Exam 9: A: Cognitive Processes

Researchers studying spatial mental models have asked participants to develop mental representations of settings based on textual material.The participants are then asked to use these mental models to answer questions about objects in the setting.What were the findings?

Which scenario would most likely be attributed to the availability heuristic?

A test of reasoning ability includes a number of problems in which two or more statements or premises are presented and it is the task of the test-taker to draw a conclusion.This type of problem is an example of inductive reasoning.

Dr.May is studying mental processes.What would Dr.May most likely assume?

Heuristics are cognitive strategies that always provide the right answer for a particular problem.

A participant in a study of problem solving is asked to verbalize his ongoing thoughts while working on a task.The researcher is using a procedure referred to as a(n)__________.

Participants in a research study judged that the letter k is found more often at the beginning of words than in the third position,based on information that was readily available in memory.This error is judgment is an example of the representativeness heuristic.

Research has suggested that meaning representation begins with basic units called __________,which are the main ideas of utterances.

In problem solving,the initial state and goal state make up the problem space.

What does our capacity to use context to resolve ambiguities demonstrate?

After the opera,Serge asks Ben what he thought about the performance.According to Amos Tversky and Daniel Kahneman,what will Ben most likely do?

Two long-time friends belong to the same community and share many similar life experiences.If both are asked to guess what the other is likely to know,what would be the likely outcome?

After using the same mathematical formula to solve the first nine problems of her homework assignment,a student automatically starts problem number ten using the same solution strategy.Which term best reflects this approach?

Why do frames play such a large role in decision making?