huge landholdings as they imported large numbers of servants and slaves.
K)Workers contracted for service for a specified period.In exchange for agreeing to work for four or five years (or more)without wages in the colonies,these workers received passage across the Atlantic,room and board,and status as a free person at the end of the contract period.
L)One of the first Protestant groups to come to America,seeking a separation from the Church of England.They founded Plymouth,the first permanent community in New England,in 1620.
M)Dissenters from the Church of England who wanted a genuine Reformation rather than the partial Reformation sought by Henry VIII.Their religious principles emphasized the importance of an individual's relationship with God developed through Bible study,prayer,and introspection.
N)A financial organization devised by English merchants around 1550 that facilitated the colonization of North America.In these companies,a number of investors pooled their capital and received shares of stock in the enterprise in proportion to their share of the total investment.
O)The Protestant Christian belief that God chooses certain people for salvation before they are born.Sixteenth-century theologian John Calvin was the main proponent of this doctrine,which became a fundamental tenet of Puritan theology.
P)The allowance of different religious practices.Lord Baltimore persuaded the Maryland assembly to enact a 1649 law mandating this principle,which granted all Christians the right to follow their beliefs and hold church services.The crown also imposed this on Massachusetts Bay in its new royal charter of 1691.
Q)The Christian idea that God's elect must do good works in their earthly lives to earn their salvation.
R)The Christian idea that God's elect are granted salvation as a pure gift of grace.This doctrine holds that nothing people do can erase their sins or earn them a place in heaven.
S)A system of local government in New England in which all male heads of households met regularly to elect selectmen,levy local taxes,and regulate markets,roads,and schools.
T)Also known as King Philip's War,it pitted a coalition of Native Americans led by a Wampanoag leader against the New England colonies in 1675-1676.A thousand colonists were killed and twelve colonial towns destroyed,but the colonies prevailed.The Wampanoag's and their allies lost some 4,500 people.
U)Also known as Pope's Rebellion,the revolt in 1680 was an uprising of 46 Native American pueblos against Spanish rule.Spaniards were driven out of New Mexico.When they returned in the 1690s,they granted more autonomy to the pueblos they claimed to rule.

Question 2

Which of the following was an outcome of Elizabeth I's compromise on the Church of England in the late 1500s?

Accepted Answer

A)  The compromise largely resolved the conflicts over Christian faith in England. 
B)  The Church of England was endorsed by both Martin Luther and John Calvin. 
C)  The compromise gave official support to England's growing Presbyterian movement. 
D)  It angered English people who supported radical Protestantism. 
A)  The compromise largely resolved the conflicts over Christian faith in England. 
B)  The Church of England was endorsed by both Martin Luther and John Calvin. 
C)  The compromise gave official support to England's growing Presbyterian movement. 
D)  It angered English people who supported radical Protestantism.

Question 3

Powhatan,leader of a confederation of about two dozen tribes in Virginia,

Accepted Answer

A)  treated the English as potential allies and attempted to integrate them into his chiefdom. 
B)  tried unsuccessfully to prevent his daughter,Pocahontas,from marrying John Rolfe. 
C)  believed initially that the English settlers were gods and invited them into his community. 
D)  welcomed the English warmly and supplied them with food,agricultural knowledge,and land. 
A)  treated the English as potential allies and attempted to integrate them into his chiefdom. 
B)  tried unsuccessfully to prevent his daughter,Pocahontas,from marrying John Rolfe. 
C)  believed initially that the English settlers were gods and invited them into his community. 
D)  welcomed the English warmly and supplied them with food,agricultural knowledge,and land.

Question 4

Which of the following statements describes Africans in Virginia after the 1660s?

Accepted Answer

A)  Africans made up 75 percent of the workforce. 
B)  Africans found themselves more entrenched in slavery as a permanent condition. 
C)  Africans were required to join the local militias whenever a war with Indians erupted. 
D)  Africans were able to purchase the labor contracts of white indentured servants. 
A)  Africans made up 75 percent of the workforce. 
B)  Africans found themselves more entrenched in slavery as a permanent condition. 
C)  Africans were required to join the local militias whenever a war with Indians erupted. 
D)  Africans were able to purchase the labor contracts of white indentured servants.

Question 5

What effect did American tobacco have in England during the early colonial period?

Accepted Answer

A)  It became fashionable for the upper class to smoke,but tobacco was too expensive for most everyone else. 
B)  Tobacco was so popular in England that large quantities were planted and grown in most rural English towns. 
C)  King James I initially condemned it as a "vile weed," but he tried it and soon became a heavy smoker. 
D)  The English developed a huge appetite for tobacco,which stimulated the English economy and bolstered England's treasury. 
A)  It became fashionable for the upper class to smoke,but tobacco was too expensive for most everyone else. 
B)  Tobacco was so popular in England that large quantities were planted and grown in most rural English towns. 
C)  King James I initially condemned it as a "vile weed," but he tried it and soon became a heavy smoker. 
D)  The English developed a huge appetite for tobacco,which stimulated the English economy and bolstered England's treasury.

Question 6

The main motive for King Philip II's attack on England in 1588 was to

Accepted Answer

A)  eradicate Protestantism in England and Holland. 
B)  capture Ireland,which the English had conquered. 
C)  punish English pirates who preyed on Spanish ships. 
D)  solidify Spain's hold on its American colonies. 
A)  eradicate Protestantism in England and Holland. 
B)  capture Ireland,which the English had conquered. 
C)  punish English pirates who preyed on Spanish ships. 
D)  solidify Spain's hold on its American colonies.

Question 7

Given their very distinct English subcultures,how did Virginians and Puritans tend to treat the Native Americans differently? Similarly?

Accepted Answer

Interest in the land,combined with initi

Question 8

When they settled in the New World in 1630,the Puritans' first priority was to

Accepted Answer

A)  establish the Anglican Church in New England. 
B)  generate sufficient profits to repay their British investors. 
C)  create a reformed society that would model true Christianity in America. 
D)  escape from England and begin to pursue full political independence from the British crown. 
A)  establish the Anglican Church in New England. 
B)  generate sufficient profits to repay their British investors. 
C)  create a reformed society that would model true Christianity in America. 
D)  escape from England and begin to pursue full political independence from the British crown.

Question 9

In the sixteenth century,the Spanish crown granted encomiendas to which of the following groups?

Accepted Answer

A)  Catholic missionaries 
B)  Conquistadors 
C)  Mestizos 
D)  Indians who converted to Catholicism 
A)  Catholic missionaries 
B)  Conquistadors 
C)  Mestizos 
D)  Indians who converted to Catholicism

Question 10

In North America's plantation colonies,most indentured servants

Accepted Answer

A)  were indistinguishable from slaves. 
B)  emigrated from Germany and France. 
C)  quickly broke their contracts with their masters. 
D)  did not escape from poverty. 
A)  were indistinguishable from slaves. 
B)  emigrated from Germany and France. 
C)  quickly broke their contracts with their masters. 
D)  did not escape from poverty.

Question 11

Which of the following groups provided the labor for Brazil's profitable plantations in 1620?

Accepted Answer

A)  Indigenous people 
B)  African slaves 
C)  Indentured servants 
D)  Spanish settlers 
A)  Indigenous people 
B)  African slaves 
C)  Indentured servants 
D)  Spanish settlers

Question 12

Which of the following statements describes life in the Chesapeake region after 1660?

Accepted Answer

A)  Many yeoman farmers prospered because their tobacco profits enabled them to acquire more land. 
B)  A wealthy,planter-merchant elite dominated the Chesapeake economy and owned almost half the land in Virginia. 
C)  Newly freed indentured servants were able to acquire land more easily than they could before this time. 
D)  The lines separating the social classes blurred because wealth was more evenly distributed. 
A)  Many yeoman farmers prospered because their tobacco profits enabled them to acquire more land. 
B)  A wealthy,planter-merchant elite dominated the Chesapeake economy and owned almost half the land in Virginia. 
C)  Newly freed indentured servants were able to acquire land more easily than they could before this time. 
D)  The lines separating the social classes blurred because wealth was more evenly distributed.

Question 13

Why did Pueblos decide to revolt in the early 1680s?

Accepted Answer

A)  Spanish officials persecuted Pueblo peoples for turning away from Christianity. 
B)  Pueblo leaders had visions that told them to attack the Spanish. 
C)  The Puritans were imposing the Catholic faith on the local natives. 
D)  The Pueblo peoples never received promised payment for ceded lands. 
A)  Spanish officials persecuted Pueblo peoples for turning away from Christianity. 
B)  Pueblo leaders had visions that told them to attack the Spanish. 
C)  The Puritans were imposing the Catholic faith on the local natives. 
D)  The Pueblo peoples never received promised payment for ceded lands.

Question 14

The encomiendas granted by the Spanish crown in the sixteenth century consisted of

Accepted Answer

A)  large quantities of gold and silver. 
B)  farming tools and herds of livestock. 
C)  building supplies for New World churches. 
D)  legal control over American land and Indian labor. 
A)  large quantities of gold and silver. 
B)  farming tools and herds of livestock. 
C)  building supplies for New World churches. 
D)  legal control over American land and Indian labor.

Question 15

Answer the following  questions :
-chattel slavery

Accepted Answer

A) A system of bondage in which a slave has the legal status of property and so can be bought and sold like property. 
B) Term for colonies in which colonists sought to replicate,or at least approximate,economies and social structures they knew at home. 
C) A grant of Indian labor in Spanish America given in the sixteenth century by the Spanish kings to prominent men.Encomenderos extracted tribute from these Indians in exchange for granting them protection and Christian instruction. 
D) A hierarchical system of racial classification developed by colonial elites in Latin America to make sense of the complex patterns of racial mixing that developed there. 
E) The massive global exchange of living things,including people,animals,plants,and diseases,between the Eastern and Western Hemispheres that began after the voyages of Columbus.
F)A system of political economy based on government regulation.Beginning in 1650,Britain enacted Navigation Acts that controlled colonial commerce and manufacturing for the enrichment of Britain.
G)Organ of government in colonial Virginia made up of an assembly of representatives elected by the colony's inhabitants.
H)In the English system,this kind of settlements was chartered by the crown.The settlement's governor was appointed by the crown and served according to the instructions of the Board of Trade.
I)Land owned in its entirety,without feudal dues or landlord obligations.Owners had the legal right to improve,transfer,or sell their landed property.
J)A system of land distribution,pioneered in Virginia and used in several other colonies,that granted land-usually 50 acres-to anyone who paid the passage of a new arrival.By this means,large planters amassed huge landholdings as they imported large numbers of servants and slaves.
K)Workers contracted for service for a specified period.In exchange for agreeing to work for four or five years (or more)without wages in the colonies,these workers received passage across the Atlantic,room and board,and status as a free person at the end of the contract period.
L)One of the first Protestant groups to come to America,seeking a separation from the Church of England.They founded Plymouth,the first permanent community in New England,in 1620.
M)Dissenters from the Church of England who wanted a genuine Reformation rather than the partial Reformation sought by Henry VIII.Their religious principles emphasized the importance of an individual's relationship with God developed through Bible study,prayer,and introspection.
N)A financial organization devised by English merchants around 1550 that facilitated the colonization of North America.In these companies,a number of investors pooled their capital and received shares of stock in the enterprise in proportion to their share of the total investment.
O)The Protestant Christian belief that God chooses certain people for salvation before they are born.Sixteenth-century theologian John Calvin was the main proponent of this doctrine,which became a fundamental tenet of Puritan theology.
P)The allowance of different religious practices.Lord Baltimore persuaded the Maryland assembly to enact a 1649 law mandating this principle,which granted all Christians the right to follow their beliefs and hold church services.The crown also imposed this on Massachusetts Bay in its new royal charter of 1691.
Q)The Christian idea that God's elect must do good works in their earthly lives to earn their salvation.
R)The Christian idea that God's elect are granted salvation as a pure gift of grace.This doctrine holds that nothing people do can erase their sins or earn them a place in heaven.
S)A system of local government in New England in which all male heads of households met regularly to elect selectmen,levy local taxes,and regulate markets,roads,and schools.
T)Also known as King Philip's War,it pitted a coalition of Native Americans led by a Wampanoag leader against the New England colonies in 1675-1676.A thousand colonists were killed and twelve colonial towns destroyed,but the colonies prevailed.The Wampanoag's and their allies lost some 4,500 people.
U)Also known as Pope's Rebellion,the revolt in 1680 was an uprising of 46 Native American pueblos against Spanish rule.Spaniards were driven out of New Mexico.When they returned in the 1690s,they granted more autonomy to the pueblos they claimed to rule. 
A) A system of bondage in which a slave has the legal status of property and so can be bought and sold like property. 
B) Term for colonies in which colonists sought to replicate,or at least approximate,economies and social structures they knew at home. 
C) A grant of Indian labor in Spanish America given in the sixteenth century by the Spanish kings to prominent men.Encomenderos extracted tribute from these Indians in exchange for granting them protection and Christian instruction. 
D) A hierarchical system of racial classification developed by colonial elites in Latin America to make sense of the complex patterns of racial mixing that developed there. 
E) The massive global exchange of living things,including people,animals,plants,and diseases,between the Eastern and Western Hemispheres that began after the voyages of Columbus.
F)A system of political economy based on government regulation.Beginning in 1650,Britain enacted Navigation Acts that controlled colonial commerce and manufacturing for the enrichment of Britain.
G)Organ of government in colonial Virginia made up of an assembly of representatives elected by the colony's inhabitants.
H)In the English system,this kind of settlements was chartered by the crown.The settlement's governor was appointed by the crown and served according to the instructions of the Board of Trade.
I)Land owned in its entirety,without feudal dues or landlord obligations.Owners had the legal right to improve,transfer,or sell their landed property.
J)A system of land distribution,pioneered in Virginia and used in several other colonies,that granted land-usually 50 acres-to anyone who paid the passage of a new arrival.By this means,large planters amassed huge landholdings as they imported large numbers of servants and slaves.
K)Workers contracted for service for a specified period.In exchange for agreeing to work for four or five years (or more)without wages in the colonies,these workers received passage across the Atlantic,room and board,and status as a free person at the end of the contract period.
L)One of the first Protestant groups to come to America,seeking a separation from the Church of England.They founded Plymouth,the first permanent community in New England,in 1620.
M)Dissenters from the Church of England who wanted a genuine Reformation rather than the partial Reformation sought by Henry VIII.Their religious principles emphasized the importance of an individual's relationship with God developed through Bible study,prayer,and introspection.
N)A financial organization devised by English merchants around 1550 that facilitated the colonization of North America.In these companies,a number of investors pooled their capital and received shares of stock in the enterprise in proportion to their share of the total investment.
O)The Protestant Christian belief that God chooses certain people for salvation before they are born.Sixteenth-century theologian John Calvin was the main proponent of this doctrine,which became a fundamental tenet of Puritan theology.
P)The allowance of different religious practices.Lord Baltimore persuaded the Maryland assembly to enact a 1649 law mandating this principle,which granted all Christians the right to follow their beliefs and hold church services.The crown also imposed this on Massachusetts Bay in its new royal charter of 1691.
Q)The Christian idea that God's elect must do good works in their earthly lives to earn their salvation.
R)The Christian idea that God's elect are granted salvation as a pure gift of grace.This doctrine holds that nothing people do can erase their sins or earn them a place in heaven.
S)A system of local government in New England in which all male heads of households met regularly to elect selectmen,levy local taxes,and regulate markets,roads,and schools.
T)Also known as King Philip's War,it pitted a coalition of Native Americans led by a Wampanoag leader against the New England colonies in 1675-1676.A thousand colonists were killed and twelve colonial towns destroyed,but the colonies prevailed.The Wampanoag's and their allies lost some 4,500 people.
U)Also known as Pope's Rebellion,the revolt in 1680 was an uprising of 46 Native American pueblos against Spanish rule.Spaniards were driven out of New Mexico.When they returned in the 1690s,they granted more autonomy to the pueblos they claimed to rule.

Question 16

Which of the following New England colonies required church membership in order to be able to vote?

Accepted Answer

A)  Plymouth 
B)  Massachusetts Bay 
C)  Rhode Island 
D)  Connecticut 
A)  Plymouth 
B)  Massachusetts Bay 
C)  Rhode Island 
D)  Connecticut

Question 17

What were the characteristics of the population of Virginia in the seventeenth century and what accounted for them?

Accepted Answer

Answer would ideally include:
- Characte

Question 18

Answer the following  questions :
-encomienda

Accepted Answer

A) A system of bondage in which a slave has the legal status of property and so can be bought and sold like property. 
B) Term for colonies in which colonists sought to replicate,or at least approximate,economies and social structures they knew at home. 
C) A grant of Indian labor in Spanish America given in the sixteenth century by the Spanish kings to prominent men.Encomenderos extracted tribute from these Indians in exchange for granting them protection and Christian instruction. 
D) A hierarchical system of racial classification developed by colonial elites in Latin America to make sense of the complex patterns of racial mixing that developed there. 
E) The massive global exchange of living things,including people,animals,plants,and diseases,between the Eastern and Western Hemispheres that began after the voyages of Columbus.
F)A system of political economy based on government regulation.Beginning in 1650,Britain enacted Navigation Acts that controlled colonial commerce and manufacturing for the enrichment of Britain.
G)Organ of government in colonial Virginia made up of an assembly of representatives elected by the colony's inhabitants.
H)In the English system,this kind of settlements was chartered by the crown.The settlement's governor was appointed by the crown and served according to the instructions of the Board of Trade.
I)Land owned in its entirety,without feudal dues or landlord obligations.Owners had the legal right to improve,transfer,or sell their landed property.
J)A system of land distribution,pioneered in Virginia and used in several other colonies,that granted land-usually 50 acres-to anyone who paid the passage of a new arrival.By this means,large planters amassed huge landholdings as they imported large numbers of servants and slaves.
K)Workers contracted for service for a specified period.In exchange for agreeing to work for four or five years (or more)without wages in the colonies,these workers received passage across the Atlantic,room and board,and status as a free person at the end of the contract period.
L)One of the first Protestant groups to come to America,seeking a separation from the Church of England.They founded Plymouth,the first permanent community in New England,in 1620.
M)Dissenters from the Church of England who wanted a genuine Reformation rather than the partial Reformation sought by Henry VIII.Their religious principles emphasized the importance of an individual's relationship with God developed through Bible study,prayer,and introspection.
N)A financial organization devised by English merchants around 1550 that facilitated the colonization of North America.In these companies,a number of investors pooled their capital and received shares of stock in the enterprise in proportion to their share of the total investment.
O)The Protestant Christian belief that God chooses certain people for salvation before they are born.Sixteenth-century theologian John Calvin was the main proponent of this doctrine,which became a fundamental tenet of Puritan theology.
P)The allowance of different religious practices.Lord Baltimore persuaded the Maryland assembly to enact a 1649 law mandating this principle,which granted all Christians the right to follow their beliefs and hold church services.The crown also imposed this on Massachusetts Bay in its new royal charter of 1691.
Q)The Christian idea that God's elect must do good works in their earthly lives to earn their salvation.
R)The Christian idea that God's elect are granted salvation as a pure gift of grace.This doctrine holds that nothing people do can erase their sins or earn them a place in heaven.
S)A system of local government in New England in which all male heads of households met regularly to elect selectmen,levy local taxes,and regulate markets,roads,and schools.
T)Also known as King Philip's War,it pitted a coalition of Native Americans led by a Wampanoag leader against the New England colonies in 1675-1676.A thousand colonists were killed and twelve colonial towns destroyed,but the colonies prevailed.The Wampanoag's and their allies lost some 4,500 people.
U)Also known as Pope's Rebellion,the revolt in 1680 was an uprising of 46 Native American pueblos against Spanish rule.Spaniards were driven out of New Mexico.When they returned in the 1690s,they granted more autonomy to the pueblos they claimed to rule. 
A) A system of bondage in which a slave has the legal status of property and so can be bought and sold like property. 
B) Term for colonies in which colonists sought to replicate,or at least approximate,economies and social structures they knew at home. 
C) A grant of Indian labor in Spanish America given in the sixteenth century by the Spanish kings to prominent men.Encomenderos extracted tribute from these Indians in exchange for granting them protection and Christian instruction. 
D) A hierarchical system of racial classification developed by colonial elites in Latin America to make sense of the complex patterns of racial mixing that developed there. 
E) The massive global exchange of living things,including people,animals,plants,and diseases,between the Eastern and Western Hemispheres that began after the voyages of Columbus.
F)A system of political economy based on government regulation.Beginning in 1650,Britain enacted Navigation Acts that controlled colonial commerce and manufacturing for the enrichment of Britain.
G)Organ of government in colonial Virginia made up of an assembly of representatives elected by the colony's inhabitants.
H)In the English system,this kind of settlements was chartered by the crown.The settlement's governor was appointed by the crown and served according to the instructions of the Board of Trade.
I)Land owned in its entirety,without feudal dues or landlord obligations.Owners had the legal right to improve,transfer,or sell their landed property.
J)A system of land distribution,pioneered in Virginia and used in several other colonies,that granted land-usually 50 acres-to anyone who paid the passage of a new arrival.By this means,large planters amassed huge landholdings as they imported large numbers of servants and slaves.
K)Workers contracted for service for a specified period.In exchange for agreeing to work for four or five years (or more)without wages in the colonies,these workers received passage across the Atlantic,room and board,and status as a free person at the end of the contract period.
L)One of the first Protestant groups to come to America,seeking a separation from the Church of England.They founded Plymouth,the first permanent community in New England,in 1620.
M)Dissenters from the Church of England who wanted a genuine Reformation rather than the partial Reformation sought by Henry VIII.Their religious principles emphasized the importance of an individual's relationship with God developed through Bible study,prayer,and introspection.
N)A financial organization devised by English merchants around 1550 that facilitated the colonization of North America.In these companies,a number of investors pooled their capital and received shares of stock in the enterprise in proportion to their share of the total investment.
O)The Protestant Christian belief that God chooses certain people for salvation before they are born.Sixteenth-century theologian John Calvin was the main proponent of this doctrine,which became a fundamental tenet of Puritan theology.
P)The allowance of different religious practices.Lord Baltimore persuaded the Maryland assembly to enact a 1649 law mandating this principle,which granted all Christians the right to follow their beliefs and hold church services.The crown also imposed this on Massachusetts Bay in its new royal charter of 1691.
Q)The Christian idea that God's elect must do good works in their earthly lives to earn their salvation.
R)The Christian idea that God's elect are granted salvation as a pure gift of grace.This doctrine holds that nothing people do can erase their sins or earn them a place in heaven.
S)A system of local government in New England in which all male heads of households met regularly to elect selectmen,levy local taxes,and regulate markets,roads,and schools.
T)Also known as King Philip's War,it pitted a coalition of Native Americans led by a Wampanoag leader against the New England colonies in 1675-1676.A thousand colonists were killed and twelve colonial towns destroyed,but the colonies prevailed.The Wampanoag's and their allies lost some 4,500 people.
U)Also known as Pope's Rebellion,the revolt in 1680 was an uprising of 46 Native American pueblos against Spanish rule.Spaniards were driven out of New Mexico.When they returned in the 1690s,they granted more autonomy to the pueblos they claimed to rule.

Question 19

Which of the following developments fostered the flow of migrants into the Virginia colony between 1617 and 1622?

Accepted Answer

A)  The English crown granted sovereignty to the House of Burgesses. 
B)  Powhatan's tribes formally ceded their lands to the Virginia Company. 
C)  Traders imported a huge number of African slaves to take over tobacco production. 
D)  The Virginia Company began to allow individual settlers to own land. 
A)  The English crown granted sovereignty to the House of Burgesses. 
B)  Powhatan's tribes formally ceded their lands to the Virginia Company. 
C)  Traders imported a huge number of African slaves to take over tobacco production. 
D)  The Virginia Company began to allow individual settlers to own land.

Question 20

The Puritans of Massachusetts Bay had fled an established church and religious persecution in England.Why,then,did they promptly establish their own church and persecute dissenters?

Accepted Answer

Answer would ideally include:
- Reasons

Exam 2: American Experiments, 1521-1700

Answer the following questions : -covenant of works

Which of the following was an outcome of Elizabeth I's compromise on the Church of England in the late 1500s?

Powhatan,leader of a confederation of about two dozen tribes in Virginia,

Which of the following statements describes Africans in Virginia after the 1660s?

What effect did American tobacco have in England during the early colonial period?

The main motive for King Philip II's attack on England in 1588 was to

Given their very distinct English subcultures,how did Virginians and Puritans tend to treat the Native Americans differently? Similarly?

When they settled in the New World in 1630,the Puritans' first priority was to

In the sixteenth century,the Spanish crown granted encomiendas to which of the following groups?

In North America's plantation colonies,most indentured servants

Which of the following groups provided the labor for Brazil's profitable plantations in 1620?

Which of the following statements describes life in the Chesapeake region after 1660?

Why did Pueblos decide to revolt in the early 1680s?

The encomiendas granted by the Spanish crown in the sixteenth century consisted of

Answer the following questions : -chattel slavery

Which of the following New England colonies required church membership in order to be able to vote?

What were the characteristics of the population of Virginia in the seventeenth century and what accounted for them?

Answer the following questions : -encomienda

Which of the following developments fostered the flow of migrants into the Virginia colony between 1617 and 1622?

The Puritans of Massachusetts Bay had fled an established church and religious persecution in England.Why,then,did they promptly establish their own church and persecute dissenters?

Colliding Worlds, 1491-1600

The British Atlantic World, 1607-1750

Growth, Diversity, and Conflict, 1720-1763

The Problem of Empire, 1754-1776

Making War and Republican Governments, 1776-1789

Hammering Out a Federal Republic, 1787-1820

Economic Transformations, 1800-1848

A Democratic Revolution, 1800-1848

Religion, Reform, and Culture, 1820-1848

Imperial Ambitions, 1820-1848

Sectional Conflict and Crisis, 1844-1860

Bloody Ground: the Civil War, 1861-1865

Reconstruction, 1865-1877

Conquering a Continent, 1860-1890

Industrial America: Corporations and Conflicts, 1877-1910

Making Modern American Culture, 1880-1917

Civilizations Inferno: the Rise and Reform of Industrial Cities, 1880-1917

Whose Government Politics, Populists, and Progressives, 1880-1917

An Emerging World Power, 1890-1918

Unsettled Prosperity: From War to Depression, 1919-1932

Managing the Great Depression, Forging the New Deal, 1929-1938

The World at War, 1937-1945

Cold War America, 1945-1963

Triumph of the Middle Class, 1945-1963

Walking Into Freedom Land: the Civil Rights Movement, 1941-1973

Uncivil Wars:liberal Crisis and Conservative Rebirth, 1961-1972

The Search for Order in an Era of Limits, 1973-1980

Conservative America in the Ascent, 1980-1991

Confronting Global and National Dilemmas, 1989 to the Present

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