Question 1

The process of nitrogen fixation reduces N2 to

Accepted Answer

A)  NAD+. 
B)  nitrate. 
C)  ammonia. 
D)  nitrite. 
A)  NAD+. 
B)  nitrate. 
C)  ammonia. 
D)  nitrite.

Question 2

Differentiate between proteins being degraded by an ATP-dependent process compared with the ATP-independent process.

Accepted Answer

An ATP-independent process deg

Question 3

A person who has phenylketonuria must avoid which food additive?

Accepted Answer

A)  protein 
B)  methanol 
C)  aspartame 
D)  phenylalanine 
A)  protein 
B)  methanol 
C)  aspartame 
D)  phenylalanine

Question 4

Outline the process of protein degradation by the ubiquitin proteasome pathway.

Accepted Answer

The ubiquitin proteasome pathway takes t

Question 5

The shikimate pathway can be defined as the pathway that involves the

Accepted Answer

A)  condensation of phosphoenolpyruvate and erythrose-4-phosphate. 
B)  synthesis of essential amino acids from pyruvate. 
C)  synthesis of essential amino acids from oxaloacetate. 
D)  condensation of oxaloacetate and shikimate. 
A)  condensation of phosphoenolpyruvate and erythrose-4-phosphate. 
B)  synthesis of essential amino acids from pyruvate. 
C)  synthesis of essential amino acids from oxaloacetate. 
D)  condensation of oxaloacetate and shikimate.

Question 6

Which of the following is the reaction for nitric oxide synthase?

Accepted Answer

A)  citrulline + NO + 1.5 NADP+  L-arginine + 1.5 NADPH + H+ + 2O2 
B)  L-arginine + 1.5 NADPH + H+ + 2O2   Citrulline + NO + 1.5 NADP+ 
C)  L-arginine + 1.5 NADPH + H+ + 2O2   Dopamine + NO + 1.5 NADP+ 
D)  L-arginine + 1.5 NADP+ + H+ + 2O2   Citrulline + NO + 1.5 NADPH 
A)  citrulline + NO + 1.5 NADP+  L-arginine + 1.5 NADPH + H+ + 2O2 
B)  L-arginine + 1.5 NADPH + H+ + 2O2   Citrulline + NO + 1.5 NADP+ 
C)  L-arginine + 1.5 NADPH + H+ + 2O2   Dopamine + NO + 1.5 NADP+ 
D)  L-arginine + 1.5 NADP+ + H+ + 2O2   Citrulline + NO + 1.5 NADPH

Question 7

How is the synthetic pathway for nonessential amino acids different than for essential amino acids?

Accepted Answer

The nonessential amino acids have carbon

Question 8

What are the six steps of the nitrogenase reaction?

Accepted Answer

(1)Exchange of 2 ADP for 2 ATP with redu

Question 9

Which three enzymes mediate ammonia assimilation?

Accepted Answer

A)  glutamine synthase, glutamate synthetase, glutamate hydrogenase 
B)  glutamine synthetase, glutamate synthase, glutamate dehydrogenase 
C)  glutamine oxidase, glutamate reductase, glutamate dehydrogenase 
D)  glutamine dehydrogenase, glutamate synthase, glutamate oxidase 
A)  glutamine synthase, glutamate synthetase, glutamate hydrogenase 
B)  glutamine synthetase, glutamate synthase, glutamate dehydrogenase 
C)  glutamine oxidase, glutamate reductase, glutamate dehydrogenase 
D)  glutamine dehydrogenase, glutamate synthase, glutamate oxidase

Question 10

Jaundice is indicative of what process working inefficiently?

Accepted Answer

A)  heme synthesis 
B)  bilirubin removal from blood 
C)  urea synthesis 
D)  amino acid degradation 
A)  heme synthesis 
B)  bilirubin removal from blood 
C)  urea synthesis 
D)  amino acid degradation

Question 11

What is the difference between nitrogen fixation and nitrogen assimilation?

Accepted Answer

Nitrogen fixation is carried out by bact

Question 12

Aminotransferase reaction is an example of what kind of kinetics?

Accepted Answer

A)  ternary 
B)  ping-pong 
C)  cooperative 
D)  reversible 
A)  ternary 
B)  ping-pong 
C)  cooperative 
D)  reversible

Question 13

Which intermediate is shared by the urea cycle and the citric acid cycle?

Accepted Answer

A)  citrulline 
B)  argininosuccinate 
C)  aspartate 
D)  malate 
A)  citrulline 
B)  argininosuccinate 
C)  aspartate 
D)  malate

Question 14

What is a possible outcome to the urea cycle if the cell is unable to produce enough aspartate?

Accepted Answer

A)  Flux would be accelerated through the cycle. 
B)  There would be a buildup of citrulline. 
C)  There would be a buildup of urea. 
D)  The cycle would maintain equilibrium. 
A)  Flux would be accelerated through the cycle. 
B)  There would be a buildup of citrulline. 
C)  There would be a buildup of urea. 
D)  The cycle would maintain equilibrium.

Question 15

How can the body easily adjust the relative levels of some amino acids using aminotransferases?

Accepted Answer

A)  Add ATP to the cell to produce more amino acids. 
B)  Use common intermediates to interconvert between amino acids. 
C)  Phosphorylate the amino acids to prevent them from being used. 
D)  Remove NADH from the cell to produce more amino acids. 
A)  Add ATP to the cell to produce more amino acids. 
B)  Use common intermediates to interconvert between amino acids. 
C)  Phosphorylate the amino acids to prevent them from being used. 
D)  Remove NADH from the cell to produce more amino acids.

Question 16

Why does carbamoyl phosphate synthetase I require two equivalents of ATP?

Accepted Answer

The reaction mechanism for carbamoyl pho

Question 17

Why do angina patients carry nitroglycerine with them?

Accepted Answer

A)  as a rapid source of NO for blood vessel dilation 
B)  as a source of ammonia for muscle relaxation 
C)  to inhibit acetylcholine release from neurons 
D)  to inhibit cGMP phosphodiesterase 
A)  as a rapid source of NO for blood vessel dilation 
B)  as a source of ammonia for muscle relaxation 
C)  to inhibit acetylcholine release from neurons 
D)  to inhibit cGMP phosphodiesterase

Question 18

How many different forms of pyridoxal phosphate are observed in the aminotransferase reaction?

Accepted Answer

A)  7 
B)  6 
C)  5 
D)  4 
A)  7 
B)  6 
C)  5 
D)  4

Question 19

Agricultural fertilizers provide the ground with nitrate and nitrite,but only ammonia can be assimilated by plants.What process converts nitrate and nitrite to ammonia?

Accepted Answer

A)  nitrification 
B)  ammonia assimilation 
C)  nitrogen fixation 
D)  nitrogen assimilation 
A)  nitrification 
B)  ammonia assimilation 
C)  nitrogen fixation 
D)  nitrogen assimilation

Question 20

For the figure below,summarize the interdependent regulation of glutamine synthetase and glutamine synthetase adenylyltransferase.

Accepted Answer

Covalent modification of glutamine synth

Exam 17: Amino Acid Metabolism

The process of nitrogen fixation reduces N2 to

Differentiate between proteins being degraded by an ATP-dependent process compared with the ATP-independent process.

A person who has phenylketonuria must avoid which food additive?

Outline the process of protein degradation by the ubiquitin proteasome pathway.

The shikimate pathway can be defined as the pathway that involves the

Which of the following is the reaction for nitric oxide synthase?

How is the synthetic pathway for nonessential amino acids different than for essential amino acids?

What are the six steps of the nitrogenase reaction?

Which three enzymes mediate ammonia assimilation?

Jaundice is indicative of what process working inefficiently?

What is the difference between nitrogen fixation and nitrogen assimilation?

Aminotransferase reaction is an example of what kind of kinetics?

Which intermediate is shared by the urea cycle and the citric acid cycle?

What is a possible outcome to the urea cycle if the cell is unable to produce enough aspartate?

How can the body easily adjust the relative levels of some amino acids using aminotransferases?

Why does carbamoyl phosphate synthetase I require two equivalents of ATP?

Why do angina patients carry nitroglycerine with them?

How many different forms of pyridoxal phosphate are observed in the aminotransferase reaction?

Agricultural fertilizers provide the ground with nitrate and nitrite,but only ammonia can be assimilated by plants.What process converts nitrate and nitrite to ammonia?

For the figure below,summarize the interdependent regulation of glutamine synthetase and glutamine synthetase adenylyltransferase.

Principles of Biochemistry

Physical Biochemistry: Energy Conversion,water,and Membranes

Nucleic Acid Structure and Function

Protein Structure

Methods in Protein Biochemistry

Protein Function

Enzyme Mechanisms

Cell Signaling Systems

Glycolysis: a Paradigm of Metabolic Regulation

The Citrate Cycle

Oxidative Phosphorylation

Photosynthesis

Carbohydrate Structure and Function

Carbohydrate Metabolism

Lipid Structure and Function

Lipid Metabolism

Nucleotide Metabolism

Metabolic Integration

Dna Replication, repair, and Recombination

Rna Synthesis, processing, and Gene Silencing

Protein Synthesis, posttranslational Modification, and Transport

Gene Regulation

Filters

The process of nitrogen fixation reduces N₂ to