Question 1

Your text cites the following ambiguous sentence: Children's stools useful for garden work. This sentence is ambiguous at a __________ level.

Accepted Answer

A)  syntactic 
B)  phonological 
C)  pragmatic 
D)  semantic 
A)  syntactic 
B)  phonological 
C)  pragmatic 
D)  semantic

Question 2

English, Japanese, and Korean speakers use different words to describe spatial locations such as "in," "on," and "above." What differences did researchers find with respect to how research participants from these cultures think about spatial position?

Accepted Answer

A)  Participants from all three cultures seem to think about spatial position in much the same way. 
B)  Japanese research participants are the most accurate in their ability to detect alterations in the spatial location of an object. 
C)  English research participants are the most accurate in their ability to detect alterations in the spatial location of an object. 
D)  Korean research participants are the most accurate in their ability to detect alterations in the spatial location of an object. 
A)  Participants from all three cultures seem to think about spatial position in much the same way. 
B)  Japanese research participants are the most accurate in their ability to detect alterations in the spatial location of an object. 
C)  English research participants are the most accurate in their ability to detect alterations in the spatial location of an object. 
D)  Korean research participants are the most accurate in their ability to detect alterations in the spatial location of an object.

Question 3

What is a child likely to assume when an experimenter points to two objects that have the same shape but are different colors?

Accepted Answer

A)  The child will think that the two objects have the same linguistic label. 
B)  The child will assume no relation between the two. 
C)  The child will ignore the shapes and focus on the colors. 
D)  The child will assume that the two objects have different labels but are related on a subordinate level. 
A)  The child will think that the two objects have the same linguistic label. 
B)  The child will assume no relation between the two. 
C)  The child will ignore the shapes and focus on the colors. 
D)  The child will assume that the two objects have different labels but are related on a subordinate level.

Question 4

Pretend you teach a child a new nonsense word by pointing to some novel object (a pair of pliers) and saying, "That's a bliff." To what other new objects will this same child now apply the "bliff" label?

Accepted Answer

A)  any metal object 
B)  any object the same color as the pliers 
C)  any object about the same size as the pliers 
D)  any object about the same shape as the pliers 
A)  any metal object 
B)  any object the same color as the pliers 
C)  any object about the same size as the pliers 
D)  any object about the same shape as the pliers

Question 5

According to your text, the cognitive benefits of early bilingual exposure are apparent in children as young as __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  1 month 
B)  3 months 
C)  7 months 
D)  18 months 
A)  1 month 
B)  3 months 
C)  7 months 
D)  18 months

Question 6

What is true of the brain locus for language learning?

Accepted Answer

A)  For most people, brain activity for first and second languages occurs in different areas of the brain. 
B)  For most people, brain activity for first and second languages occurs in the same area of the brain. 
C)  In the case of second-language use, brain activity decreases slightly in the parietal lobe. 
D)  In the case of second-language use, brain activity increases slightly in the occipital lobe. 
A)  For most people, brain activity for first and second languages occurs in different areas of the brain. 
B)  For most people, brain activity for first and second languages occurs in the same area of the brain. 
C)  In the case of second-language use, brain activity decreases slightly in the parietal lobe. 
D)  In the case of second-language use, brain activity increases slightly in the occipital lobe.

Question 7

Genie, a 14-year-old child, was abused all her life and never exposed to language. What is the primary reason for her inability to develop proper language?

Accepted Answer

A)  Genie was severely abused. 
B)  Genie was past puberty when first exposed to language. 
C)  Genie was born with a lower-than-normal IQ. 
D)  Genie's parents could neither speak nor hear. 
A)  Genie was severely abused. 
B)  Genie was past puberty when first exposed to language. 
C)  Genie was born with a lower-than-normal IQ. 
D)  Genie's parents could neither speak nor hear.

Question 8

In English, what does ing represent?

Accepted Answer

A)  a word 
B)  syntax 
C)  a morpheme 
D)  a phoneme 
A)  a word 
B)  syntax 
C)  a morpheme 
D)  a phoneme

Question 9

In terms of a word or phrase, what does the word "predicate" come closest to the meaning of?

Accepted Answer

A)  concept 
B)  prototype 
C)  phrase structure 
D)  propose 
A)  concept 
B)  prototype 
C)  phrase structure 
D)  propose

Question 10

The gestural systems that deaf individuals invent to communicate with the hearing people around them are called __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  idiosyncratic signs 
B)  crib signs 
C)  protosigns 
D)  home signs 
A)  idiosyncratic signs 
B)  crib signs 
C)  protosigns 
D)  home signs

Question 11

The term syntax refers to the __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  meanings of words 
B)  sounds of words 
C)  rules by which words are combined 
D)  symbols used to designate words 
A)  meanings of words 
B)  sounds of words 
C)  rules by which words are combined 
D)  symbols used to designate words

Question 12

__________ contact with others must minimally occur for one to learn language.

Accepted Answer

A)  Verbal 
B)  Visual 
C)  Auditory 
D)  Social 
A)  Verbal 
B)  Visual 
C)  Auditory 
D)  Social

Question 13

A list of necessary and sufficient features is critical to __________ theories of word meaning.

Accepted Answer

A)  prototype 
B)  definitional 
C)  folk 
D)  both prototype and definitional 
A)  prototype 
B)  definitional 
C)  folk 
D)  both prototype and definitional

Question 14

Kayley is a 3-year-old monolingual English child. Janos is a 3-year-old Hungarian/English bilingual. How should the two children's performance on a card-sorting task compare?

Accepted Answer

A)  Their performance should be similar in both the initial sorting and re-sorting phases. 
B)  Their performance should be similar in the initial sorting phase, but Janos's performance should exceed Kayley's in the re-sorting phase. 
C)  Janos's performance should exceed Kayley's in the initial sorting phase, but their performance should be similar in the re-sorting phase. 
D)  Janos's performance should exceed Kayley's in both the initial sorting and re-sorting phases. 
A)  Their performance should be similar in both the initial sorting and re-sorting phases. 
B)  Their performance should be similar in the initial sorting phase, but Janos's performance should exceed Kayley's in the re-sorting phase. 
C)  Janos's performance should exceed Kayley's in the initial sorting phase, but their performance should be similar in the re-sorting phase. 
D)  Janos's performance should exceed Kayley's in both the initial sorting and re-sorting phases.

Question 15

Psycholinguists study comprehension of garden path sentences with __________ tests.

Accepted Answer

A)  priming 
B)  memory 
C)  eye tracking 
D)  visual identification 
A)  priming 
B)  memory 
C)  eye tracking 
D)  visual identification

Question 16

With respect to the world's languages, general structure is to specific elements as __________ is to __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  language; thought. 
B)  different; same. 
C)  same; different 
D)  thought; language 
A)  language; thought. 
B)  different; same. 
C)  same; different 
D)  thought; language

Question 17

In the phrase "Aren't I?" what is the I at the end?

Accepted Answer

A)  a functional morpheme 
B)  a content phoneme 
C)  a functional phoneme 
D)  a content morpheme 
A)  a functional morpheme 
B)  a content phoneme 
C)  a functional phoneme 
D)  a content morpheme

Question 18

Every normal human baby is __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  born with the capacity to notice all sound contrasts made in his language 
B)  born with the capacity to notice all sound contrasts made in any human language 
C)  born with sets of morphemes in place that later get assembled into words 
D)  born with right-hemisphere-generated language functions 
A)  born with the capacity to notice all sound contrasts made in his language 
B)  born with the capacity to notice all sound contrasts made in any human language 
C)  born with sets of morphemes in place that later get assembled into words 
D)  born with right-hemisphere-generated language functions

Question 19

Why do young children learn whole objects words (e.g., cat) before they learn related, superordinate words (e.g., animal) and subordinate words (e.g., Persian)?

Accepted Answer

A)  Generally, whole object words tend to be shorter than superordinate and subordinate words. 
B)  Parents and teachers use whole object words more frequently than they use subordinate and superordinate references. 
C)  Generally, whole object words tend to be easier to pronounce than superordinate and subordinate words. 
D)  Children are predisposed to learn words in that order. 
A)  Generally, whole object words tend to be shorter than superordinate and subordinate words. 
B)  Parents and teachers use whole object words more frequently than they use subordinate and superordinate references. 
C)  Generally, whole object words tend to be easier to pronounce than superordinate and subordinate words. 
D)  Children are predisposed to learn words in that order.

Question 20

Which of the following would participants most readily identify as a bird, according to the prototype theory of word meaning?

Accepted Answer

A)  penguin 
B)  ostrich 
C)  robin 
D)  Each of these would be identified equally rapidly as birds. 
A)  penguin 
B)  ostrich 
C)  robin 
D)  Each of these would be identified equally rapidly as birds.

Your text cites the following ambiguous sentence: Children's stools useful for garden work. This sentence is ambiguous at a __________ level.

English, Japanese, and Korean speakers use different words to describe spatial locations such as "in," "on," and "above." What differences did researchers find with respect to how research participants from these cultures think about spatial position?

What is a child likely to assume when an experimenter points to two objects that have the same shape but are different colors?

Pretend you teach a child a new nonsense word by pointing to some novel object (a pair of pliers) and saying, "That's a bliff." To what other new objects will this same child now apply the "bliff" label?

According to your text, the cognitive benefits of early bilingual exposure are apparent in children as young as __________.

What is true of the brain locus for language learning?

Genie, a 14-year-old child, was abused all her life and never exposed to language. What is the primary reason for her inability to develop proper language?

In English, what does ing represent?

In terms of a word or phrase, what does the word "predicate" come closest to the meaning of?

The gestural systems that deaf individuals invent to communicate with the hearing people around them are called __________.

The term syntax refers to the __________.

__________ contact with others must minimally occur for one to learn language.

A list of necessary and sufficient features is critical to __________ theories of word meaning.

Kayley is a 3-year-old monolingual English child. Janos is a 3-year-old Hungarian/English bilingual. How should the two children's performance on a card-sorting task compare?

Psycholinguists study comprehension of garden path sentences with __________ tests.

With respect to the world's languages, general structure is to specific elements as is to .

In the phrase "Aren't I?" what is the I at the end?

Every normal human baby is __________.

Why do young children learn whole objects words (e.g., cat) before they learn related, superordinate words (e.g., animal) and subordinate words (e.g., Persian)?

Which of the following would participants most readily identify as a bird, according to the prototype theory of word meaning?

Research Methods

Evolutionary and Genetic Influences on Behavior

The Brain and the Nervous System

Sensation

Perception

Consciousness

Learning

Memory

Thinking

Intelligence

Motivation and Emotion

Social Psychology

Development

Personality

Psychopathology

Treatment of Mental Disorders

Filters

Exam 10: Language

Your text cites the following ambiguous sentence: Children's stools useful for garden work. This sentence is ambiguous at a __________ level.

English, Japanese, and Korean speakers use different words to describe spatial locations such as "in," "on," and "above." What differences did researchers find with respect to how research participants from these cultures think about spatial position?

What is a child likely to assume when an experimenter points to two objects that have the same shape but are different colors?

Pretend you teach a child a new nonsense word by pointing to some novel object (a pair of pliers) and saying, "That's a bliff." To what other new objects will this same child now apply the "bliff" label?

According to your text, the cognitive benefits of early bilingual exposure are apparent in children as young as __________.

What is true of the brain locus for language learning?

Genie, a 14-year-old child, was abused all her life and never exposed to language. What is the primary reason for her inability to develop proper language?

In English, what does ing represent?

In terms of a word or phrase, what does the word "predicate" come closest to the meaning of?

The gestural systems that deaf individuals invent to communicate with the hearing people around them are called __________.

The term syntax refers to the __________.

__________ contact with others must minimally occur for one to learn language.

A list of necessary and sufficient features is critical to __________ theories of word meaning.

Kayley is a 3-year-old monolingual English child. Janos is a 3-year-old Hungarian/English bilingual. How should the two children's performance on a card-sorting task compare?

Psycholinguists study comprehension of garden path sentences with __________ tests.

With respect to the world's languages, general structure is to specific elements as __________ is to __________.

In the phrase "Aren't I?" what is the I at the end?

Every normal human baby is __________.

Why do young children learn whole objects words (e.g., cat) before they learn related, superordinate words (e.g., animal) and subordinate words (e.g., Persian)?

Which of the following would participants most readily identify as a bird, according to the prototype theory of word meaning?

Research Methods

Evolutionary and Genetic Influences on Behavior

The Brain and the Nervous System

Sensation

Perception

Consciousness

Learning

Memory

Thinking

Intelligence

Motivation and Emotion

Social Psychology

Development

Personality

Psychopathology

Treatment of Mental Disorders

Filters

With respect to the world's languages, general structure is to specific elements as is to .