Question 1

Based on research investigating the link between language and thought,Benjamin Whorf concluded that:

Accepted Answer

A) thought determines language because thinking precedes communication. 
B) language cannot determine thought because thought is essentially an aspect of communication. 
C) language has no influence on thought. 
D) language shapes thought. 
A) thought determines language because thinking precedes communication. 
B) language cannot determine thought because thought is essentially an aspect of communication. 
C) language has no influence on thought. 
D) language shapes thought. D

Question 2

Melissa is an attractive woman who lives in San Diego and loves football.When asked to predict if it were probable that she was a schoolteacher or a cheerleader for the San Diego Chargers,most people selected the latter,even though there are more schoolteachers than there are Charger cheerleaders in San Diego.This is an illustration of:

Accepted Answer

A) hindsight bias. 
B) the representativeness heuristic. 
C) base-rate decision making. 
D) the sunk-cost fallacy. 
A) hindsight bias. 
B) the representativeness heuristic. 
C) base-rate decision making. 
D) the sunk-cost fallacy. B

Question 3

If you have never seen a chihuahua but you have seen somewhat similar types of dog breeds such as rat terriers and miniature pinschers,which theory would BEST predict your ability to correctly identify a Chihuahua as a "dog"?

Accepted Answer

A) morphological rules 
B) the family resemblance theory 
C) the exemplar theory 
D) the prototype theory 
A) morphological rules 
B) the family resemblance theory 
C) the exemplar theory 
D) the prototype theory C

Question 4

In one set of studies,participants classified prototypes faster when the stimuli were presented to the right visual field,meaning that the:

Accepted Answer

A) right hemisphere received the input first. 
B) left hemisphere received the input first. 
C) participants did not receive any input. 
D) participants were not aware of their mistakes in classification. 
A) right hemisphere received the input first. 
B) left hemisphere received the input first. 
C) participants did not receive any input. 
D) participants were not aware of their mistakes in classification.

Question 5

While solving problems,insight is associated with a burst of activity in the:

Accepted Answer

A) prefrontal cortex. 
B) right temporal lobe. 
C) right parietal lobe. 
D) cerebellum. 
A) prefrontal cortex. 
B) right temporal lobe. 
C) right parietal lobe. 
D) cerebellum.

Question 6

Prospect theory assumes that people are:

Accepted Answer

A) more willing to take risks when evaluating gains than they are when evaluating losses. 
B) more willing to take risks when evaluating losses than they are when evaluating gains. 
C) equally willing to take risks to achieve gains and avoid losses. 
D) unwilling to take risks either to achieve gains or to avoid losses. 
A) more willing to take risks when evaluating gains than they are when evaluating losses. 
B) more willing to take risks when evaluating losses than they are when evaluating gains. 
C) equally willing to take risks to achieve gains and avoid losses. 
D) unwilling to take risks either to achieve gains or to avoid losses.

Question 7

People with damage to Wernicke's area can:

Accepted Answer

A) use correct syntax. 
B) produce meaningful language. 
C) understand sign language. 
D) understand the spoken word. 
A) use correct syntax. 
B) produce meaningful language. 
C) understand sign language. 
D) understand the spoken word.

Question 8

_____ is the process that allows children to learn words rapidly by joining a word with a concept after being exposed to it only once.

Accepted Answer

A) Singularism 
B) Dualism 
C) Fast mapping 
D) Grammar 
A) Singularism 
B) Dualism 
C) Fast mapping 
D) Grammar

Question 9

According to research,damage to _____ is associated with risky decision making and insensitivity to the future consequences of behavior.

Accepted Answer

A) the occipital lobe 
B) Wernicke's area 
C) the prefrontal lobe 
D) Broca's area 
A) the occipital lobe 
B) Wernicke's area 
C) the prefrontal lobe 
D) Broca's area

Question 10

The behaviorist approach to language development suggests that _____ plays a key role in learning words and grammar,whereas nativists claim that language is _____ predetermined.

Accepted Answer

A) reinforcement;biologically 
B) punishment;culturally 
C) reinforcement;culturally 
D) genetics;biologically 
A) reinforcement;biologically 
B) punishment;culturally 
C) reinforcement;culturally 
D) genetics;biologically

Question 11

Babies are born with the ability to recognize and distinguish:

Accepted Answer

A) only the phonemes of the language their parents speak. 
B) all phonemes. 
C) all morphemes. 
D) only the phonemes of languages similar to their native language. 
A) only the phonemes of the language their parents speak. 
B) all phonemes. 
C) all morphemes. 
D) only the phonemes of languages similar to their native language.

Question 12

_____ is a mental activity that consists of organizing information or beliefs into a series of steps in order to reach conclusions.

Accepted Answer

A) Reasoning 
B) Telegraphic speech 
C) Cognitive speech 
D) Genetic dysphasia 
A) Reasoning 
B) Telegraphic speech 
C) Cognitive speech 
D) Genetic dysphasia

Question 13

The SMALLEST meaningful units of language are known as:

Accepted Answer

A) phonemes. 
B) morphemes. 
C) words. 
D) sentences. 
A) phonemes. 
B) morphemes. 
C) words. 
D) sentences.

Question 14

Suppose that sports fans in the United States are given a list of names of all the medal winners in the last Olympics.After a few minutes of study,the fans are asked to estimate the percentage of medals won by the United States.The fans probably will _____ this number due to the _____.

Accepted Answer

A) overestimate;hindsight bias 
B) overestimate;availability bias 
C) underestimate;hindsight bias 
D) overestimate;category-specific deficit 
A) overestimate;hindsight bias 
B) overestimate;availability bias 
C) underestimate;hindsight bias 
D) overestimate;category-specific deficit

Question 15

Semantics refers to the _____ of a sentence.

Accepted Answer

A) structure 
B) meaning 
C) syntax 
D) morphology 
A) structure 
B) meaning 
C) syntax 
D) morphology

Exam 9: Language and Thought-Part E

Based on research investigating the link between language and thought,Benjamin Whorf concluded that:

If you have never seen a chihuahua but you have seen somewhat similar types of dog breeds such as rat terriers and miniature pinschers,which theory would BEST predict your ability to correctly identify a Chihuahua as a "dog"?

In one set of studies,participants classified prototypes faster when the stimuli were presented to the right visual field,meaning that the:

While solving problems,insight is associated with a burst of activity in the:

Prospect theory assumes that people are:

People with damage to Wernicke's area can:

_____ is the process that allows children to learn words rapidly by joining a word with a concept after being exposed to it only once.

According to research,damage to _____ is associated with risky decision making and insensitivity to the future consequences of behavior.

The behaviorist approach to language development suggests that _____ plays a key role in learning words and grammar,whereas nativists claim that language is _____ predetermined.

Babies are born with the ability to recognize and distinguish:

_____ is a mental activity that consists of organizing information or beliefs into a series of steps in order to reach conclusions.

The SMALLEST meaningful units of language are known as:

Suppose that sports fans in the United States are given a list of names of all the medal winners in the last Olympics.After a few minutes of study,the fans are asked to estimate the percentage of medals won by the United States.The fans probably will _____ this number due to the _____.

Semantics refers to the _____ of a sentence.

Evolution of Psychological Science-Part A

Evolution of Psychological Science-Part B

Evolution of Psychological Science-Part C

Evolution of Psychological Science-Part D

Evolution of Psychological Science-Part E

Methods in Psychology-Part A

Methods in Psychology-Part B

Methods in Psychology-Part C

Methods in Psychology-Part D

Methods in Psychology-Part E

Neuroscience and Behavior-Part A

Neuroscience and Behavior-Part B

Neuroscience and Behavior-Part C

Neuroscience and Behavior-Part D

Neuroscience and Behavior-Part E

Sensation and Perception-Part A

Sensation and Perception-Part B

Sensation and Perception-Part C

Sensation and Perception-Part D

Sensation and Perception-Part E

Consciousness-Part A

Consciousness-Part B

Consciousness-Part C

Consciousness-Part D

Consciousness-Part E

Memory-Part A

Memory-Part B

Memory-Part C

Memory-Part D

Memory-Part E

Learning-Part A

Learning-Part B

Learning-Part C

Learning-Part D

Learning-Part E

Emotion and Motivation-Part A

Emotion and Motivation-Part B

Emotion and Motivation-Part C

Emotion and Motivation-Part D

Emotion and Motivation-Part E

Language and Thought-Part A

Language and Thought-Part B

Language and Thought-Part C

Language and Thought-Part D

Intelligence-Part A

Intelligence-Part B

Intelligence-Part C

Intelligence-Part D

Intelligence-Part E

Development-Part A

Development-Part B

Development-Part C

Development-Part D

Development-Part E

Personality-Part A

Personality-Part B

Personality-Part C

Personality-Part D

Personality-Part E

Social Psychology-Part A

Social Psychology-Part B

Social Psychology-Part C

Social Psychology-Part D

Social Psychology-Part E

Stress and Health-Part A

The behaviorist approach to language development suggests that _ plays a key role in learning words and grammar,whereas nativists claim that language is _ predetermined.

Suppose that sports fans in the United States are given a list of names of all the medal winners in the last Olympics.After a few minutes of study,the fans are asked to estimate the percentage of medals won by the United States.The fans probably will _ this number due to the _.