Question 1

In which of the following actions did President James Madison contradict the traditional philosophy of Republicans?

Accepted Answer

A)  Endorsing and signing Henry Clay's Bonus Bill 
B)  Cutting the federal budget significantly 
C)  Approving the Judiciary Act of 1801 
D)  Supporting the creation of the Second Bank of the United States 
A)  Endorsing and signing Henry Clay's Bonus Bill 
B)  Cutting the federal budget significantly 
C)  Approving the Judiciary Act of 1801 
D)  Supporting the creation of the Second Bank of the United States

Question 2

Why was Hamilton's financial plan so controversial?

Accepted Answer

A)  It lined the pockets of wealthy investors and speculators. 
B)  It required Congress to recompense those who originally owned Confederation securities. 
C)  The plan neglected the growing importance of manufacturing internationally. 
D)  Its proposed national bank was blatantly unconstitutional. 
A)  It lined the pockets of wealthy investors and speculators. 
B)  It required Congress to recompense those who originally owned Confederation securities. 
C)  The plan neglected the growing importance of manufacturing internationally. 
D)  Its proposed national bank was blatantly unconstitutional.

Question 3

To win votes for his financial plan,Hamilton made which of the following concessions?

Accepted Answer

A)  Raising the price of western lands sold by the government to settlers 
B)  Agreeing to support Jefferson in the 1796 presidential election 
C)  Supporting a high tariff on foreign cotton 
D)  Proposing that the nation's new capital be built in the Upper South 
A)  Raising the price of western lands sold by the government to settlers 
B)  Agreeing to support Jefferson in the 1796 presidential election 
C)  Supporting a high tariff on foreign cotton 
D)  Proposing that the nation's new capital be built in the Upper South

Question 4

Did the Americans achieve their goals in the War of 1812?

Accepted Answer

Answer would ideally include:
- Positive

Question 5

Answer the following  questions :
-Bill of Rights

Accepted Answer

A) Act that established a federal district court in each state and three circuit courts to hear appeals from the districts,with the Supreme Court having the final say. 
B) The first ten amendments to the Constitution,officially ratified by 1791.The amendments safeguarded fundamental personal rights,including freedom of speech and religion,and mandated legal procedures,such as trial by jury. 
C) Alexander Hamilton's 1790 report recommending that the federal government should assume all state debts and fund the national debt-that is,offer interest on it rather than repaying it-at full value.Hamilton's goal was to make the new country creditworthy,not debt-free. 
D) A bank chartered in 1790 and jointly owned by private stockholders and the national government.Alexander Hamilton argued that the bank would provide stability to the specie-starved American economy by making loans to merchants,handling government funds,and issuing bills of credit. 
E) A proposal by treasury secretary Alexander Hamilton in 1791 calling for the federal government to urge the expansion of American manufacturing while imposing tariffs on foreign imports.
F)A proclamation issued by President George Washington in 1793,allowing U.S.citizens to trade with all belligerents in the war between France and Great Britain.
G)A 1789 revolution in France that was initially welcomed by most Americans because it abolished feudalism and established a constitutional monarchy,but eventually came to seem too radical to many.
H)A political faction in the French Revolution.Many Americans embraced the democratic ideology of this radical French faction and,like them,formed political clubs and began to address one another as "citizen."
I)A 1794 uprising by farmers in western Pennsylvania in response to enforcement of an unpopular excise tax on whiskey.
J)A 1795 treaty between the United States and Britain,negotiated by John Jay.The treaty accepted Britain's right to stop neutral ships.In return,it allowed Americans to submit claims for illegal seizures and required the British to remove their troops and Indian agents from the Northwest Territory.
K)The 1791 conflict involving diverse Haitian participants and armies from three European countries.At its end,Haiti became a free,independent nation in which former slaves were citizens.
L)A 1797 incident in which American negotiators in France were rebuffed for refusing to pay a substantial bribe.The incident led the United States into an undeclared war that curtailed American trade with the French West Indies.
M)Three laws passed in 1798 that limited individual rights and threatened the fledgling party system.One lengthened the residency requirement for citizenship,another authorized the deportation of foreigners,and the third prohibited the publication of insults or malicious attacks on the president or members of Congress.
N)Resolutions of 1798 condemning the Alien and Sedition Acts that were submitted to the federal government by two state legislatures.The resolutions tested the idea that state legislatures could judge the constitutionality of federal laws and nullify them.
O)A 1795 treaty between the United States and various Indian tribes in Ohio.American negotiators acknowledged Indian ownership of the land,and,in return for various payments,the Western Confederacy ceded most of Ohio to the United States.
P)A Supreme Court case that established the principle of judicial review in finding that parts of the Judiciary Act of 1789 were in conflict with the Constitution.For the first time,the Supreme Court assumed legal authority to overrule acts of other branches of the government.
Q)The 1803 purchase of French territory west of the Mississippi River that stretched from the Gulf of Mexico to Canada.The addition of this territory nearly doubled the size of the United States and opened the way for future American expansion west.The purchase required President Thomas Jefferson to exercise powers not explicitly granted to him by the Constitution.
R)An act of Congress that prohibited U.S.ships from traveling to foreign ports and effectively banned overseas trade in an attempt to deter Britain from halting U.S.ships at sea.The embargo caused grave hardships for Americans engaged in overseas commerce.
S)An attack on Shawnee Indians at Prophetstown in 1811 by American forces headed by William Henry Harrison,Indiana's territorial governor.The governor's troops traded heavy casualties with the confederacy's warriors and then destroyed the holy village.
T)The treaty signed on Christmas Eve 1814 that ended the War of 1812.It retained the prewar borders of the United States.
U)A Supreme Court case that asserted the dominance of national over state statutes.
V)An 1819 treaty in which John Quincy Adams persuaded Spain to cede the Florida territory to the United States.In return,the American government accepted Spain's claim to Texas and agreed to a compromise on the western boundary for the state of Louisiana.
W)The 1823 declaration by President James Monroe that the Western Hemisphere was closed to any further colonization or interference by European powers.In exchange,Monroe pledged that the United States would not become involved in European struggles. 
A) Act that established a federal district court in each state and three circuit courts to hear appeals from the districts,with the Supreme Court having the final say. 
B) The first ten amendments to the Constitution,officially ratified by 1791.The amendments safeguarded fundamental personal rights,including freedom of speech and religion,and mandated legal procedures,such as trial by jury. 
C) Alexander Hamilton's 1790 report recommending that the federal government should assume all state debts and fund the national debt-that is,offer interest on it rather than repaying it-at full value.Hamilton's goal was to make the new country creditworthy,not debt-free. 
D) A bank chartered in 1790 and jointly owned by private stockholders and the national government.Alexander Hamilton argued that the bank would provide stability to the specie-starved American economy by making loans to merchants,handling government funds,and issuing bills of credit. 
E) A proposal by treasury secretary Alexander Hamilton in 1791 calling for the federal government to urge the expansion of American manufacturing while imposing tariffs on foreign imports.
F)A proclamation issued by President George Washington in 1793,allowing U.S.citizens to trade with all belligerents in the war between France and Great Britain.
G)A 1789 revolution in France that was initially welcomed by most Americans because it abolished feudalism and established a constitutional monarchy,but eventually came to seem too radical to many.
H)A political faction in the French Revolution.Many Americans embraced the democratic ideology of this radical French faction and,like them,formed political clubs and began to address one another as "citizen."
I)A 1794 uprising by farmers in western Pennsylvania in response to enforcement of an unpopular excise tax on whiskey.
J)A 1795 treaty between the United States and Britain,negotiated by John Jay.The treaty accepted Britain's right to stop neutral ships.In return,it allowed Americans to submit claims for illegal seizures and required the British to remove their troops and Indian agents from the Northwest Territory.
K)The 1791 conflict involving diverse Haitian participants and armies from three European countries.At its end,Haiti became a free,independent nation in which former slaves were citizens.
L)A 1797 incident in which American negotiators in France were rebuffed for refusing to pay a substantial bribe.The incident led the United States into an undeclared war that curtailed American trade with the French West Indies.
M)Three laws passed in 1798 that limited individual rights and threatened the fledgling party system.One lengthened the residency requirement for citizenship,another authorized the deportation of foreigners,and the third prohibited the publication of insults or malicious attacks on the president or members of Congress.
N)Resolutions of 1798 condemning the Alien and Sedition Acts that were submitted to the federal government by two state legislatures.The resolutions tested the idea that state legislatures could judge the constitutionality of federal laws and nullify them.
O)A 1795 treaty between the United States and various Indian tribes in Ohio.American negotiators acknowledged Indian ownership of the land,and,in return for various payments,the Western Confederacy ceded most of Ohio to the United States.
P)A Supreme Court case that established the principle of judicial review in finding that parts of the Judiciary Act of 1789 were in conflict with the Constitution.For the first time,the Supreme Court assumed legal authority to overrule acts of other branches of the government.
Q)The 1803 purchase of French territory west of the Mississippi River that stretched from the Gulf of Mexico to Canada.The addition of this territory nearly doubled the size of the United States and opened the way for future American expansion west.The purchase required President Thomas Jefferson to exercise powers not explicitly granted to him by the Constitution.
R)An act of Congress that prohibited U.S.ships from traveling to foreign ports and effectively banned overseas trade in an attempt to deter Britain from halting U.S.ships at sea.The embargo caused grave hardships for Americans engaged in overseas commerce.
S)An attack on Shawnee Indians at Prophetstown in 1811 by American forces headed by William Henry Harrison,Indiana's territorial governor.The governor's troops traded heavy casualties with the confederacy's warriors and then destroyed the holy village.
T)The treaty signed on Christmas Eve 1814 that ended the War of 1812.It retained the prewar borders of the United States.
U)A Supreme Court case that asserted the dominance of national over state statutes.
V)An 1819 treaty in which John Quincy Adams persuaded Spain to cede the Florida territory to the United States.In return,the American government accepted Spain's claim to Texas and agreed to a compromise on the western boundary for the state of Louisiana.
W)The 1823 declaration by President James Monroe that the Western Hemisphere was closed to any further colonization or interference by European powers.In exchange,Monroe pledged that the United States would not become involved in European struggles.

Question 6

Answer the following  questions :
-Jacobins

Accepted Answer

A) Act that established a federal district court in each state and three circuit courts to hear appeals from the districts,with the Supreme Court having the final say. 
B) The first ten amendments to the Constitution,officially ratified by 1791.The amendments safeguarded fundamental personal rights,including freedom of speech and religion,and mandated legal procedures,such as trial by jury. 
C) Alexander Hamilton's 1790 report recommending that the federal government should assume all state debts and fund the national debt-that is,offer interest on it rather than repaying it-at full value.Hamilton's goal was to make the new country creditworthy,not debt-free. 
D) A bank chartered in 1790 and jointly owned by private stockholders and the national government.Alexander Hamilton argued that the bank would provide stability to the specie-starved American economy by making loans to merchants,handling government funds,and issuing bills of credit. 
E) A proposal by treasury secretary Alexander Hamilton in 1791 calling for the federal government to urge the expansion of American manufacturing while imposing tariffs on foreign imports.
F)A proclamation issued by President George Washington in 1793,allowing U.S.citizens to trade with all belligerents in the war between France and Great Britain.
G)A 1789 revolution in France that was initially welcomed by most Americans because it abolished feudalism and established a constitutional monarchy,but eventually came to seem too radical to many.
H)A political faction in the French Revolution.Many Americans embraced the democratic ideology of this radical French faction and,like them,formed political clubs and began to address one another as "citizen."
I)A 1794 uprising by farmers in western Pennsylvania in response to enforcement of an unpopular excise tax on whiskey.
J)A 1795 treaty between the United States and Britain,negotiated by John Jay.The treaty accepted Britain's right to stop neutral ships.In return,it allowed Americans to submit claims for illegal seizures and required the British to remove their troops and Indian agents from the Northwest Territory.
K)The 1791 conflict involving diverse Haitian participants and armies from three European countries.At its end,Haiti became a free,independent nation in which former slaves were citizens.
L)A 1797 incident in which American negotiators in France were rebuffed for refusing to pay a substantial bribe.The incident led the United States into an undeclared war that curtailed American trade with the French West Indies.
M)Three laws passed in 1798 that limited individual rights and threatened the fledgling party system.One lengthened the residency requirement for citizenship,another authorized the deportation of foreigners,and the third prohibited the publication of insults or malicious attacks on the president or members of Congress.
N)Resolutions of 1798 condemning the Alien and Sedition Acts that were submitted to the federal government by two state legislatures.The resolutions tested the idea that state legislatures could judge the constitutionality of federal laws and nullify them.
O)A 1795 treaty between the United States and various Indian tribes in Ohio.American negotiators acknowledged Indian ownership of the land,and,in return for various payments,the Western Confederacy ceded most of Ohio to the United States.
P)A Supreme Court case that established the principle of judicial review in finding that parts of the Judiciary Act of 1789 were in conflict with the Constitution.For the first time,the Supreme Court assumed legal authority to overrule acts of other branches of the government.
Q)The 1803 purchase of French territory west of the Mississippi River that stretched from the Gulf of Mexico to Canada.The addition of this territory nearly doubled the size of the United States and opened the way for future American expansion west.The purchase required President Thomas Jefferson to exercise powers not explicitly granted to him by the Constitution.
R)An act of Congress that prohibited U.S.ships from traveling to foreign ports and effectively banned overseas trade in an attempt to deter Britain from halting U.S.ships at sea.The embargo caused grave hardships for Americans engaged in overseas commerce.
S)An attack on Shawnee Indians at Prophetstown in 1811 by American forces headed by William Henry Harrison,Indiana's territorial governor.The governor's troops traded heavy casualties with the confederacy's warriors and then destroyed the holy village.
T)The treaty signed on Christmas Eve 1814 that ended the War of 1812.It retained the prewar borders of the United States.
U)A Supreme Court case that asserted the dominance of national over state statutes.
V)An 1819 treaty in which John Quincy Adams persuaded Spain to cede the Florida territory to the United States.In return,the American government accepted Spain's claim to Texas and agreed to a compromise on the western boundary for the state of Louisiana.
W)The 1823 declaration by President James Monroe that the Western Hemisphere was closed to any further colonization or interference by European powers.In exchange,Monroe pledged that the United States would not become involved in European struggles. 
A) Act that established a federal district court in each state and three circuit courts to hear appeals from the districts,with the Supreme Court having the final say. 
B) The first ten amendments to the Constitution,officially ratified by 1791.The amendments safeguarded fundamental personal rights,including freedom of speech and religion,and mandated legal procedures,such as trial by jury. 
C) Alexander Hamilton's 1790 report recommending that the federal government should assume all state debts and fund the national debt-that is,offer interest on it rather than repaying it-at full value.Hamilton's goal was to make the new country creditworthy,not debt-free. 
D) A bank chartered in 1790 and jointly owned by private stockholders and the national government.Alexander Hamilton argued that the bank would provide stability to the specie-starved American economy by making loans to merchants,handling government funds,and issuing bills of credit. 
E) A proposal by treasury secretary Alexander Hamilton in 1791 calling for the federal government to urge the expansion of American manufacturing while imposing tariffs on foreign imports.
F)A proclamation issued by President George Washington in 1793,allowing U.S.citizens to trade with all belligerents in the war between France and Great Britain.
G)A 1789 revolution in France that was initially welcomed by most Americans because it abolished feudalism and established a constitutional monarchy,but eventually came to seem too radical to many.
H)A political faction in the French Revolution.Many Americans embraced the democratic ideology of this radical French faction and,like them,formed political clubs and began to address one another as "citizen."
I)A 1794 uprising by farmers in western Pennsylvania in response to enforcement of an unpopular excise tax on whiskey.
J)A 1795 treaty between the United States and Britain,negotiated by John Jay.The treaty accepted Britain's right to stop neutral ships.In return,it allowed Americans to submit claims for illegal seizures and required the British to remove their troops and Indian agents from the Northwest Territory.
K)The 1791 conflict involving diverse Haitian participants and armies from three European countries.At its end,Haiti became a free,independent nation in which former slaves were citizens.
L)A 1797 incident in which American negotiators in France were rebuffed for refusing to pay a substantial bribe.The incident led the United States into an undeclared war that curtailed American trade with the French West Indies.
M)Three laws passed in 1798 that limited individual rights and threatened the fledgling party system.One lengthened the residency requirement for citizenship,another authorized the deportation of foreigners,and the third prohibited the publication of insults or malicious attacks on the president or members of Congress.
N)Resolutions of 1798 condemning the Alien and Sedition Acts that were submitted to the federal government by two state legislatures.The resolutions tested the idea that state legislatures could judge the constitutionality of federal laws and nullify them.
O)A 1795 treaty between the United States and various Indian tribes in Ohio.American negotiators acknowledged Indian ownership of the land,and,in return for various payments,the Western Confederacy ceded most of Ohio to the United States.
P)A Supreme Court case that established the principle of judicial review in finding that parts of the Judiciary Act of 1789 were in conflict with the Constitution.For the first time,the Supreme Court assumed legal authority to overrule acts of other branches of the government.
Q)The 1803 purchase of French territory west of the Mississippi River that stretched from the Gulf of Mexico to Canada.The addition of this territory nearly doubled the size of the United States and opened the way for future American expansion west.The purchase required President Thomas Jefferson to exercise powers not explicitly granted to him by the Constitution.
R)An act of Congress that prohibited U.S.ships from traveling to foreign ports and effectively banned overseas trade in an attempt to deter Britain from halting U.S.ships at sea.The embargo caused grave hardships for Americans engaged in overseas commerce.
S)An attack on Shawnee Indians at Prophetstown in 1811 by American forces headed by William Henry Harrison,Indiana's territorial governor.The governor's troops traded heavy casualties with the confederacy's warriors and then destroyed the holy village.
T)The treaty signed on Christmas Eve 1814 that ended the War of 1812.It retained the prewar borders of the United States.
U)A Supreme Court case that asserted the dominance of national over state statutes.
V)An 1819 treaty in which John Quincy Adams persuaded Spain to cede the Florida territory to the United States.In return,the American government accepted Spain's claim to Texas and agreed to a compromise on the western boundary for the state of Louisiana.
W)The 1823 declaration by President James Monroe that the Western Hemisphere was closed to any further colonization or interference by European powers.In exchange,Monroe pledged that the United States would not become involved in European struggles.

Question 7

Which of the following stipulations was included in the Adams-Onís Treaty of 1819?

Accepted Answer

A)  Spain ceded Florida to the United States. 
B)  Britain agreed to limit its naval forces in the Great Lakes. 
C)  The 49th parallel became the border between Canada and the United States. 
D)  Britain reimbursed American shippers for wartime damages. 
A)  Spain ceded Florida to the United States. 
B)  Britain agreed to limit its naval forces in the Great Lakes. 
C)  The 49th parallel became the border between Canada and the United States. 
D)  Britain reimbursed American shippers for wartime damages.

Question 8

For this question,refer to the following excerpt. It is universally known that the causes for which we declared war are no obstruction to peace.The practice of blockade and impressment having ceased by the general pacification of Europe,our government is content to leave the principle as it was....
We have no further business in hostility,than such as is purely defensive;while that of Great Britain is to humble or subdue us.The war,on our part,has become a contest for life,liberty and property-on the part of our enemy,of revenge or ambition....
What then are we to do? Are we to encourage him by divisions among ourselves-to hold out the hope of a separation of the states and a civil war-to refuse to bring forth the resources of the country against him? ...I did think that in a defensive war-a struggle for all that is valuable-that all parties would have united.But it is not so-every measure calculated to replenish the treasury or raise men is opposed [by New England] as though it were determined to strike the "star spangled banner" and exalt the bloody cross.Look at the votes and proceedings of congress-and mark the late spirit ...that existed in Massachusetts,and see with what unity of action every thing has been done [by New England] to harass and embarrass the government....
To conclude-why does the war continue? It is not the fault of the government-we demand no extravagant thing.I answer the question,and say-it lasts because Great Britain depends on the exertions of her "party" in this country to destroy our resources,and compel "unconditional submission."
Thus the war began,and is continued,by our divisions.
Hezekiah Niles,Niles' Weekly Register,January 28,1815
During the period from 1800 to 1820,the arguments described in the excerpt above created the strongest divisions between the

Accepted Answer

A)  North and the Midwest. 
B)  South and the Midwest. 
C)  Democrats and the Whigs. 
D)  Federalists and the Democratic Republicans. 
A)  North and the Midwest. 
B)  South and the Midwest. 
C)  Democrats and the Whigs. 
D)  Federalists and the Democratic Republicans.

Question 9

Answer the following  questions :
-Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions

Accepted Answer

A) Act that established a federal district court in each state and three circuit courts to hear appeals from the districts,with the Supreme Court having the final say. 
B) The first ten amendments to the Constitution,officially ratified by 1791.The amendments safeguarded fundamental personal rights,including freedom of speech and religion,and mandated legal procedures,such as trial by jury. 
C) Alexander Hamilton's 1790 report recommending that the federal government should assume all state debts and fund the national debt-that is,offer interest on it rather than repaying it-at full value.Hamilton's goal was to make the new country creditworthy,not debt-free. 
D) A bank chartered in 1790 and jointly owned by private stockholders and the national government.Alexander Hamilton argued that the bank would provide stability to the specie-starved American economy by making loans to merchants,handling government funds,and issuing bills of credit. 
E) A proposal by treasury secretary Alexander Hamilton in 1791 calling for the federal government to urge the expansion of American manufacturing while imposing tariffs on foreign imports.
F)A proclamation issued by President George Washington in 1793,allowing U.S.citizens to trade with all belligerents in the war between France and Great Britain.
G)A 1789 revolution in France that was initially welcomed by most Americans because it abolished feudalism and established a constitutional monarchy,but eventually came to seem too radical to many.
H)A political faction in the French Revolution.Many Americans embraced the democratic ideology of this radical French faction and,like them,formed political clubs and began to address one another as "citizen."
I)A 1794 uprising by farmers in western Pennsylvania in response to enforcement of an unpopular excise tax on whiskey.
J)A 1795 treaty between the United States and Britain,negotiated by John Jay.The treaty accepted Britain's right to stop neutral ships.In return,it allowed Americans to submit claims for illegal seizures and required the British to remove their troops and Indian agents from the Northwest Territory.
K)The 1791 conflict involving diverse Haitian participants and armies from three European countries.At its end,Haiti became a free,independent nation in which former slaves were citizens.
L)A 1797 incident in which American negotiators in France were rebuffed for refusing to pay a substantial bribe.The incident led the United States into an undeclared war that curtailed American trade with the French West Indies.
M)Three laws passed in 1798 that limited individual rights and threatened the fledgling party system.One lengthened the residency requirement for citizenship,another authorized the deportation of foreigners,and the third prohibited the publication of insults or malicious attacks on the president or members of Congress.
N)Resolutions of 1798 condemning the Alien and Sedition Acts that were submitted to the federal government by two state legislatures.The resolutions tested the idea that state legislatures could judge the constitutionality of federal laws and nullify them.
O)A 1795 treaty between the United States and various Indian tribes in Ohio.American negotiators acknowledged Indian ownership of the land,and,in return for various payments,the Western Confederacy ceded most of Ohio to the United States.
P)A Supreme Court case that established the principle of judicial review in finding that parts of the Judiciary Act of 1789 were in conflict with the Constitution.For the first time,the Supreme Court assumed legal authority to overrule acts of other branches of the government.
Q)The 1803 purchase of French territory west of the Mississippi River that stretched from the Gulf of Mexico to Canada.The addition of this territory nearly doubled the size of the United States and opened the way for future American expansion west.The purchase required President Thomas Jefferson to exercise powers not explicitly granted to him by the Constitution.
R)An act of Congress that prohibited U.S.ships from traveling to foreign ports and effectively banned overseas trade in an attempt to deter Britain from halting U.S.ships at sea.The embargo caused grave hardships for Americans engaged in overseas commerce.
S)An attack on Shawnee Indians at Prophetstown in 1811 by American forces headed by William Henry Harrison,Indiana's territorial governor.The governor's troops traded heavy casualties with the confederacy's warriors and then destroyed the holy village.
T)The treaty signed on Christmas Eve 1814 that ended the War of 1812.It retained the prewar borders of the United States.
U)A Supreme Court case that asserted the dominance of national over state statutes.
V)An 1819 treaty in which John Quincy Adams persuaded Spain to cede the Florida territory to the United States.In return,the American government accepted Spain's claim to Texas and agreed to a compromise on the western boundary for the state of Louisiana.
W)The 1823 declaration by President James Monroe that the Western Hemisphere was closed to any further colonization or interference by European powers.In exchange,Monroe pledged that the United States would not become involved in European struggles. 
A) Act that established a federal district court in each state and three circuit courts to hear appeals from the districts,with the Supreme Court having the final say. 
B) The first ten amendments to the Constitution,officially ratified by 1791.The amendments safeguarded fundamental personal rights,including freedom of speech and religion,and mandated legal procedures,such as trial by jury. 
C) Alexander Hamilton's 1790 report recommending that the federal government should assume all state debts and fund the national debt-that is,offer interest on it rather than repaying it-at full value.Hamilton's goal was to make the new country creditworthy,not debt-free. 
D) A bank chartered in 1790 and jointly owned by private stockholders and the national government.Alexander Hamilton argued that the bank would provide stability to the specie-starved American economy by making loans to merchants,handling government funds,and issuing bills of credit. 
E) A proposal by treasury secretary Alexander Hamilton in 1791 calling for the federal government to urge the expansion of American manufacturing while imposing tariffs on foreign imports.
F)A proclamation issued by President George Washington in 1793,allowing U.S.citizens to trade with all belligerents in the war between France and Great Britain.
G)A 1789 revolution in France that was initially welcomed by most Americans because it abolished feudalism and established a constitutional monarchy,but eventually came to seem too radical to many.
H)A political faction in the French Revolution.Many Americans embraced the democratic ideology of this radical French faction and,like them,formed political clubs and began to address one another as "citizen."
I)A 1794 uprising by farmers in western Pennsylvania in response to enforcement of an unpopular excise tax on whiskey.
J)A 1795 treaty between the United States and Britain,negotiated by John Jay.The treaty accepted Britain's right to stop neutral ships.In return,it allowed Americans to submit claims for illegal seizures and required the British to remove their troops and Indian agents from the Northwest Territory.
K)The 1791 conflict involving diverse Haitian participants and armies from three European countries.At its end,Haiti became a free,independent nation in which former slaves were citizens.
L)A 1797 incident in which American negotiators in France were rebuffed for refusing to pay a substantial bribe.The incident led the United States into an undeclared war that curtailed American trade with the French West Indies.
M)Three laws passed in 1798 that limited individual rights and threatened the fledgling party system.One lengthened the residency requirement for citizenship,another authorized the deportation of foreigners,and the third prohibited the publication of insults or malicious attacks on the president or members of Congress.
N)Resolutions of 1798 condemning the Alien and Sedition Acts that were submitted to the federal government by two state legislatures.The resolutions tested the idea that state legislatures could judge the constitutionality of federal laws and nullify them.
O)A 1795 treaty between the United States and various Indian tribes in Ohio.American negotiators acknowledged Indian ownership of the land,and,in return for various payments,the Western Confederacy ceded most of Ohio to the United States.
P)A Supreme Court case that established the principle of judicial review in finding that parts of the Judiciary Act of 1789 were in conflict with the Constitution.For the first time,the Supreme Court assumed legal authority to overrule acts of other branches of the government.
Q)The 1803 purchase of French territory west of the Mississippi River that stretched from the Gulf of Mexico to Canada.The addition of this territory nearly doubled the size of the United States and opened the way for future American expansion west.The purchase required President Thomas Jefferson to exercise powers not explicitly granted to him by the Constitution.
R)An act of Congress that prohibited U.S.ships from traveling to foreign ports and effectively banned overseas trade in an attempt to deter Britain from halting U.S.ships at sea.The embargo caused grave hardships for Americans engaged in overseas commerce.
S)An attack on Shawnee Indians at Prophetstown in 1811 by American forces headed by William Henry Harrison,Indiana's territorial governor.The governor's troops traded heavy casualties with the confederacy's warriors and then destroyed the holy village.
T)The treaty signed on Christmas Eve 1814 that ended the War of 1812.It retained the prewar borders of the United States.
U)A Supreme Court case that asserted the dominance of national over state statutes.
V)An 1819 treaty in which John Quincy Adams persuaded Spain to cede the Florida territory to the United States.In return,the American government accepted Spain's claim to Texas and agreed to a compromise on the western boundary for the state of Louisiana.
W)The 1823 declaration by President James Monroe that the Western Hemisphere was closed to any further colonization or interference by European powers.In exchange,Monroe pledged that the United States would not become involved in European struggles.

Question 10

Which of the following factors made the critical contribution to the Federalist Party's downfall?

Accepted Answer

A)  Their failure to pay off the national debt 
B)  Washington's principle of neutrality 
C)  The adoption of many of their policies by Republicans 
D)  The establishment of a national bank 
A)  Their failure to pay off the national debt 
B)  Washington's principle of neutrality 
C)  The adoption of many of their policies by Republicans 
D)  The establishment of a national bank

Question 11

Which of the following describes Jay's Treaty of 1795?

Accepted Answer

A)  The treaty upheld Americans' right to ship French goods on American ships. 
B)  It required the British to withdraw their troops from forts in the Northwest Territory. 
C)  It required British merchants to fully compensate Americans who had prewar claims. 
D)  The treaty established the pro-French direction of American foreign policy. 
A)  The treaty upheld Americans' right to ship French goods on American ships. 
B)  It required the British to withdraw their troops from forts in the Northwest Territory. 
C)  It required British merchants to fully compensate Americans who had prewar claims. 
D)  The treaty established the pro-French direction of American foreign policy.

Question 12

Why did Thomas Jefferson decide to attempt to purchase New Orleans in 1801?

Accepted Answer

A)  France refused to allow American farmers to ship their products through the port,in violation of the Pinckney Treaty. 
B)  He feared that racial violence in Haiti would spread to the American continent via French New Orleans. 
C)  Great Britain wanted to use the port as a military staging point for its conquest of French and Spanish islands in the Caribbean. 
D)  Napoleon Bonaparte had announced a plan to establish a French empire in North America. 
A)  France refused to allow American farmers to ship their products through the port,in violation of the Pinckney Treaty. 
B)  He feared that racial violence in Haiti would spread to the American continent via French New Orleans. 
C)  Great Britain wanted to use the port as a military staging point for its conquest of French and Spanish islands in the Caribbean. 
D)  Napoleon Bonaparte had announced a plan to establish a French empire in North America.

Question 13

Which of the following statements describes the Federalists' response to the War of 1812?

Accepted Answer

A)  Almost all Federalists supported the war out of patriotism and a desire to acquire eastern Canada from Britain. 
B)  Most Federalists reluctantly supported the war because public opinion favored it and they wanted to win in the upcoming midterm elections. 
C)  Federalists such as Daniel Webster welcomed the high tariff brought by the war because it would help New England industries. 
D)  Most Federalists strongly opposed the war,and some in Massachusetts met to consider amending the Constitution to prevent similar future wars. 
A)  Almost all Federalists supported the war out of patriotism and a desire to acquire eastern Canada from Britain. 
B)  Most Federalists reluctantly supported the war because public opinion favored it and they wanted to win in the upcoming midterm elections. 
C)  Federalists such as Daniel Webster welcomed the high tariff brought by the war because it would help New England industries. 
D)  Most Federalists strongly opposed the war,and some in Massachusetts met to consider amending the Constitution to prevent similar future wars.

Question 14

Which of the following events was the Federalists' response to the Republicans' criticism of their policies in the 1790s?

Accepted Answer

A)  The Alien and Sedition Acts 
B)  The XYZ Affair 
C)  The Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions 
D)  War with France 
A)  The Alien and Sedition Acts 
B)  The XYZ Affair 
C)  The Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions 
D)  War with France

Question 15

The critical disagreement that led to the emergence of political parties in the mid-1790s was based on which of the following issues?

Accepted Answer

A)  Jay's Treaty 
B)  Hamilton's financial plan 
C)  Interstate trade 
D)  Slavery 
A)  Jay's Treaty 
B)  Hamilton's financial plan 
C)  Interstate trade 
D)  Slavery

Question 16

In 1801,Jefferson responded to the Barbary States' threats against American shipping by

Accepted Answer

A)  refusing tribute payments,retaliating against renewed Barbary attacks,then working out a diplomatic solution involving much lower tribute payments. 
B)  announcing that it was too expensive to maintain the navy that the Federalists had built to deal with this threat and that it would be cheaper to pay a higher tribute. 
C)  ordering a naval bombardment and the landing of U.S.Marines,who destroyed the Barbary States' capacity to harass American shipping. 
D)  "showing the flag" through a token bombardment of the Barbary States but,in the end,continuing to pay the same tribute. 
A)  refusing tribute payments,retaliating against renewed Barbary attacks,then working out a diplomatic solution involving much lower tribute payments. 
B)  announcing that it was too expensive to maintain the navy that the Federalists had built to deal with this threat and that it would be cheaper to pay a higher tribute. 
C)  ordering a naval bombardment and the landing of U.S.Marines,who destroyed the Barbary States' capacity to harass American shipping. 
D)  "showing the flag" through a token bombardment of the Barbary States but,in the end,continuing to pay the same tribute.

Question 17

Which of the following statements describes migrants who left New England during the 1790s?

Accepted Answer

A)  They moved in family or community groups. 
B)  This group frequently moved to southern states. 
C)  New Englanders typically relocated to northeastern Ohio. 
D)  They funded their moves through joint-stock companies. 
A)  They moved in family or community groups. 
B)  This group frequently moved to southern states. 
C)  New Englanders typically relocated to northeastern Ohio. 
D)  They funded their moves through joint-stock companies.

Question 18

Why did New England Federalists organize the Hartford Convention in 1814? What was the convention's impact on American politics?

Accepted Answer

Answer would ideally include:
- The Fede

Question 19

Why was Toussaint L'Ouverture a significant figure in the 1790s?

Accepted Answer

A)  L'Ouverture became the first president of the new French Republic. 
B)  The leader negotiated with John Jay to create the terms of the Jay Treaty. 
C)  He led black Haitians in their fight to seize control of Saint-Domingue. 
D)  L'Ouverture solicited a loan and bribe from American diplomats in France. 
A)  L'Ouverture became the first president of the new French Republic. 
B)  The leader negotiated with John Jay to create the terms of the Jay Treaty. 
C)  He led black Haitians in their fight to seize control of Saint-Domingue. 
D)  L'Ouverture solicited a loan and bribe from American diplomats in France.

Question 20

What was Hamilton's vision of the future? What policies did he advocate to achieve it? How was Jefferson's vision different?

Accepted Answer

Answer would ideally include:
- Hamilton

Exam 7: Hammering Out a Federal Republic, 1787-1820

In which of the following actions did President James Madison contradict the traditional philosophy of Republicans?

Why was Hamilton's financial plan so controversial?

To win votes for his financial plan,Hamilton made which of the following concessions?

Did the Americans achieve their goals in the War of 1812?

Answer the following questions : -Bill of Rights

Answer the following questions : -Jacobins

Which of the following stipulations was included in the Adams-Onís Treaty of 1819?

Answer the following questions : -Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions

Which of the following factors made the critical contribution to the Federalist Party's downfall?

Which of the following describes Jay's Treaty of 1795?

Why did Thomas Jefferson decide to attempt to purchase New Orleans in 1801?

Which of the following statements describes the Federalists' response to the War of 1812?

Which of the following events was the Federalists' response to the Republicans' criticism of their policies in the 1790s?

The critical disagreement that led to the emergence of political parties in the mid-1790s was based on which of the following issues?

In 1801,Jefferson responded to the Barbary States' threats against American shipping by

Which of the following statements describes migrants who left New England during the 1790s?

Why did New England Federalists organize the Hartford Convention in 1814? What was the convention's impact on American politics?

Why was Toussaint L'Ouverture a significant figure in the 1790s?

What was Hamilton's vision of the future? What policies did he advocate to achieve it? How was Jefferson's vision different?

Colliding Worlds, 1491-1600

American Experiments, 1521-1700

The British Atlantic World, 1607-1750

Growth, Diversity, and Conflict, 1720-1763

The Problem of Empire, 1754-1776

Making War and Republican Governments, 1776-1789

Economic Transformations, 1800-1848

A Democratic Revolution, 1800-1848

Religion, Reform, and Culture, 1820-1848

Imperial Ambitions, 1820-1848

Sectional Conflict and Crisis, 1844-1860

Bloody Ground: the Civil War, 1861-1865

Reconstruction, 1865-1877

Conquering a Continent, 1860-1890

Industrial America: Corporations and Conflicts, 1877-1910

Making Modern American Culture, 1880-1917

Civilizations Inferno: the Rise and Reform of Industrial Cities, 1880-1917

Whose Government Politics, Populists, and Progressives, 1880-1917

An Emerging World Power, 1890-1918

Unsettled Prosperity: From War to Depression, 1919-1932

Managing the Great Depression, Forging the New Deal, 1929-1938

The World at War, 1937-1945

Cold War America, 1945-1963

Triumph of the Middle Class, 1945-1963

Walking Into Freedom Land: the Civil Rights Movement, 1941-1973

Uncivil Wars:liberal Crisis and Conservative Rebirth, 1961-1972

The Search for Order in an Era of Limits, 1973-1980

Conservative America in the Ascent, 1980-1991

Confronting Global and National Dilemmas, 1989 to the Present

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