Question 1

A concept has a family resemblance structure when __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  its meaning is different from its reference 
B)  it is described by a set of defining features 
C)  it is described by a set of defining features, no one of which is individually either necessary or sufficient 
D)  it cannot be represented by a mental image, but it shares features with other words 
A)  its meaning is different from its reference 
B)  it is described by a set of defining features 
C)  it is described by a set of defining features, no one of which is individually either necessary or sufficient 
D)  it cannot be represented by a mental image, but it shares features with other words

Question 2

Which of the following strings of nonsense words would subjects find easiest to memorize, according to research?

Accepted Answer

A)  yig wur vum rix hum im jag miv 
B)  blit dub fux wef doj kir jit rop 
C)  tof dit hib rop kif sil rom vit 
D)  the yigs wir vumly rixing him im jagest miv 
A)  yig wur vum rix hum im jag miv 
B)  blit dub fux wef doj kir jit rop 
C)  tof dit hib rop kif sil rom vit 
D)  the yigs wir vumly rixing him im jagest miv

Question 3

An 8-month-old infant listens to audiotape recordings of nonsense sounds, "bobusis metapog bobusis pogmeta bobusis," for 2 minutes. Which of the following is likely to be true in this situation?

Accepted Answer

A)  The infant will perceive "bobusis" as a word and will show surprise if "bobumet" is presented. 
B)  The infant will perceive "metapog" as a word and will show surprise if "pogmeta" is presented. 
C)  The infant will perceive "bobumet" as a word and will show surprise if "bobupog" is presented. 
D)  The infant will be unable to distinguish between any of the syllables because only a few of them are presented in regular sequence. 
A)  The infant will perceive "bobusis" as a word and will show surprise if "bobumet" is presented. 
B)  The infant will perceive "metapog" as a word and will show surprise if "pogmeta" is presented. 
C)  The infant will perceive "bobumet" as a word and will show surprise if "bobupog" is presented. 
D)  The infant will be unable to distinguish between any of the syllables because only a few of them are presented in regular sequence.

Question 4

How are the factors that allow us to comprehend verbal communication integrated?

Accepted Answer

A)  All sources of information interact and are processed as soon as they become available. 
B)  Sources of information are processed in a serial manner, beginning with an analysis of the extralinguistic information and ending with a hypothesis about the syntactical structure of the sentence. 
C)  Sources of information are processed in a serial manner, beginning with a hypothesis about the meaning of the sentence and ending with an analysis of the syntactical structure of the sentence. 
D)  Sources of information are processed in a serial manner, beginning with a hypothesis about the meaning of the sentence and ending with an analysis of the extralinguistic nature of the sentence. 
A)  All sources of information interact and are processed as soon as they become available. 
B)  Sources of information are processed in a serial manner, beginning with an analysis of the extralinguistic information and ending with a hypothesis about the syntactical structure of the sentence. 
C)  Sources of information are processed in a serial manner, beginning with a hypothesis about the meaning of the sentence and ending with an analysis of the syntactical structure of the sentence. 
D)  Sources of information are processed in a serial manner, beginning with a hypothesis about the meaning of the sentence and ending with an analysis of the extralinguistic nature of the sentence.

Question 5

Benjamin Whorf was a(n) __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  anthropologist 
B)  biologist 
C)  sociologist 
D)  psychologist 
A)  anthropologist 
B)  biologist 
C)  sociologist 
D)  psychologist

Question 6

Consider the sentence: Geraldo fed his bride the wedding cake with a fork. Which word or phrase is CORRECTLY matched with its case?

Accepted Answer

A)  Geraldo-actor 
B)  fed-instrument 
C)  his bride-actor 
D)  with a fork-recipient 
A)  Geraldo-actor 
B)  fed-instrument 
C)  his bride-actor 
D)  with a fork-recipient

Question 7

Which of the following terms is LEAST descriptive of the way we interpret sentences?

Accepted Answer

A)  dynamic 
B)  online 
C)  effortful 
D)  rapid 
A)  dynamic 
B)  online 
C)  effortful 
D)  rapid

Question 8

Which of the following is an example of a single morpheme?

Accepted Answer

A)  f 
B)  ran 
C)  tl 
D)  talked 
A)  f 
B)  ran 
C)  tl 
D)  talked

Question 9

Most people interpret the sentence "Can you pass me the butter?" to mean, "Please pass me the butter." This illustrates __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  the fact that meaning and reference are not the same thing 
B)  the inability of an associationist theory to explain language 
C)  an example of conversational inference 
D)  our tendency to assign conceptual properties to language where there is none 
A)  the fact that meaning and reference are not the same thing 
B)  the inability of an associationist theory to explain language 
C)  an example of conversational inference 
D)  our tendency to assign conceptual properties to language where there is none

Question 10

Which of the following statements best captures your text's conclusion regarding the mental representation of word meanings?

Accepted Answer

A)  Our representation of each concept is most likely a prototype. 
B)  Our representation of each concept is probably definitional. 
C)  We have two separate representations of each concept-one that is definitional and one that is based on a prototype. 
D)  Our representation of each concept is a blend of a definition and a prototype. 
A)  Our representation of each concept is most likely a prototype. 
B)  Our representation of each concept is probably definitional. 
C)  We have two separate representations of each concept-one that is definitional and one that is based on a prototype. 
D)  Our representation of each concept is a blend of a definition and a prototype.

Question 11

What results when the same string of words has two interpretations?

Accepted Answer

A)  paraphrasing 
B)  a difference in the construction of the sentence 
C)  ambiguity 
D)  difficulty in adapting the sentence to a phrase structure tree diagram 
A)  paraphrasing 
B)  a difference in the construction of the sentence 
C)  ambiguity 
D)  difficulty in adapting the sentence to a phrase structure tree diagram

Question 12

When two sentences look identical but differ in their meaning there is __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  paraphrasing 
B)  semantic isomorphism 
C)  a family resemblance hierarchy 
D)  ambiguity 
A)  paraphrasing 
B)  semantic isomorphism 
C)  a family resemblance hierarchy 
D)  ambiguity

Question 13

What is the key principle behind folk theories of word meanings?

Accepted Answer

A)  Complex sentences have meanings that are often subject to ambiguous interpretation. 
B)  Our knowledge of what things are at present restricts what they will always represent for us. 
C)  Ambiguous sentences will always be interpreted in terms of what is most familiar to us. 
D)  We will define members of a category in terms of what is most familiar to us. 
A)  Complex sentences have meanings that are often subject to ambiguous interpretation. 
B)  Our knowledge of what things are at present restricts what they will always represent for us. 
C)  Ambiguous sentences will always be interpreted in terms of what is most familiar to us. 
D)  We will define members of a category in terms of what is most familiar to us.

Question 14

Genie, a 14-year-old child, was abused all her life and never exposed to language. As a result, she was never able to develop normal language skills. Isabelle, a 6-year-old child, was given only minimal attention and never exposed to language, yet was able to learn normal language skills within a year. In what aspect of their lives did these two children differ that so affected the eventual outcome of their language development?

Accepted Answer

A)  Genie was past puberty when she was first exposed to language; Isabelle was prepubescent. 
B)  Genie's parents could neither speak nor hear; Isabelle's mother could do both. 
C)  Genie was born with a lower than normal IQ; Isabelle was born with a nearly normal IQ. 
D)  Genie suffered severe physical abuse; Isabelle did not. 
A)  Genie was past puberty when she was first exposed to language; Isabelle was prepubescent. 
B)  Genie's parents could neither speak nor hear; Isabelle's mother could do both. 
C)  Genie was born with a lower than normal IQ; Isabelle was born with a nearly normal IQ. 
D)  Genie suffered severe physical abuse; Isabelle did not.

Question 15

Let's say a child uses his own dog's name (Bob) to refer to his neighbor's dog. This phenomenon is termed __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  extending 
B)  multilevel parsing 
C)  overgeneralization 
D)  habitualizing 
A)  extending 
B)  multilevel parsing 
C)  overgeneralization 
D)  habitualizing

Question 16

Bilingual exposure in early infancy is called __________ bilingualism.

Accepted Answer

A)  infant 
B)  early 
C)  home 
D)  crib 
A)  infant 
B)  early 
C)  home 
D)  crib

Question 17

Which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Chimpanzees can learn manual signals as "words." 
B)  Chimpanzees are capable of some propositional thought. 
C)  Chimpanzees can learn complex syntactical rules. 
D)  Chimpanzees can communicate socially. 
A)  Chimpanzees can learn manual signals as "words." 
B)  Chimpanzees are capable of some propositional thought. 
C)  Chimpanzees can learn complex syntactical rules. 
D)  Chimpanzees can communicate socially.

Question 18

How might you evaluate the unusual cases of brain organization or injury discussed in your text with respect to the Whorfian hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

A)  They cast doubt on the Whorfian hypothesis. The hypothesis would suggest a tighter relationship between language and intelligence than these unusual cases of brain organization or injury seem to imply. 
B)  They cast doubt on the Whorfian hypothesis. The hypothesis would suggest that language and intelligence should be less related than these unusual cases of brain organization or injury seem to imply. 
C)  They support the Whorfian hypothesis. The hypothesis suggests the same tight relationship between language and intelligence that these unusual cases of brain organization or injury seem to imply. 
D)  They support the Whorfian hypothesis. The hypothesis suggests the same negligible relationship between language and intelligence that these unusual cases of brain organization or injury seem to imply. 
A)  They cast doubt on the Whorfian hypothesis. The hypothesis would suggest a tighter relationship between language and intelligence than these unusual cases of brain organization or injury seem to imply. 
B)  They cast doubt on the Whorfian hypothesis. The hypothesis would suggest that language and intelligence should be less related than these unusual cases of brain organization or injury seem to imply. 
C)  They support the Whorfian hypothesis. The hypothesis suggests the same tight relationship between language and intelligence that these unusual cases of brain organization or injury seem to imply. 
D)  They support the Whorfian hypothesis. The hypothesis suggests the same negligible relationship between language and intelligence that these unusual cases of brain organization or injury seem to imply.

Question 19

Which research demonstrates that blind children learn language in much the same way as sighted children?

Accepted Answer

A)  studies in which researchers evaluate the responses of sighted and blind children to a request to "look up" 
B)  studies in which researchers ask sighted and blind children to respond to garden path sentences 
C)  studies in which researchers ask sighted and blind children which type of toys they prefer 
D)  studies in which researchers teach sighted and blind children a simple task 
A)  studies in which researchers evaluate the responses of sighted and blind children to a request to "look up" 
B)  studies in which researchers ask sighted and blind children to respond to garden path sentences 
C)  studies in which researchers ask sighted and blind children which type of toys they prefer 
D)  studies in which researchers teach sighted and blind children a simple task

Question 20

Dr. Erksine believes that our thought processes are influenced by the language we speak. What is the relationship between Dr. Erskine's hypothesis and the Whorfian hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is stronger than the Whorfian hypothesis. 
B)  It is unrelated to the Whorfian hypothesis. 
C)  It opposes the Whorfian hypothesis. 
D)  It is nearly the same as the Whorfian hypothesis. 
A)  It is stronger than the Whorfian hypothesis. 
B)  It is unrelated to the Whorfian hypothesis. 
C)  It opposes the Whorfian hypothesis. 
D)  It is nearly the same as the Whorfian hypothesis.

A concept has a family resemblance structure when __________.

Which of the following strings of nonsense words would subjects find easiest to memorize, according to research?

An 8-month-old infant listens to audiotape recordings of nonsense sounds, "bobusis metapog bobusis pogmeta bobusis," for 2 minutes. Which of the following is likely to be true in this situation?

How are the factors that allow us to comprehend verbal communication integrated?

Benjamin Whorf was a(n) __________.

Consider the sentence: Geraldo fed his bride the wedding cake with a fork. Which word or phrase is CORRECTLY matched with its case?

Which of the following terms is LEAST descriptive of the way we interpret sentences?

Which of the following is an example of a single morpheme?

Most people interpret the sentence "Can you pass me the butter?" to mean, "Please pass me the butter." This illustrates __________.

Which of the following statements best captures your text's conclusion regarding the mental representation of word meanings?

What results when the same string of words has two interpretations?

When two sentences look identical but differ in their meaning there is __________.

What is the key principle behind folk theories of word meanings?

Let's say a child uses his own dog's name (Bob) to refer to his neighbor's dog. This phenomenon is termed __________.

Bilingual exposure in early infancy is called __________ bilingualism.

Which of the following statements is FALSE?

How might you evaluate the unusual cases of brain organization or injury discussed in your text with respect to the Whorfian hypothesis?

Which research demonstrates that blind children learn language in much the same way as sighted children?

Dr. Erksine believes that our thought processes are influenced by the language we speak. What is the relationship between Dr. Erskine's hypothesis and the Whorfian hypothesis?

Research Methods

Evolutionary and Genetic Influences on Behavior

The Brain and the Nervous System

Sensation

Perception

Consciousness

Learning

Memory

Thinking

Intelligence

Motivation and Emotion

Social Psychology

Development

Personality

Psychopathology

Treatment of Mental Disorders

Filters

Exam 10: Language

A concept has a family resemblance structure when __________.

Which of the following strings of nonsense words would subjects find easiest to memorize, according to research?

An 8-month-old infant listens to audiotape recordings of nonsense sounds, "bobusis metapog bobusis pogmeta bobusis," for 2 minutes. Which of the following is likely to be true in this situation?

How are the factors that allow us to comprehend verbal communication integrated?

Benjamin Whorf was a(n) __________.

Consider the sentence: Geraldo fed his bride the wedding cake with a fork. Which word or phrase is CORRECTLY matched with its case?

Which of the following terms is LEAST descriptive of the way we interpret sentences?

Which of the following is an example of a single morpheme?

Most people interpret the sentence "Can you pass me the butter?" to mean, "Please pass me the butter." This illustrates __________.

Which of the following statements best captures your text's conclusion regarding the mental representation of word meanings?

What results when the same string of words has two interpretations?

When two sentences look identical but differ in their meaning there is __________.

What is the key principle behind folk theories of word meanings?

Let's say a child uses his own dog's name (Bob) to refer to his neighbor's dog. This phenomenon is termed __________.

Bilingual exposure in early infancy is called __________ bilingualism.

Which of the following statements is FALSE?

How might you evaluate the unusual cases of brain organization or injury discussed in your text with respect to the Whorfian hypothesis?

Which research demonstrates that blind children learn language in much the same way as sighted children?

Dr. Erksine believes that our thought processes are influenced by the language we speak. What is the relationship between Dr. Erskine's hypothesis and the Whorfian hypothesis?

Research Methods

Evolutionary and Genetic Influences on Behavior

The Brain and the Nervous System

Sensation

Perception

Consciousness

Learning

Memory

Thinking

Intelligence

Motivation and Emotion

Social Psychology

Development

Personality

Psychopathology

Treatment of Mental Disorders

Filters